diff --git a/libiop/CMakeLists.txt b/libiop/CMakeLists.txt
index 003df21e..1de69ac4 100644
--- a/libiop/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/libiop/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -9,6 +9,12 @@ add_library(
   algebra/fields/gf192.cpp
   algebra/fields/gf256.cpp
   snark/common/hashing.cpp
+  protocols/ldt/ldt_reducer.cpp
+  protocols/ldt/fri/fri_ldt.cpp
+  protocols/ldt/fri/fri_aux.cpp
+  relations/sparse_matrix.cpp
+  iop/utilities/batching.cpp
+  algebra/utils.cpp
 )
 
 target_link_libraries(
@@ -214,7 +220,7 @@ target_link_libraries(test_bcs_transformation iop gtest_main)
 add_executable(test_aurora_snark tests/snark/test_aurora_snark.cpp)
 target_link_libraries(test_aurora_snark iop gtest_main)
 
-add_executable(test_fractal_snark tests/snark/test_fractal_snark.cpp)
+add_executable(test_fractal_snark tests/snark/test_fractal_snark.cpp )
 target_link_libraries(test_fractal_snark iop gtest_main)
 
 add_executable(test_ligero_snark tests/snark/test_ligero_snark.cpp)
diff --git a/libiop/algebra/utils.cpp b/libiop/algebra/utils.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..507702a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libiop/algebra/utils.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include "libiop/algebra/utils.hpp"
+
+
+namespace libiop {
+
+size_t gcd(const size_t a, const size_t b)
+{
+    return b == 0 ? a : gcd(b, a % b);
+}
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libiop/algebra/utils.tcc b/libiop/algebra/utils.tcc
index a458926b..ac8eb9c2 100644
--- a/libiop/algebra/utils.tcc
+++ b/libiop/algebra/utils.tcc
@@ -180,9 +180,6 @@ std::vector<FieldT> random_FieldT_vector(const std::size_t count)
     return result;
 }
 
-size_t gcd(const size_t a, const size_t b)
-{
-    return b == 0 ? a : gcd(b, a % b);
-}
+
 
 } // namespace libiop
diff --git a/libiop/common/common.cpp b/libiop/common/common.cpp
index 9132eebd..f199af8b 100644
--- a/libiop/common/common.cpp
+++ b/libiop/common/common.cpp
@@ -48,26 +48,5 @@ long double add_soundness_error_bits(const long double bits1, const long double
     return -1 * log2l(result);
 }
 
-template<typename T>
-void print_vector(std::vector<T> &vec)
-{
-    printf("{ ");
-    for (auto const& elem : vec)
-    {
-        std::cout << elem << " ";
-    }
-    printf("}\n");
-}
-
-template<typename T>
-void print_vector(std::vector<T> vec)
-{
-    printf("{ ");
-    for (auto const& elem : vec)
-    {
-        std::cout << elem << " ";
-    }
-    printf("}\n");
-}
 
 } // namespace libiop
diff --git a/libiop/common/common.hpp b/libiop/common/common.hpp
index a9e794d5..0916c9f9 100644
--- a/libiop/common/common.hpp
+++ b/libiop/common/common.hpp
@@ -33,11 +33,33 @@ long double add_soundness_error_bits(const long double bits1, const long double
 template<typename ... Types>
 void UNUSED(Types&&...) {}
 
-/* Print a vector in the form { elem0 elem1 elem2 ... }, with a newline at the end*/
+/* Print a vector in the form { elem0 elem1 elem2 ... }, with a newline at the end
 template<typename T>
 void print_vector(std::vector<T> &vec);
 template<typename T>
-void print_vector(std::vector<T> vec);
+void print_vector(std::vector<T> vec);*/
+
+template<typename T>
+void print_vector(std::vector<T> &vec)
+{
+    printf("{ ");
+    for (auto const& elem : vec)
+    {
+        std::cout << elem << " ";
+    }
+    printf("}\n");
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+void print_vector(std::vector<T> vec)
+{
+    printf("{ ");
+    for (auto const& elem : vec)
+    {
+        std::cout << elem << " ";
+    }
+    printf("}\n");
+}
 
