[Python] Make flake8 linting pass without errors/warning (w/ default rules)

practicalswift · practicalswift · commit 1edb62dc3811 · 2016-03-13T20:19:51.000+01:00
diff --git a/.pep8 b/.pep8
@@ -1,3 +1,2 @@
 [flake8]
 filename = *.py,Benchmark_Driver,Benchmark_DTrace.in,Benchmark_GuardMalloc.in,Benchmark_RuntimeLeaksRunner.in,build-script,gyb,line-directive,ns-html2rst,recursive-lipo,rth,submit-benchmark-results,update-checkout,viewcfg
-max-line-length = 80
diff --git a/benchmark/scripts/Benchmark_DTrace.in b/benchmark/scripts/Benchmark_DTrace.in
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
-# ===--- Benchmark_DTrace.in ----------------------------------------------===//
+# ===--- Benchmark_DTrace.in ---------------------------------------------===//
 #
 #  This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
 #
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #  See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
 #  See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
 #
-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 import argparse
 import os
diff --git a/benchmark/scripts/Benchmark_Driver b/benchmark/scripts/Benchmark_Driver
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
-# ===--- Benchmark_Driver -------------------------------------------------===//
+# ===--- Benchmark_Driver ------------------------------------------------===//
 #
 #  This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
 #
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #  See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
 #  See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
 #
-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 import argparse
 import datetime
@@ -109,10 +109,10 @@ def instrument_test(driver_path, test, num_samples):
         avg_test_output[i] = int(round(avg_test_output[i] /
                                        float(len(test_outputs))))
     avg_test_output[num_samples_index] = num_samples
-    avg_test_output[min_index] = min(test_outputs,
-                                     key=lambda x: int(x[min_index]))[min_index]
-    avg_test_output[max_index] = max(test_outputs,
-                                     key=lambda x: int(x[max_index]))[max_index]
+    avg_test_output[min_index] = min(
+        test_outputs, key=lambda x: int(x[min_index]))[min_index]
+    avg_test_output[max_index] = max(
+        test_outputs, key=lambda x: int(x[max_index]))[max_index]
     avg_test_output = map(str, avg_test_output)
 
     return avg_test_output
diff --git a/benchmark/scripts/Benchmark_GuardMalloc.in b/benchmark/scripts/Benchmark_GuardMalloc.in
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
-# ===--- Benchmark_GuardMalloc.in -----------------------------------------===//
+# ===--- Benchmark_GuardMalloc.in ----------------------------------------===//
 #
 #  This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
 #
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #  See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
 #  See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
 #
-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 import os
 import subprocess
diff --git a/benchmark/scripts/Benchmark_RuntimeLeaksRunner.in b/benchmark/scripts/Benchmark_RuntimeLeaksRunner.in
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
-# ===--- Benchmark_RuntimeLeaksRunner.in ----------------------------------===//
+# ===--- Benchmark_RuntimeLeaksRunner.in ---------------------------------===//
 #
 #  This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
 #
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #  See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
 #  See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
 #
-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 import json
 import os
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ import perf_test_driver  # noqa (E402 module level import not at top of file)
 XFAIL_LIST = [
 ]
 
-# Global objective-c classes created by various frameworks. We do not care about
-# these.
+# Global objective-c classes created by various frameworks. We do not care
+# about these.
 IGNORABLE_GLOBAL_OBJC_CLASSES = set([
     '__NSPlaceholderDate',
     'NSCache',
diff --git a/benchmark/scripts/compare_perf_tests.py b/benchmark/scripts/compare_perf_tests.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/python
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
-# ===--- compare_perf_tests.py --------------------------------------------===//
+# ===--- compare_perf_tests.py -------------------------------------------===//
 #
 #  This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
 #
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #  See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
 #  See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
 #
-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 # e.g.
 # repeat.sh 3 tot/bin/Benchmark_Driver run -o -O > tot.O.times
@@ -136,7 +136,8 @@ def compare_scores(key, score1, worstsample1, score2, worstsample2, runs, num):
 
