Add error handling for token acquisition in getUser and fix state retrieval

[captainsafia]

Description

This PR fixes bugs that prevented users from being redirected back to the page they were on after logging in and from successfully signing in again after their refresh tokens expire.

Technical Description

If retrieving the users tokens fails (for example, due to an expired refresh token), then trigger sign-in again:

aspnetcore/src/Components/WebAssembly/Authentication.Msal/src/Interop/AuthenticationService.ts

Lines 104 to 110 in 1489438

	try {
	const response = await this._msalApplication.acquireTokenSilent(silentRequest);
	return response.idTokenClaims;
	} catch (e) {
	await this.signInCore(silentRequest);
	}
	}

Pass the state containing the redirect URL when completing sign-in. Return this state from the redirectCallback:

aspnetcore/src/Components/WebAssembly/Authentication.Msal/src/Interop/AuthenticationService.ts

Lines 231 to 234 in 1489438

	var state = await this._redirectCallback;
	if (state) {
	return this.success(state.state);
	}

Process state in redirectCallback after sign-in or sign-out:

aspnetcore/src/Components/WebAssembly/Authentication.Msal/src/Interop/AuthenticationService.ts

Lines 327 to 331 in 1489438

	if (result?.state) {
	return this.success(this.retrieveState(result.state));
	}
	return this.operationCompleted();
	}

Customer Impact

This PR addresses user-reported issues in the JavaScript client for MS Identity-based authentication in Blazor WebAssembly.

These bugs prevent users from completely integrating authentication into their Blazor WASM apps.

There are no viable workarounds or acceptable alternatives to these bugs.

Regression?

Yes, the changes are a regression from 3.1.

Risk

Low, because this covers a well-defined area (MSAL-based authentication in Blazor WebAssembly) and the following test scenarios were manually validated. The changes made for handling refresh token expiration are those recommended by MS Identity.

Validation

• Navigate to authorized view, login, logout (Azure AD, Redirect Mode)
• Navigate to authorized view, login, logout (Azure AD, Pop-up Mode)
• Navigate to authorized view, login, logout (Azure B2C, Pop-up Mode)
• Navigate to authorized view, login, logout (Azure B2C, Redirect Mode)
• Pending: Navigate to page with expired token (Azure AD, Redirect Mode)

Addresses #28151, #28330

[ghost]

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