Add docs and new future for time_delta.py

[lighting9999]

1. Type Hints: Added comprehensive type hints for better code documentation and IDE support.
2. Modular Design:
   · Separated functionality into distinct functions with single responsibilities
   · Improved readability and maintainability
3. Error Handling:
   · Added try-except blocks to handle potential input errors
   · Provides meaningful error messages
4. Documentation:
   · Comprehensive docstrings following Python docstring conventions
   · Clear explanations of function purposes, parameters, and return values
5. Code Clarity:
   · Used descriptive variable names
   · Added comments where necessary for clarification
   · Maintained the original algorithm's efficiency
6. Python 3.13.7 Compatibility:
   · Uses features compatible with the specified Python version
   · Follows modern Python coding practices