Instead, define it in build/make/Makefile.in.
With this ticket, the MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET handling uses a new (unexported) configuration variable defined by sage-env-config; see also #30711.
This cleans up the sage runtime environment - one fewer environment variable.
It is also preparation for #29013.
CC: @jhpalmieri @dimpase @kiwifb
Component: build: configure
Author: Matthias Koeppe
Branch/Commit: 4bfa0ea
Reviewer: Dima Pasechnik
Issue created by migration from https://trac.sagemath.org/ticket/30724