Switch to using modern Python union syntax

src/basilisp/cli.py

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 import sys
 import textwrap
 import types
-from collections.abc import Sequence
+from collections.abc import Callable, Sequence
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Union
+from typing import Any, Union
 
 from basilisp import main as basilisp
 from basilisp.lang import compiler as compiler
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ def prepend_once(path: str) -> None:
         prepend_once(unsafe_path)
 
 
-def _to_bool(v: Optional[str]) -> Optional[bool]:
+def _to_bool(v: str | None) -> bool | None:
     """Coerce a string argument to a boolean value, if possible."""
     if v is None:
         return v
@@ -389,8 +389,8 @@ def _add_runtime_arg_group(parser: argparse.ArgumentParser) -> None:
 def _subcommand(
     subcommand: str,
     *,
-    help: Optional[str] = None,  # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
-    description: Optional[str] = None,
+    help: str | None = None,  # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
+    description: str | None = None,
     handler: Handler,
     allows_extra: bool = False,
 ) -> Callable[
@@ -820,7 +820,7 @@ def run_script():
     os.execvp("basilisp", args)  # nosec B606, B607
 
 
-def invoke_cli(args: Optional[Sequence[str]] = None) -> None:
+def invoke_cli(args: Sequence[str] | None = None) -> None:
     """Entrypoint to run the Basilisp CLI."""
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
         description="Basilisp is a Lisp dialect inspired by Clojure targeting Python 3."

src/basilisp/contrib/pytest/testrunner.py

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 import os
 import sys
 import traceback
-from collections.abc import Iterable, Iterator
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable, Iterator
 from pathlib import Path
 from types import GeneratorType
-from typing import Callable, Optional
+from typing import Optional
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ def __init__(self, fixtures: Iterable[FixtureFunction]):
         self._teardowns: Iterable[FixtureTeardown] = ()
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _run_fixture(fixture: FixtureFunction) -> Optional[Iterator[None]]:
+    def _run_fixture(fixture: FixtureFunction) -> Iterator[None] | None:
         """Run a fixture function. If the fixture is a generator function, return the
         generator/coroutine. Otherwise, simply return the value from the function, if
         one."""
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ class BasilispFile(pytest.File):
 
     def __init__(self, **kwargs) -> None:
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
-        self._fixture_manager: Optional[FixtureManager] = None
+        self._fixture_manager: FixtureManager | None = None
 
     @staticmethod
     def _collected_fixtures(
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ def _import_module(self) -> runtime.BasilispModule:
         modnames = _get_fully_qualified_module_names(self.path)
         assert modnames, "Must have at least one module name"
 
-        exc: Optional[ModuleNotFoundError] = None
+        exc: ModuleNotFoundError | None = None
         for modname in modnames:
             try:
                 module = importlib.import_module(modname)
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ def runtest(self):
         If any tests fail, raise an ExceptionInfo exception with the test failures.
         PyTest will invoke self.repr_failure to display the failures to the user."""
         results: lmap.PersistentMap = self._run_test()
-        failures: Optional[vec.PersistentVector] = results.val_at(_FAILURES_KW)
+        failures: vec.PersistentVector | None = results.val_at(_FAILURES_KW)
         if runtime.to_seq(failures):
             raise TestFailuresInfo("Test failures", lmap.map(results))
 
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ def repr_failure(self, excinfo, style=None):
     def reportinfo(self):
         return self.fspath, 0, self.name
 
-    def _error_msg(self, exc: Exception, line: Optional[int] = None) -> str:
+    def _error_msg(self, exc: Exception, line: int | None = None) -> str:
         line_msg = Maybe(line).map(lambda l: f":{l}").or_else_get("")
         messages = [f"ERROR in ({self.name}) ({self._filename}{line_msg})", "\n\n"]
         messages.extend(traceback.format_exception(Exception, exc, exc.__traceback__))

src/basilisp/contrib/sphinx/autodoc.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import logging
 import sys
 import types
-from typing import Any, Optional, cast
+from typing import Any, cast
 
 from sphinx.ext.autodoc import (
     ClassDocumenter,
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 _METHODS_KW = kw.keyword("methods")
 
 
-def _get_doc(reference: IReference) -> Optional[list[list[str]]]:
+def _get_doc(reference: IReference) -> list[list[str]] | None:
     """Return the docstring of an IReference type (e.g. Namespace or Var)."""
     docstring = reference.meta and reference.meta.val_at(_DOC_KW)
     if docstring is None:
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class NamespaceDocumenter(Documenter):
         "deprecated": bool_option,
     }
 
