diff --git a/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/ABIEntryPoint.swift b/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/ABIEntryPoint.swift
index b18e51e50..81988b126 100644
--- a/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/ABIEntryPoint.swift
+++ b/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/ABIEntryPoint.swift
@@ -118,6 +118,11 @@ private func entryPoint(
 
   let eventHandler = try eventHandlerForStreamingEvents(version: args?.eventStreamVersion, forwardingTo: recordHandler)
   let exitCode = await entryPoint(passing: args, eventHandler: eventHandler)
+
+  // To maintain compatibility with Xcode 16 Beta 1, suppress custom exit codes.
+  if exitCode == EXIT_NO_TESTS_FOUND {
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS
+  }
   return exitCode
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/EntryPoint.swift b/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/EntryPoint.swift
index b10f31c8e..6ed1bbe87 100644
--- a/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/EntryPoint.swift
+++ b/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/EntryPoint.swift
@@ -74,8 +74,13 @@ func entryPoint(passing args: __CommandLineArguments_v0?, eventHandler: Event.Ha
       }
     }
 
+    // The set of matching tests (or, in the case of `swift test list`, the set
+    // of all tests.)
+    let tests: [Test]
+
     if args.listTests ?? false {
-      let tests = await Test.all
+      tests = await Array(Test.all)
+
       if args.verbosity > .min {
         for testID in listTestsForEntryPoint(tests) {
           // Print the test ID to stdout (classical CLI behavior.)
@@ -95,8 +100,20 @@ func entryPoint(passing args: __CommandLineArguments_v0?, eventHandler: Event.Ha
     } else {
       // Run the tests.
       let runner = await Runner(configuration: configuration)
+      tests = runner.tests
       await runner.run()
     }
+
+    // If there were no matching tests, exit with a dedicated exit code so that
+    // the caller (assumed to be Swift Package Manager) can implement special
+    // handling.
+    if tests.isEmpty {
+      exitCode.withLock { exitCode in
+        if exitCode == EXIT_SUCCESS {
+          exitCode = EXIT_NO_TESTS_FOUND
+        }
+      }
+    }
   } catch {
 #if !SWT_NO_FILE_IO
     try? FileHandle.stderr.write(String(describing: error))
diff --git a/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/SwiftPMEntryPoint.swift b/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/SwiftPMEntryPoint.swift
index 118d3a335..7237b95d4 100644
--- a/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/SwiftPMEntryPoint.swift
+++ b/Sources/Testing/ABI/EntryPoints/SwiftPMEntryPoint.swift
@@ -14,6 +14,30 @@
 private import _TestingInternals
 #endif
 
+/// The exit code returned to Swift Package Manager by Swift Testing when no
+/// tests matched the inputs specified by the developer (or, for the case of
+/// `swift test list`, when no tests were found.)
+///
+/// Because Swift Package Manager does not directly link to the testing library,
+/// it duplicates the definition of this constant in its own source. Any changes
+/// to this constant in either package must be mirrored in the other.
+///
+/// Tools authors using the ABI entry point function can determine if no tests
+/// matched the developer's inputs by counting the number of test records passed
+/// to the event handler or written to the event stream output path.
+///
+/// This constant is not part of the public interface of the testing library.
+var EXIT_NO_TESTS_FOUND: CInt {
+#if SWT_TARGET_OS_APPLE || os(Linux)
+  EX_UNAVAILABLE
+#elseif os(Windows)
+  ERROR_NOT_FOUND
+#else
+#warning("Platform-specific implementation missing: value for EXIT_NO_TESTS_FOUND unavailable")
+  return 2 // We're assuming that EXIT_SUCCESS = 0 and EXIT_FAILURE = 1.
+#endif
+}
+
 /// The entry point to the testing library used by Swift Package Manager.
 ///
 /// - Parameters:
diff --git a/Sources/_TestingInternals/include/Includes.h b/Sources/_TestingInternals/include/Includes.h
index c856d4155..94015f47a 100644
--- a/Sources/_TestingInternals/include/Includes.h
+++ b/Sources/_TestingInternals/include/Includes.h
@@ -103,6 +103,10 @@
 #include <dlfcn.h>
 #endif
 
+#if __has_include(<sysexits.h>)
+#include <sysexits.h>
+#endif
+
 #if defined(_WIN32)
 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 #define NOMINMAX
diff --git a/Tests/TestingTests/SwiftPMTests.swift b/Tests/TestingTests/SwiftPMTests.swift
index 4c4547179..6a4ccbc37 100644
--- a/Tests/TestingTests/SwiftPMTests.swift
+++ b/Tests/TestingTests/SwiftPMTests.swift
@@ -29,6 +29,12 @@ struct SwiftPMTests {
     #expect(!CommandLine.arguments.isEmpty)
   }
 
+  @Test("EXIT_NO_TESTS_FOUND is unique")
+  func valueOfEXIT_NO_TESTS_FOUND() {
+    #expect(EXIT_NO_TESTS_FOUND != EXIT_SUCCESS)
+    #expect(EXIT_NO_TESTS_FOUND != EXIT_FAILURE)
+  }
+
   @Test("--parallel/--no-parallel argument")
   func parallel() throws {
     var configuration = try configurationForEntryPoint(withArguments: ["PATH"])
@@ -88,6 +94,14 @@ struct SwiftPMTests {
     }
   }
 
+  @Test("--filter with no matches")
+  func filterWithNoMatches() async {
+    var args = __CommandLineArguments_v0()
+    args.filter = ["NOTHING_MATCHES_THIS_TEST_NAME_HOPEFULLY"]
+    let exitCode = await __swiftPMEntryPoint(passing: args) as CInt
+    #expect(exitCode == EXIT_NO_TESTS_FOUND)
+  }
+
   @Test("--skip argument")
   @available(_regexAPI, *)
   func skip() async throws {