8305896: Alternative full GC forwarding

[rkennke]

Currently, the full-GC modes of Serial, Parallel, Shenandoah and G1 GCs are forwarding objects by over-writing the object header with the new object location. Unfortunately, for compact object headers (JDK-8294992) this would not work, because the crucial class information is also stored in the header, and we could no longer iterate over objects until the headers would be restored. Also, the preserved-headers tables would grow quite large because now all headers would be 'interesting' and would have to be preserved.

I propose to use an alternative encoding for full-GC (sliding-GC) so that the forwarding information fits into the lowest 32 bits of the header. The encoding is similar to compressed-oops encoding: it basically subtracts the forwardee address from the heap-base, shifts that difference into the right place, and sets the lowest two bits (to indicate 'forwarded' state as usual).

The current implementation preserves the upper 32 bits of the mark-word. This leaves 30 bits for encoding the forwardee, enough for 8GB of heap. As soon as we get Tiny Class-Pointers (planned as part of compact headers upstreaming), we only need 22 bits for the narrow Klass*, and can use 40 bits for forwardee encoding. That's enough for 8TB of heap. If somebody wants to run with larger heap than this, compact headers would be disabled. This change also adds some infrastructure to configure the flags, with the code commented out, to illustrate the intended use.

An earlier approach to address the problem has been proposed in #13582. This has been implemented under the assumption that we would only have 30 bits to encode the forwardee. In the light of changed plans, I don't think it's worth the added complexity and risk of slight performance issues. I will revisit it in the future, for 4-byte-headers.

I also experimented with a different forwarding approach that would use per-region hashtables, but gave up on it for now, because performance was significantly worse than the sliding forwarding encoding.

This is in preparation of upstreaming compact object headers, and I intend to push it only once all the parts have been approved.

Testing:

• hotspot_gc
• tier1
• tier2
• tier3
• tier4

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Progress

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Integration blocker

 ⚠️ Dependency #20603 must be integrated first

Issue

• JDK-8305896: Alternative full GC forwarding (Enhancement - P4)

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[openjdk]

@rkennke The following labels will be automatically applied to this pull request:

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[rkennke]

/label remove shenandoah
/label remove hotspot
/label add hotspot-gc

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Webrevs

• 02: Full - Incremental (d5f735fa)
• 01: Full - Incremental (932ee693)
• 00: Full (b6eafc76)

[openjdk]

⚠️ @rkennke This pull request contains merges that bring in commits not present in the target repository. Since this is not a "merge style" pull request, these changes will be squashed when this pull request in integrated. If this is your intention, then please ignore this message. If you want to preserve the commit structure, you must change the title of this pull request to Merge <project>:<branch> where <project> is the name of another project in the OpenJDK organization (for example Merge jdk:master).

[rkennke]

Superseding by #20677