-    object: Optional[runtime.Namespace]
+    object: runtime.Namespace | None
 
     @classmethod
     def can_document_member(
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ def import_object(self, raiseerror: bool = False) -> bool:
         self.module = ns.module
         return True
 
-    def get_doc(self) -> Optional[list[list[str]]]:
+    def get_doc(self) -> list[list[str]] | None:
         assert self.object is not None
         return _get_doc(self.object)
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ def filter_members(
                 continue
             if val.meta is not None:
                 # Ignore undocumented members unless undoc_members is set
-                docstring: Optional[str] = val.meta.val_at(_DOC_KW)
+                docstring: str | None = val.meta.val_at(_DOC_KW)
                 if docstring is None and not self.options.undoc_members:
                     continue
                 # Private members will be excluded unless they are requested
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ class VarDocumenter(Documenter):
         "deprecated": bool_option,
     }
 
-    object: Optional[runtime.Var]
+    object: runtime.Var | None
 
     @classmethod
     def can_document_member(
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ def add_directive_header(self, sig: str) -> None:
             if self.object.meta.val_at(_DEPRECATED_KW):
                 self.add_line("   :deprecated:", sourcename)
 
-    def get_doc(self) -> Optional[list[list[str]]]:
+    def get_doc(self) -> list[list[str]] | None:
         assert self.object is not None
         return _get_doc(self.object)
 

src/basilisp/contrib/sphinx/domain.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import logging
 from collections import defaultdict
 from collections.abc import Iterable
-from typing import Any, NamedTuple, Optional, Union, cast
+from typing import Any, NamedTuple, cast
 
 from docutils import nodes
 from docutils.nodes import Element, Node
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ class BasilispNamespaceIndex(Index):
     shortname = "namespaces"
 
     def generate(  # pylint: disable=too-many-locals
-        self, docnames: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None
+        self, docnames: Iterable[str] | None = None
     ) -> tuple[list[tuple[str, list[IndexEntry]]], bool]:
         content: dict[str, list[IndexEntry]] = defaultdict(list)
 
@@ -548,10 +548,10 @@ def resolve_xref(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
         target: str,
         node: pending_xref,
         contnode: Element,
-    ) -> Optional[Element]:
+    ) -> Element | None:
         nsname = node.get("lpy:namespace")
 
-        maybe_obj: Union[FormEntry, NamespaceEntry, VarEntry, None]
+        maybe_obj: FormEntry | NamespaceEntry | VarEntry | None
         reftype = node.get("reftype")
         if reftype == "ns":
             maybe_obj = self.namespaces.get(target)

src/basilisp/importer.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 from functools import lru_cache
 from importlib.abc import MetaPathFinder, SourceLoader
 from importlib.machinery import ModuleSpec
-from typing import Any, Optional, cast
+from typing import Any, cast
 
 from typing_extensions import TypedDict
 
@@ -144,9 +144,9 @@ def __init__(self):
     def find_spec(
         self,
         fullname: str,
-        path: Optional[Sequence[str]],
-        target: Optional[types.ModuleType] = None,
-    ) -> Optional[ModuleSpec]:
+        path: Sequence[str] | None,
+        target: types.ModuleType | None = None,
+    ) -> ModuleSpec | None:
         """Find the ModuleSpec for the specified Basilisp module.
 
         Returns None if the module is not a Basilisp module to allow import processing to continue.
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ def get_filename(self, fullname: str) -> str:
             assert spec is not None, "spec must be defined here"
         return spec.loader_state["filename"]
 
-    def get_code(self, fullname: str) -> Optional[types.CodeType]:
+    def get_code(self, fullname: str) -> types.CodeType | None:
         """Return code to load a Basilisp module.
 
         This function is part of the ABC for `importlib.abc.ExecutionLoader` which is

src/basilisp/lang/atom.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import threading
-from typing import Callable, Generic, Optional, TypeVar
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from typing import Concatenate, Generic, TypeVar
 
