Shhhh! Central Library Management System

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Project Overview

Build a comprehensive Library Management System that demonstrates encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism through a real-world application.

Learning Objectives

Design

• To demonstrate the four pillars of OOP
  • Master encapsulation through proper data hiding and access control
  • Implement abstraction using abstract classes and interfaces
  • Apply inheritance to create class hierarchies
  • Demonstrate polymorphism through method overriding and dynamic binding

Implementation

• Use JUnit to develop useful test modules
• Document components
• Comment code

Setting the Scene...

Consider a system in which

• Address has a street, city, state, and zipCode.
• Searchable item matchesKeyword by searching getSearchableFields to if any contain a defined String.
• Reservable item can be reserve or cancelReserve by a LibraryMember. depending on their isReserved flag.
• LibraryItem is Searchable, and has an id, title, location and availability based on its isAvailable flag. LibraryItem can be checkOut and checkIn, which sets their isAvailable flag. LibraryItem must be able to calculateLateFee, getMaxBorrowDays and getItemType.
  • Book is a LibraryItem that has author, isbn, number of pages and genre. The SearchableFields of Book are title, author, genre and isbn. Book is Reservable, and has a late fee of $0.50 per day, can be borrowed for 14 days, and is type Book.
  • Periodical is a LibraryItem that has publisher, issn, volume, issueNumber and publicationDate. SearchableFields of Periodical are title, publisher and issn. Periodical has a late fee of $0.25 per day, can be borrowed for 7 days, and is type Periodical.
  • DVD is a LibraryItem that has director, minutes of duration, rating, and genre. The SearchableFields of DVD are title, director and genre. DVD is Reservable, and has a late fee of $1.00 per day, can be borrowed for 7 days, and is type DVD.
• Person has a name, age, email, and phonenumber.
  • Librarian is a Person that has employeeId, department and salary. A Librarian can addItemToLibrary and removeItemFromLibrary.
  • LibraryMember is a Person that has memberId, membershipDate, List of borrowedItems which are LibraryItems, outstandingFees, and address. LibraryMember can borrowItem, which checkOut item and adds item to borrowedItems; can returnItem, which checkIn item, removes item from borrowedItems, and calcuateLateFee based on item and daysLate; and can payFees, which reduces outstandingFees by amount.
• Library has name, address, items is a List of LibraryItem, members is a List of LibraryMember, librarians is a List of Librarian. Library can addItem, removeItem, which adds or removes LibraryItem to or from items;addMember, which adds LibraryMember to members; addLibrarian, which adds Librarian to librarians; and search, which searches items for a String keyword; displayAllItems lists the item type, title and availability; generateLateFeeReport lists the member name, and their list of borrowedItems, including title, maxBorrowDays and calculateLateFee.

Establishing The Plot

• Hypatia, is the Librarian of Central Library, at 123 Main St, Alexandra, DE 12345. Her employeeId is L001, and she makes $45000 a year. The Library has
  • 2 Book.
    • B001 is Java Programming by John Doe, 500 pages, located in A1, isbn is 978-1234567890, genre is Programming.
    • B002 is Data Structures by Jane Smith, 400 pages, located in A2, isbn is 978-0987654321, genre is Computer Science.
  • 2 Periodical.
    • P001 is Byte published by McGraw-Hill, Inc., vol 6, issue 8, located in P1, issn is 0360-5280, published 08/01/1981.
    • P002 is Dr. Dobb's Journal published by M&T Publishing, Inc., vol 10, issue 6, located in P1, issn is 0278-6508, published 06/01/1985.
  • 1 DVD.
    • D001 is The Matrix, directed by Wachowski Sisters, 136 minutes, rated R, located in D1, genre is Sci-Fi.
  • 2 LibraryMember.
    • M001 is Alice Johnson, age 25, email [email protected], phoneNumber 555-1234, address is 456 Oak St, Bookville, MD 12347.
    • M002 is Bob Wilson, age 35, email [email protected], phoneNumber 555-4321, address is 654 Maple St, Media, PA 12346.

The Game is Afoot

Day 1: Encapsulation

Day 1: Tasks

• Create Base Classes with Proper Encapsulation (Afternoon)
• Create Test Class to Validate Base Classes (Evening)
  • Encapsulaton Test Class

Day 1: Deliverables

• Implement base classes with proper encapsulation
• Create a test class to demonstrate data hiding
• Write validation in setters to show controlled access

Day 2: Abstraction and Inheritance

Day 2: Tasks

• Create Abstract Base Classes and Interfaces (Morning)
• Create Concrete Classes Using Inheritance (Afternoon)
• Create Test Class to Validate Inherited Classes (Evening)
  • Inheritance Test Class

Day 2: Deliverables

• Implement abstract class and interfaces
• Implement Book, DVD and Periodical classes
• Test inheritance relationships
• Test method overriding
• Design class hierarchy diagram

Day 3: Polymorphism and System Integration

Day 3: Tasks

• Implement User Classes and Demonstrate Polymorphism (Morning)
• Create Main Library System

Day 3: Deliverables

• Implement member and librarian classes
• Implement polymorphic search and reporting
• Create polymorphic method calls demonstration
• Complete Library management system

Climax and Denouement

• Create test cases that describe the Library, its items, members and librarians.
• Generate a late fee report.

Planning & Execution of Design

ask yourselves:

• What are Lists and ArrayLists?
• How can they be used here?