Test externalComplex fails for swiftbuild backend on amazon linux 2

[kcieplak]

Is it reproducible with SwiftPM command-line tools: swift build, swift test, swift package etc?

• Confirmed reproduction steps with SwiftPM CLI. The description text must include reproduction steps with either of command-line SwiftPM commands, swift build, swift test, swift package etc.

Description

[2025-10-10T03:37:59.025Z] ✘ Test externalComplex(buildSystem:configuration:) recorded an issue with 2 arguments buildSystem → .swiftbuild, configuration → .release at DependencyResolutionTests.swift:163:6: Caught error: terminated(1): /home/build-user/build/buildbot_linux/swiftpm-linux-x86_64/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/swift-build --package-path /tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.FC3tyS/app --configuration release --build-system swiftbuild output:

Fails for both release and debug.

Expected behavior

No response

Actual behavior

No response

Steps to reproduce

No response

Swift Package Manager version/commit hash

No response

Swift & OS version (output of swift --version ; uname -a)

No response

[kcieplak]

Looks like the nightly toolchain started failing on AL2 after this change
#8884

[kcieplak]

Using the nightly image swiftlang/swift:nightly-main-amazonlinux2 does not show the issue, only building the image like CI and running that will reproduce the failure.

git clone https://github.com/swiftlang/swift-docker.git
cd swift-docker
docker build --platform linux/x86_64 -f nightly-main/amazonlinux/2/Dockerfile . -t ci-amazon-linux2

git clone https://github.com/swiftlang/swift-package-manager.git
cd swift-pacakage-manager

docker run -ti -v /Users/kcieplak/repos/swift-package-manager:/spm ci-amazon-linux2:latest /bin/bash -l

## In container.

yum -y install \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
ncurses-libs \
python3 \
python3-pip \
sqlite-devel \
which


cd /spm

swift run --scratch-path /tmp/spm/ swift-test --scratch-path /tmp/.test --filter externalComplex

#or you can just build the package

swift run --scratch-path=/tmp/spm swift-build --build-system=swiftbuild --scratch-path=/tmp/complex --package-path Fixtures/DependencyResolution/External/Complex/

Note: After building swift-test it takes a really really long time for anything to happen with the fixture target, like 10 minutes.
not sure why, but you need to be patient. You will see

Build of product 'swift-test' complete!

And then nothing for a long time.

The errors are the following

error: /tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.8NXkhe/app/.build/checkouts/PlayingCard/Package.swift Linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
error: Ld /tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.8NXkhe/app/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Products/Debug-linux/PlayingCard.o normal failed with a nonzero exit code. Command line:     cd /tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.8NXkhe/app/.build/checkouts/PlayingCard
        /usr/bin/clang -target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -r --sysroot / -O0 -w -L/tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.8NXkhe/app/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Intermediates.noindex/EagerLinkingTBDs/Debug-linux -L/tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.8NXkhe/app/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Products/Debug-linux -L/usr/lib @/tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.8NXkhe/app/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Intermediates.noindex/PlayingCard.build/Debug-linux/PlayingCard.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/PlayingCard.LinkFileList -nostdlib -rdynamic -o /tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.8NXkhe/app/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Products/Debug-linux/PlayingCard.o

error: /tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.nHMbds/app/.build/checkouts/PlayingCard/Package.swift Linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
error: Ld /tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.nHMbds/app/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Products/Release-linux/PlayingCard.o normal failed with a nonzero exit code. Command line:     cd /tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.nHMbds/app/.build/checkouts/PlayingCard
    /usr/bin/clang -target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -r --sysroot / -Os -w -L/tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.nHMbds/app/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Intermediates.noindex/EagerLinkingTBDs/Release-linux -L/tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.nHMbds/app/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Products/Release-linux -L/usr/lib @/tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.nHMbds/app/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Intermediates.noindex/PlayingCard.build/Release-linux/PlayingCard.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/PlayingCard.LinkFileList -nostdlib -o /tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.nHMbds/app/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Products/Release-linux/PlayingCard.o

[kcieplak]

The actual error from the linker

info: /usr/bin/ld.gold: internal error in set_info_section, at output.h:3386/tmp/DependencyResolution_External_Complex.MX6npj/app/.build/checkouts/PlayingCard/Package.swift: PlayingCard: clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

Looks like a gold bug in the ancient version of binutils on host.
https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-binutils/2018-04/msg00000.html

[kcieplak]

This also occurs frequently on many of the packages in the Swift Package index for example.

https://github.com/OperatorFoundation/Chord.git

The link using gold fails with.

info: Link SwiftQueue.o (x86_64)
    cd /tmp/chord/.build/checkouts/SwiftQueue
    /usr/bin/clang -target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -r --sysroot / -O0 -w -L/tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Intermediates.noindex/EagerLinkingTBDs/Debug-linux -L/tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Products/Debug-linux -L/usr/lib @/tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Intermediates.noindex/SwiftQueue.build/Debug-linux/SwiftQueue.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/SwiftQueue.LinkFileList -nostdlib -rdynamic -o /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Products/Debug-linux/SwiftQueue.o
error: /tmp/chord/.build/checkouts/SwiftQueue/Package.swift Linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
info: /usr/bin/ld.gold: internal error in set_info_section, at output.h:3386
/tmp/chord/.build/checkouts/SwiftQueue/Package.swift: SwiftQueue: clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
error: Ld /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/Products/Debug-linux/SwiftQueue.o normal failed with a nonzero exit 

The native system does not use gold to link but rather module wrap so it does not hit the gold linker issue.