 } // namespace libiop
 
diff --git a/libiop/iop/utilities/batching.cpp b/libiop/iop/utilities/batching.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fb38260e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libiop/iop/utilities/batching.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#include "batching.hpp"
+
+namespace libiop {
+
+
+
+std::vector<oracle_handle_ptr> virtual_oracle_handles_to_handle_ptrs(
+    const std::vector<virtual_oracle_handle> handles)
+{
+    std::vector<oracle_handle_ptr> oracles;
+    oracles.reserve(handles.size());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < handles.size(); i++)
+    {
+        oracles.emplace_back(std::make_shared<virtual_oracle_handle>(handles[i]));
+    }
+    return oracles;
+}
+
+
+} // namespace libiop
diff --git a/libiop/iop/utilities/batching.tcc b/libiop/iop/utilities/batching.tcc
index 90188656..7246df9d 100644
--- a/libiop/iop/utilities/batching.tcc
+++ b/libiop/iop/utilities/batching.tcc
@@ -57,17 +57,7 @@ std::vector<oracle_handle_ptr> register_n_oracles(
     return oracles;
 }
 
-std::vector<oracle_handle_ptr> virtual_oracle_handles_to_handle_ptrs(
-    const std::vector<virtual_oracle_handle> handles)
-{
-    std::vector<oracle_handle_ptr> oracles;
-    oracles.reserve(handles.size());
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < handles.size(); i++)
-    {
-        oracles.emplace_back(std::make_shared<virtual_oracle_handle>(handles[i]));
-    }
-    return oracles;
-}
+
 
 template<typename FieldT>
 std::vector<query_handle> register_queries_for_same_pos(
diff --git a/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_aux.cpp b/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_aux.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d9ef5936
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_aux.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#include <cstdint>
+#include "fri_aux.hpp"
+
+namespace libiop {
+
+
+// -------------------------------------------------
+// Optimizer utils
+
+/** Generate all possible localization vectors that begin with starting,
+ *  and reduce up to max_reducable_dimensions dimensions.
+ */
+std::vector<std::vector<size_t>> localization_vector_generator(
+    size_t max_reducable_dimensions,
+    std::vector<size_t> starting)
+{
+    std::vector<std::vector<size_t>> options;
+    options.push_back(starting);
+    if (max_reducable_dimensions == 0)
+    {
+        return options;
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 1; i <= max_reducable_dimensions; ++i)
+    {
+        std::vector<size_t> new_starting = starting;
+        new_starting.push_back(i);
+        std::vector<std::vector<size_t>> new_options =
+            localization_vector_generator(max_reducable_dimensions - i, new_starting);
+        options.insert(options.end(), new_options.begin(), new_options.end());
+    }
+    return options;
+}
+
+/* return all partitions of this number (that is, all possible FRI localization parameter vectors
+   for this codeword domain dimension) */
+std::vector<std::vector<size_t>> all_localization_vectors(size_t dimension_to_reduce)
+{
+    /* Fix the start as 1 */
+    std::vector<size_t> starting({1});
+    return localization_vector_generator(dimension_to_reduce - 1, starting);
+}
+
+} // namespace libiop
diff --git a/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_aux.tcc b/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_aux.tcc
index 409e584d..a2735344 100644
--- a/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_aux.tcc
+++ b/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_aux.tcc
@@ -386,40 +386,6 @@ std::vector<query_position_handle> calculate_next_coset_query_positions(
     return query_pos;
 }
 
-// -------------------------------------------------
-// Optimizer utils
 
-/** Generate all possible localization vectors that begin with starting,
- *  and reduce up to max_reducable_dimensions dimensions.
- */
-std::vector<std::vector<size_t>> localization_vector_generator(
-    size_t max_reducable_dimensions,
-    std::vector<size_t> starting)
-{
-    std::vector<std::vector<size_t>> options;
-    options.push_back(starting);
-    if (max_reducable_dimensions == 0)
-    {
-        return options;
-    }
-    for (size_t i = 1; i <= max_reducable_dimensions; ++i)
-    {
-        std::vector<size_t> new_starting = starting;
-        new_starting.push_back(i);
-        std::vector<std::vector<size_t>> new_options =
-            localization_vector_generator(max_reducable_dimensions - i, new_starting);
-        options.insert(options.end(), new_options.begin(), new_options.end());
-    }
-    return options;
-}
-
-/* return all partitions of this number (that is, all possible FRI localization parameter vectors
-   for this codeword domain dimension) */
-std::vector<std::vector<size_t>> all_localization_vectors(size_t dimension_to_reduce)
-{
-    /* Fix the start as 1 */
-    std::vector<size_t> starting({1});
-    return localization_vector_generator(dimension_to_reduce - 1, starting);
-}
 