-from typing_extensions import Concatenate, ParamSpec
+from typing_extensions import ParamSpec
 
 from basilisp.lang import map as lmap
 from basilisp.lang.interfaces import IPersistentMap, RefValidator
@@ -17,10 +18,10 @@ class Atom(RefBase[T], Generic[T]):
     def __init__(
         self,
         state: T,
-        meta: Optional[IPersistentMap] = None,
-        validator: Optional[RefValidator] = None,
+        meta: IPersistentMap | None = None,
+        validator: RefValidator | None = None,
     ) -> None:
-        self._meta: Optional[IPersistentMap] = meta
+        self._meta: IPersistentMap | None = meta
         self._state = state
         self._lock = threading.RLock()
         self._watches = lmap.EMPTY

src/basilisp/lang/compiler/__init__.py

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 import os
 import types
 from ast import unparse
-from collections.abc import Iterable
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Callable, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from basilisp.lang import list as llist
 from basilisp.lang import map as lmap
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def to_py_str(t: ast.AST) -> str:
 class CompilerContext:
     __slots__ = ("_filename", "_actx", "_gctx", "_optimizer")
 
-    def __init__(self, filename: str, opts: Optional[CompilerOpts] = None):
+    def __init__(self, filename: str, opts: CompilerOpts | None = None):
         self._filename = filename
         self._actx = AnalyzerContext(filename=filename, opts=opts)
         self._gctx = GeneratorContext(filename=filename, opts=opts)
@@ -84,15 +84,15 @@ def py_ast_optimizer(self) -> PythonASTOptimizer:
 
 
 def compiler_opts(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
-    generate_auto_inlines: Optional[bool] = None,
-    inline_functions: Optional[bool] = None,
-    warn_on_arity_mismatch: Optional[bool] = None,
-    warn_on_shadowed_name: Optional[bool] = None,
-    warn_on_shadowed_var: Optional[bool] = None,
-    warn_on_unused_names: Optional[bool] = None,
-    warn_on_non_dynamic_set: Optional[bool] = None,
-    use_var_indirection: Optional[bool] = None,
-    warn_on_var_indirection: Optional[bool] = None,
+    generate_auto_inlines: bool | None = None,
+    inline_functions: bool | None = None,
+    warn_on_arity_mismatch: bool | None = None,
+    warn_on_shadowed_name: bool | None = None,
+    warn_on_shadowed_var: bool | None = None,
+    warn_on_unused_names: bool | None = None,
+    warn_on_non_dynamic_set: bool | None = None,
+    use_var_indirection: bool | None = None,
+    warn_on_var_indirection: bool | None = None,
 ) -> CompilerOpts:
     """Return a map of compiler options with defaults applied."""
     return lmap.map(
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ def compile_and_exec_form(
     ctx: CompilerContext,
     ns: runtime.Namespace,
     wrapped_fn_name: str = _DEFAULT_FN,
-    collect_bytecode: Optional[BytecodeCollector] = None,
+    collect_bytecode: BytecodeCollector | None = None,
 ) -> Any:
     """Compile and execute the given form. This function will be most useful
     for the REPL and testing purposes. Returns the result of the executed expression.
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ def _incremental_compile_module(
     py_ast: GeneratedPyAST,
     module: BasilispModule,
     source_filename: str,
-    collect_bytecode: Optional[BytecodeCollector] = None,
+    collect_bytecode: BytecodeCollector | None = None,
 ) -> None:
     """Incrementally compile a stream of AST nodes in module mod.
 
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ def _bootstrap_module(
     gctx: GeneratorContext,
     optimizer: PythonASTOptimizer,
     module: BasilispModule,
-    collect_bytecode: Optional[BytecodeCollector] = None,
+    collect_bytecode: BytecodeCollector | None = None,
 ) -> None:
     """Bootstrap a new module with imports and other boilerplate."""
     _incremental_compile_module(
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ def compile_module(
     forms: Iterable[ReaderForm],
     ctx: CompilerContext,
     module: BasilispModule,
-    collect_bytecode: Optional[BytecodeCollector] = None,
+    collect_bytecode: BytecodeCollector | None = None,
 ) -> None:
     """Compile an entire Basilisp module into Python bytecode which can be
     executed as a Python module.
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ def load(
     path: str,
     ctx: CompilerContext,
     ns: runtime.Namespace,
-    collect_bytecode: Optional[BytecodeCollector] = None,
+    collect_bytecode: BytecodeCollector | None = None,
 ) -> Any:
     """Call :lpy:fn:`basilisp.core/load` with the given ``path``, returning the
     result."""
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ def load_file(
     path: Path,
     ctx: CompilerContext,
     ns: runtime.Namespace,
-    collect_bytecode: Optional[BytecodeCollector] = None,
+    collect_bytecode: BytecodeCollector | None = None,
 ) -> Any:
     """Call :lpy:fn:`basilisp.core/load-file` with the given ``path``, returning the
     result."""