     if bestscore1 != 0 and bestscore2 != 0:
         print(("%+.1f%%" %
-               (((float(bestscore2) / bestscore1) - 1) * 100)).rjust(9), end="")
+               (((float(bestscore2) / bestscore1) - 1) * 100)).rjust(9),
+              end="")
         if ShowSpeedup:
             Num, Den = float(bestscore2), float(bestscore1)
             if IsTime:
diff --git a/benchmark/scripts/generate_harness/generate_harness.py b/benchmark/scripts/generate_harness/generate_harness.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
-# ===--- generate_harness.py ----------------------------------------------===//
+# ===--- generate_harness.py ---------------------------------------------===//
 #
 #  This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
 #
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #  See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
 #  See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
 #
-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 # Generate CMakeLists.txt and utils/main.swift from templates.
 
diff --git a/benchmark/scripts/perf_test_driver/perf_test_driver.py b/benchmark/scripts/perf_test_driver/perf_test_driver.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
-# ===--- perf_test_driver.py ----------------------------------------------===//
+# ===--- perf_test_driver.py ---------------------------------------------===//
 #
 #  This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
 #
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #  See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
 #  See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
 #
-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 import multiprocessing
 import os
diff --git a/benchmark/utils/convertToJSON.py b/benchmark/utils/convertToJSON.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 
-# ===--- convertToJSON.py -------------------------------------------------===//
+# ===--- convertToJSON.py ------------------------------------------------===//
 #
 #  This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
 #
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #  See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
 #  See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
 #
-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 # This script converts results from pre-commit benchmark tests to JSON.
 # Usage: PrecommitBench_O | convertToJSON.py
diff --git a/docs/conf.py b/docs/conf.py
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #
 # Swift documentation build configuration file.
 #
-# This file is execfile()d with the current directory set to its containing dir.
+# This file is execfile()d with the current directory set to its containing
+# dir.
 #
 # Note that not all possible configuration values are present in this
 # autogenerated file.
@@ -23,8 +24,8 @@
 # If your documentation needs a minimal Sphinx version, state it here.
 # needs_sphinx = '1.0'
 
-# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be extensions
-# coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom ones.
+# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
+# extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom ones.
 extensions = ['sphinx.ext.intersphinx', 'sphinx.ext.todo']
 
 # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
@@ -66,7 +67,8 @@
 # directories to ignore when looking for source files.
 exclude_patterns = ['_build']
 
-# The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all documents.
+# The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all
+# documents.
 # default_role = None
 
 # If true, '()' will be appended to :func: etc. cross-reference text.
@@ -190,7 +192,8 @@
 }
 
 # Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
-# (source start file, target name, title, author, documentclass [howto/manual]).
+# (source start file, target name, title, author, documentclass
+# [howto/manual]).
 latex_documents = [
     ('contents', 'Swift.tex', u'Swift Documentation',
      u'LLVM project', 'manual'),
diff --git a/utils/GYBUnicodeDataUtils.py b/utils/GYBUnicodeDataUtils.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# ===--- GYBUnicodeDataUtils.py -----------------------*- coding: utf-8 -*-===//
+# ===--- GYBUnicodeDataUtils.py ----------------------*- coding: utf-8 -*-===//
 #
 # This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
 #
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ def __init__(self, grapheme_break_property_file_name):
         for cp in range(0, 0x110000):
             self.property_values[cp] = self.get_default_value()
 
-        for start_code_point, end_code_point, val in self.property_value_ranges:
-            for cp in range(start_code_point, end_code_point + 1):
+        for start_code_pt, end_code_pt, val in self.property_value_ranges:
+            for cp in range(start_code_pt, end_code_pt + 1):
                 self.property_values[cp] = val
 
