As reported in Ask SageMath question #46915:
sage: x,y = var('x,y', domain=RR)
sage: solve(x == 0, x, y)
gives an error message (unlike variants without assumptions, solving for a single variable, or adding a dummy equation).
It can be traced as follows: in sage/symbolic/relation.py the function solve calls _solve_expression to handle the single expression case. This (by default) uses the Maxima interface to create an initial list of solutions X, which is then filtered according to assumptions(). This filtering assumes that each solution in X is a single equation (it calls .lhs() on elements of X), which is not true in the case of multiple variables.
Component: symbolics
Keywords: solve, assumptions, domain
Issue created by migration from https://trac.sagemath.org/ticket/27998