 } // namespace libiop
diff --git a/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_ldt.cpp b/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_ldt.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d42ea9ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_ldt.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//#include "libiop/common/common.hpp"
+#include "libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_ldt.hpp"
+
+namespace libiop {
+
+
+const char* FRI_soundness_type_to_string(FRI_soundness_type soundness_type)
+{
+    if (soundness_type == FRI_soundness_type::heuristic)
+    {
+        return "heuristic";
+    } else if (soundness_type == FRI_soundness_type::proven)
+    {
+        return "proven";
+    }
+    return "Invalid soundness type";
+}
+
+} // namespace libiop
diff --git a/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_ldt.tcc b/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_ldt.tcc
index 89fc9d99..c1580ae9 100644
--- a/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_ldt.tcc
+++ b/libiop/protocols/ldt/fri/fri_ldt.tcc
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #include "libiop/algebra/field_subset/subgroup.hpp"
-#include "libiop/common/common.cpp"
+#include "libiop/common/common.hpp"
 #include "libiop/common/profiling.hpp"
 
 namespace libiop {
@@ -231,18 +231,6 @@ long double FRI_protocol_parameters<FieldT>::achieved_query_soundness() const
     return -1.0 * (long double)(this->num_query_repetitions_) * soundness_per_query;
 }
 
-const char* FRI_soundness_type_to_string(FRI_soundness_type soundness_type)
-{
-    if (soundness_type == FRI_soundness_type::heuristic)
-    {
-        return "heuristic";
-    } else if (soundness_type == FRI_soundness_type::proven)
-    {
-        return "proven";
-    }
-    return "Invalid soundness type";
-}
-
 template<typename FieldT>
 void FRI_protocol_parameters<FieldT>::print() const
 {
diff --git a/libiop/protocols/ldt/ldt_reducer.cpp b/libiop/protocols/ldt/ldt_reducer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fd6e4419
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libiop/protocols/ldt/ldt_reducer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#include "libiop/protocols/ldt/ldt_reducer.hpp"
+#include <cassert>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+namespace libiop {
+
+
+const char* LDT_reducer_soundness_type_to_string(LDT_reducer_soundness_type soundness_type)
+{
+    if (soundness_type == LDT_reducer_soundness_type::proven)
+    {
+        return "proven";
+    } else if (soundness_type == LDT_reducer_soundness_type::optimistic_heuristic)
+    {
+        return "heuristic";
+    }
+    return "Invalid soundness type";
+}
+
+
+} // libiop
diff --git a/libiop/protocols/ldt/ldt_reducer.tcc b/libiop/protocols/ldt/ldt_reducer.tcc
index 0be0d54d..794f8b31 100644
--- a/libiop/protocols/ldt/ldt_reducer.tcc
+++ b/libiop/protocols/ldt/ldt_reducer.tcc
@@ -107,17 +107,6 @@ size_t LDT_instance_reducer_params<FieldT>::num_output_LDT_instances() const
     return this->num_output_LDT_instances_;
 }
 
-const char* LDT_reducer_soundness_type_to_string(LDT_reducer_soundness_type soundness_type)
-{
-    if (soundness_type == LDT_reducer_soundness_type::proven)
-    {
-        return "proven";
-    } else if (soundness_type == LDT_reducer_soundness_type::optimistic_heuristic)
-    {
-        return "heuristic";
-    }
-    return "Invalid soundness type";
-}
 
 template<typename FieldT>
 void LDT_instance_reducer_params<FieldT>::print() const
diff --git a/libiop/relations/sparse_matrix.cpp b/libiop/relations/sparse_matrix.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fc792388
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libiop/relations/sparse_matrix.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "libiop/relations/sparse_matrix.hpp"
+
+namespace libiop {
+
+
+std::vector<r1cs_sparse_matrix_type> all_r1cs_sparse_matrix_types(
+    {r1cs_sparse_matrix_A, r1cs_sparse_matrix_B, r1cs_sparse_matrix_C});
+
+} // libiop
diff --git a/libiop/relations/sparse_matrix.hpp b/libiop/relations/sparse_matrix.hpp
index e6067068..d0bed9c3 100644
--- a/libiop/relations/sparse_matrix.hpp
+++ b/libiop/relations/sparse_matrix.hpp
@@ -36,8 +36,7 @@ enum r1cs_sparse_matrix_type {
     r1cs_sparse_matrix_C = 3
 };
 
-std::vector<r1cs_sparse_matrix_type> all_r1cs_sparse_matrix_types(
-    {r1cs_sparse_matrix_A, r1cs_sparse_matrix_B, r1cs_sparse_matrix_C});
+extern std::vector<r1cs_sparse_matrix_type> all_r1cs_sparse_matrix_types;
 
 template<typename FieldT>
 class r1cs_sparse_matrix : public sparse_matrix<FieldT> {