     def get_default_value(self):
@@ -320,7 +320,8 @@ def get_value(self, cp):
         if cp <= 0xffff:
             data_block_index = self.bmp_lookup[
                 self.get_bmp_first_level_index(cp)]
-            return self.bmp_data[data_block_index][self.get_bmp_data_offset(cp)]
+            return self.bmp_data[data_block_index][
+                self.get_bmp_data_offset(cp)]
         else:
             second_lookup_index = self.supp_lookup1[
                 self.get_supp_first_level_index(cp)]
@@ -552,14 +553,14 @@ def _convert_line(line):
                 pass
             else:
                 code_point = int(token, 16)
-                # Tests from Unicode spec have isolated surrogates in them.  Our
-                # segmentation algorithm works on UTF-8 sequences, so encoding a
-                # surrogate would produce an invalid code unit sequence.
-                # Instead of trying to emulate the maximal subpart algorithm for
-                # inserting U+FFFD in Python, we just replace every isolated
-                # surrogate with U+200B, which also has Grapheme_Cluster_Break
-                # equal to 'Control' and test separately that we handle
-                # ill-formed UTF-8 sequences.
+                # Tests from Unicode spec have isolated surrogates in them.
+                # Our segmentation algorithm works on UTF-8 sequences, so
+                # encoding a surrogate would produce an invalid code unit
+                # sequence. Instead of trying to emulate the maximal subpart
+                # algorithm for inserting U+FFFD in Python, we just replace
+                # every isolated surrogate with U+200B, which also has
+                # Grapheme_Cluster_Break equal to 'Control' and test
+                # separately that we handle ill-formed UTF-8 sequences.
                 if code_point >= 0xd800 and code_point <= 0xdfff:
                     code_point = 0x200b
                 code_point = (b'\U%(cp)08x' % {b'cp': code_point}).decode(
@@ -613,14 +614,14 @@ def _convert_line(line):
                 pass
             else:
                 code_point = int(token, 16)
-                # Tests from Unicode spec have isolated surrogates in them.  Our
+                # Tests from Unicode spec have isolated surrogates in them. Our
                 # segmentation algorithm works on UTF-16 sequences, so encoding
                 # a surrogate would produce an invalid code unit sequence.
-                # Instead of trying to emulate the maximal subpart algorithm for
-                # inserting U+FFFD in Python, we just replace every isolated
-                # surrogate with U+200B, which also has Grapheme_Cluster_Break
-                # equal to 'Control' and test separately that we handle
-                # ill-formed UTF-8 sequences.
+                # Instead of trying to emulate the maximal subpart algorithm
+                # for inserting U+FFFD in Python, we just replace every
+                # isolated surrogate with U+200B, which also has
+                # Grapheme_Cluster_Break equal to 'Control' and test separately
+                # that we handle ill-formed UTF-8 sequences.
                 if code_point >= 0xd800 and code_point <= 0xdfff:
                     code_point = 0x200b
                 test += [code_point]
diff --git a/utils/SwiftIntTypes.py b/utils/SwiftIntTypes.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# ===--- SwiftIntTypes.py -----------------------------*- coding: utf-8 -*-===//
+# ===--- SwiftIntTypes.py ----------------------------*- coding: utf-8 -*-===//
 #
 # This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
 #
diff --git a/utils/build-script b/utils/build-script
@@ -284,7 +284,8 @@ To use it, specify the '--preset=' argument:
 
   [~/src/s]$ ./swift/utils/build-script --preset=ds
   ./swift/utils/build-script: using preset 'ds', which expands to
-  ./swift/utils/build-script --release --debug-swift --debug-swift-stdlib --test
+  ./swift/utils/build-script --release --debug-swift --debug-swift-stdlib \
+     --test
   --build-subdir=ds --
   ...
 
diff --git a/utils/cmpcodesize/cmpcodesize/compare.py b/utils/cmpcodesize/cmpcodesize/compare.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# ====--- compare.py - Compare built products' sizes --*- coding: utf-8 -*-===//
+# ====--- compare.py - Compare built products' sizes -*- coding: utf-8 -*-===//
 #
 # This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
 #
diff --git a/utils/cmpcodesize/cmpcodesize/main.py b/utils/cmpcodesize/cmpcodesize/main.py
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ def main():
 
