[SPARK-50485][SQL] Unwrap SparkThrowable in (Unchecked)ExecutionException thrown by tableRelationCache

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR unwraps SparkThrowable in (Unchecked)ExecutionException thrown by tableRelationCache
### Why are the changes needed?

The guava cache library wraps exceptions thrown by `c: Callable[LogicalPlan]` as `(Unchecked)ExecutionException`s. This makes our code paths of special handling for SparkThrowable inoperative. For example, this kind of error in spark-sql cli is very lengthy.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

Yes, when you visit an invalid plan in the table cache layer, you will get the original spark error instead of getting them under `(Unchecked)ExecutionException`s

### How was this patch tested?
new tests

### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

no

Closes apache#49050 from yaooqinn/SPARK-50485.

Authored-by: Kent Yao <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Max Gekk <[email protected]>

Author: yaooqinn

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/catalog/SessionCatalog.scala

@@ -19,18 +19,18 @@ package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.catalog
 
 import java.net.URI
 import java.util.Locale
-import java.util.concurrent.Callable
-import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
+import java.util.concurrent.{Callable, ExecutionException, TimeUnit}
 import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy
 
 import scala.collection.mutable
 import scala.util.{Failure, Success, Try}
 
 import com.google.common.cache.{Cache, CacheBuilder}
+import com.google.common.util.concurrent.UncheckedExecutionException
 import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path
 
-import org.apache.spark.SparkException
+import org.apache.spark.{SparkException, SparkThrowable}
 import org.apache.spark.internal.Logging
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis._
@@ -210,7 +210,13 @@ class SessionCatalog(
 
   /** This method provides a way to get a cached plan. */
   def getCachedPlan(t: QualifiedTableName, c: Callable[LogicalPlan]): LogicalPlan = {
-    tableRelationCache.get(t, c)
+    try {
+      tableRelationCache.get(t, c)
+    } catch {
+      case e @ (_: ExecutionException | _: UncheckedExecutionException)
+          if e.getCause != null && e.getCause.isInstanceOf[SparkThrowable] =>
+        throw e.getCause
+    }
   }
 
   /** This method provides a way to get a cached plan if the key exists. */

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/errors/QueryExecutionErrorsSuite.scala

@@ -1258,6 +1258,22 @@ class QueryExecutionErrorsSuite
       )
     )
   }
+
+  test("SPARK-50485: Unwrap SparkThrowable in UEE thrown by tableRelationCache") {
+    withTable("t") {
+      sql("CREATE TABLE t (a INT)")
+      checkError(
+        exception = intercept[SparkUnsupportedOperationException] {
+          sql("ALTER TABLE t SET LOCATION 'https://mister/spark'")
+        },
+        condition = "FAILED_READ_FILE.UNSUPPORTED_FILE_SYSTEM",
+        parameters = Map(
+          "path" -> "https://mister/spark",
+          "fileSystemClass" -> "org.apache.hadoop.fs.http.HttpsFileSystem",
+          "method" -> "listStatus"))
+      sql("ALTER TABLE t SET LOCATION '/mister/spark'")
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 class FakeFileSystemSetPermission extends LocalFileSystem {