/usr/bin/swift-frontend -frontend -c /tmp/chord/.build/checkouts/SwiftQueue/Sources/SwiftQueue/LinkedList.swift -primary-file /tmp/chord/.build/checkouts/SwiftQueue/Sources/SwiftQueue/Queue.swift -emit-dependencies-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/SwiftQueue.build/Queue.d -emit-reference-dependencies-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/SwiftQueue.build/Queue.swiftdeps -serialize-diagnostics-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/SwiftQueue.build/Queue.dia -target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -disable-objc-interop -I /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/Modules -color-diagnostics -Xcc -fcolor-diagnostics -enable-testing -g -debug-info-format=dwarf -dwarf-version=4 -module-cache-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/ModuleCache -suppress-warnings -swift-version 5 -Onone -D SWIFT_PACKAGE -D DEBUG -D SWIFT_MODULE_RESOURCE_BUNDLE_UNAVAILABLE -empty-abi-descriptor -enable-anonymous-context-mangled-names -file-compilation-dir /tmp/chord -Xcc -fPIC -Xcc -g -Xcc -fno-omit-frame-pointer -no-auto-bridging-header-chaining -module-name SwiftQueue -in-process-plugin-server-path /usr/lib/swift/host/libSwiftInProcPluginServer.so -plugin-path /usr/lib/swift/host/plugins -plugin-path /usr/local/lib/swift/host/plugins -parse-as-library -o /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/SwiftQueue.build/Queue.swift.o -index-store-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/index/store -index-system-modules
/usr/bin/swift-frontend -frontend -emit-module -experimental-skip-non-inlinable-function-bodies-without-types /tmp/chord/.build/checkouts/SwiftQueue/Sources/SwiftQueue/LinkedList.swift /tmp/chord/.build/checkouts/SwiftQueue/Sources/SwiftQueue/Queue.swift -target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -disable-objc-interop -I /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/Modules -color-diagnostics -Xcc -fcolor-diagnostics -enable-testing -g -debug-info-format=dwarf -dwarf-version=4 -module-cache-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/ModuleCache -suppress-warnings -swift-version 5 -Onone -D SWIFT_PACKAGE -D DEBUG -D SWIFT_MODULE_RESOURCE_BUNDLE_UNAVAILABLE -empty-abi-descriptor -enable-anonymous-context-mangled-names -file-compilation-dir /tmp/chord -Xcc -fPIC -Xcc -g -Xcc -fno-omit-frame-pointer -no-auto-bridging-header-chaining -module-name SwiftQueue -in-process-plugin-server-path /usr/lib/swift/host/libSwiftInProcPluginServer.so -plugin-path /usr/lib/swift/host/plugins -plugin-path /usr/local/lib/swift/host/plugins -emit-module-doc-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/Modules/SwiftQueue.swiftdoc -emit-module-source-info-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/Modules/SwiftQueue.swiftsourceinfo -emit-objc-header-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/SwiftQueue.build/include/SwiftQueue-Swift.h -serialize-diagnostics-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/SwiftQueue.build/SwiftQueue.emit-module.dia -emit-dependencies-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/SwiftQueue.build/SwiftQueue.emit-module.d -parse-as-library -o /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/Modules/SwiftQueue.swiftmodule
/usr/bin/swift-frontend -frontend -c -primary-file /tmp/chord/.build/checkouts/SwiftQueue/Sources/SwiftQueue/LinkedList.swift /tmp/chord/.build/checkouts/SwiftQueue/Sources/SwiftQueue/Queue.swift -emit-dependencies-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/SwiftQueue.build/LinkedList.d -emit-reference-dependencies-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/SwiftQueue.build/LinkedList.swiftdeps -serialize-diagnostics-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/SwiftQueue.build/LinkedList.dia -target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -disable-objc-interop -I /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/Modules -color-diagnostics -Xcc -fcolor-diagnostics -enable-testing -g -debug-info-format=dwarf -dwarf-version=4 -module-cache-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/ModuleCache -suppress-warnings -swift-version 5 -Onone -D SWIFT_PACKAGE -D DEBUG -D SWIFT_MODULE_RESOURCE_BUNDLE_UNAVAILABLE -empty-abi-descriptor -enable-anonymous-context-mangled-names -file-compilation-dir /tmp/chord -Xcc -fPIC -Xcc -g -Xcc -fno-omit-frame-pointer -no-auto-bridging-header-chaining -module-name SwiftQueue -in-process-plugin-server-path /usr/lib/swift/host/libSwiftInProcPluginServer.so -plugin-path /usr/lib/swift/host/plugins -plugin-path /usr/local/lib/swift/host/plugins -parse-as-library -o /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/SwiftQueue.build/LinkedList.swift.o -index-store-path /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/index/store -index-system-modules
/usr/bin/swift-frontend -modulewrap /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/Modules/SwiftQueue.swiftmodule -target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -o /tmp/chord/.build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/debug/Modules/SwiftQueue.o