 Environment variables:
     SWIFT_NEW_BUILDDIR   The new build-dir
-E.g. $HOME/swiftnew/build/Ninja-ReleaseAssert+stdlib-Release/swift-macosx-x86_64
+E.g. .../swiftnew/build/Ninja-ReleaseAssert+stdlib-Release/swift-macosx-x86_64
     SWIFT_OLD_BUILDDIR   The old build-dir
-E.g. $HOME/swiftold/build/Ninja-ReleaseAssert+stdlib-Release/swift-macosx-x86_64
+E.g. .../swiftold/build/Ninja-ReleaseAssert+stdlib-Release/swift-macosx-x86_64
 
 How to specify files:
 1) No files:
diff --git a/utils/gyb.py b/utils/gyb.py
@@ -360,7 +360,8 @@ def code_starts_with_dedent_keyword(source_lines):
     False
     >>> code_starts_with_dedent_keyword(split_lines('except ifSomethingElse:'))
     True
-    >>> code_starts_with_dedent_keyword(split_lines('\n# comment\nelse: # yes'))
+    >>> code_starts_with_dedent_keyword(
+            split_lines('\n# comment\nelse: # yes'))
     True
     """
     token_text = None
@@ -449,7 +450,7 @@ def token_generator(self, base_tokens):
         ... '''% for x in [1, 2, 3]:
         ... %   if x == 1:
         ... literal1
-        ... %   elif x > 1:  # add an output line after this line to fix the bug
+        ... %   elif x > 1:  # add an output line after this line to fix bug
         ... %     if x == 2:
         ... literal2
         ... %     end
@@ -544,7 +545,8 @@ def next_token(self):
 class ExecutionContext(object):
     """State we pass around during execution of a template"""
 
-    def __init__(self, line_directive='// ###sourceLocation', **local_bindings):
+    def __init__(self, line_directive='// ###sourceLocation',
+                 **local_bindings):
         self.local_bindings = local_bindings
         self.line_directive = line_directive
         self.local_bindings['__context__'] = self
@@ -753,7 +755,7 @@ def parse_template(filename, text=None):
                 {
                     if x == 1:
                         __children__[0].execute(__context__)
-                    elif x > 1: # add output line after this line to fix the bug
+                    elif x > 1: # add output line after this line to fix bug
                         __children__[1].execute(__context__)
                 }
                 [
diff --git a/utils/protocol_graph.py b/utils/protocol_graph.py
diff --git a/utils/pygments/swift.py b/utils/pygments/swift.py
diff --git a/utils/recursive-lipo b/utils/recursive-lipo
diff --git a/utils/submit-benchmark-results b/utils/submit-benchmark-results
diff --git a/utils/swift-api-dump.py b/utils/swift-api-dump.py
diff --git a/utils/swift-bench.py b/utils/swift-bench.py
diff --git a/utils/update-checkout b/utils/update-checkout
diff --git a/validation-test/stdlib/Slice/Inputs/GenerateSliceTests.py b/validation-test/stdlib/Slice/Inputs/GenerateSliceTests.py

Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
`@@ -1,3 +1,2 @@`
`1`	`1`	`[flake8]`
`2`	`2`	`filename = *.py,Benchmark_Driver,Benchmark_DTrace.in,Benchmark_GuardMalloc.in,Benchmark_RuntimeLeaksRunner.in,build-script,gyb,line-directive,ns-html2rst,recursive-lipo,rth,submit-benchmark-results,update-checkout,viewcfg`
`3`		`-max-line-length = 80`
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
`@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@`
`1`	`1`	`#!/usr/bin/env python`
`2`	`2`
`3`		`-# ===--- Benchmark_DTrace.in ----------------------------------------------===//`
	`3`	`+# ===--- Benchmark_DTrace.in ---------------------------------------------===//`
`4`	`4`	`#`
`5`	`5`	`# This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project`
`6`	`6`	`#`
`@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@`
`10`	`10`	`# See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information`
`11`	`11`	`# See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors`
`12`	`12`	`#`
`13`		`-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
	`13`	`+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
`14`	`14`
`15`	`15`	`import argparse`
`16`	`16`	`import os`
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
`@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@`
`1`	`1`	`#!/usr/bin/env python`
`2`	`2`
`3`		`-# ===--- Benchmark_GuardMalloc.in -----------------------------------------===//`
	`3`	`+# ===--- Benchmark_GuardMalloc.in ----------------------------------------===//`
`4`	`4`	`#`
`5`	`5`	`# This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project`
`6`	`6`	`#`
`@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@`
`10`	`10`	`# See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information`
`11`	`11`	`# See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors`
`12`	`12`	`#`
`13`		`-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
	`13`	`+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
`14`	`14`
`15`	`15`	`import os`
`16`	`16`	`import subprocess`
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
`@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@`
`1`	`1`	`#!/usr/bin/env python`
`2`	`2`
`3`		`-# ===--- Benchmark_RuntimeLeaksRunner.in ----------------------------------===//`
	`3`	`+# ===--- Benchmark_RuntimeLeaksRunner.in ---------------------------------===//`
`4`	`4`	`#`
`5`	`5`	`# This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project`
`6`	`6`	`#`
`@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@`
`10`	`10`	`# See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information`
`11`	`11`	`# See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors`
`12`	`12`	`#`
`13`		`-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
	`13`	`+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
`14`	`14`
`15`	`15`	`import json`
`16`	`16`	`import os`
`@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ import perf_test_driver # noqa (E402 module level import not at top of file)`
`26`	`26`	`XFAIL_LIST = [`
`27`	`27`	`]`
`28`	`28`
`29`		`-# Global objective-c classes created by various frameworks. We do not care about`
`30`		`-# these.`
	`29`	`+# Global objective-c classes created by various frameworks. We do not care`
	`30`	`+# about these.`
`31`	`31`	`IGNORABLE_GLOBAL_OBJC_CLASSES = set([`
`32`	`32`	`'__NSPlaceholderDate',`
`33`	`33`	`'NSCache',`
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
`@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@`
`1`	`1`	`#!/usr/bin/env python`
`2`	`2`
`3`		`-# ===--- generate_harness.py ----------------------------------------------===//`
	`3`	`+# ===--- generate_harness.py ---------------------------------------------===//`
`4`	`4`	`#`
`5`	`5`	`# This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project`
`6`	`6`	`#`
`@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@`
`10`	`10`	`# See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information`
`11`	`11`	`# See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors`
`12`	`12`	`#`
`13`		`-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
	`13`	`+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
`14`	`14`
`15`	`15`	`# Generate CMakeLists.txt and utils/main.swift from templates.`
`16`	`16`
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
`@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@`
`1`	`1`	`#!/usr/bin/env python`
`2`	`2`
`3`		`-# ===--- perf_test_driver.py ----------------------------------------------===//`
	`3`	`+# ===--- perf_test_driver.py ---------------------------------------------===//`
`4`	`4`	`#`
`5`	`5`	`# This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project`
`6`	`6`	`#`
`@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@`
`10`	`10`	`# See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information`
`11`	`11`	`# See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors`
`12`	`12`	`#`
`13`		`-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
	`13`	`+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
`14`	`14`
`15`	`15`	`import multiprocessing`
`16`	`16`	`import os`
Original file line number	Diff line number	Diff line change
`@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@`
`1`	`1`	`#!/usr/bin/env python`
`2`	`2`
`3`		`-# ===--- convertToJSON.py -------------------------------------------------===//`
	`3`	`+# ===--- convertToJSON.py ------------------------------------------------===//`
`4`	`4`	`#`
`5`	`5`	`# This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project`
`6`	`6`	`#`
`@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@`
`10`	`10`	`# See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information`
`11`	`11`	`# See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors`
`12`	`12`	`#`
`13`		`-# ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
	`13`	`+# ===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//`
`14`	`14`
`15`	`15`	`# This script converts results from pre-commit benchmark tests to JSON.`
`16`	`16`	`# Usage: PrecommitBench_O \| convertToJSON.py`