[SPARK-28863][SQL][FOLLOWUP] Make sure optimized plan will not be re-analyzed

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

It's a known issue that re-analyzing an optimized plan can lead to various issues. We made several attempts to avoid it from happening, but the current solution `AlreadyOptimized` is still not 100% safe, as people can inject catalyst rules to call analyzer directly.

This PR proposes a simpler and safer idea: we set the `analyzed` flag to true after optimization, and analyzer will skip processing plans whose `analyzed` flag is true.

### Why are the changes needed?

make the code simpler and safer

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

no

### How was this patch tested?

existing tests.

Closes apache#30777 from cloud-fan/ds.

Authored-by: Wenchen Fan <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: HyukjinKwon <[email protected]>

Author: cloud-fan

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/Analyzer.scala

@@ -168,6 +168,7 @@ class Analyzer(override val catalogManager: CatalogManager)
   }
 
   def executeAndCheck(plan: LogicalPlan, tracker: QueryPlanningTracker): LogicalPlan = {
+    if (plan.analyzed) return plan
     AnalysisHelper.markInAnalyzer {
       val analyzed = executeAndTrack(plan, tracker)
       try {

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/plans/logical/AnalysisHelper.scala

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ trait AnalysisHelper extends QueryPlan[LogicalPlan] { self: LogicalPlan =>
    * This should only be called by
    * [[org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.CheckAnalysis]].
    */
-  private[catalyst] def setAnalyzed(): Unit = {
+  private[sql] def setAnalyzed(): Unit = {
     if (!_analyzed) {
       _analyzed = true
       children.foreach(_.setAnalyzed())
@@ -180,6 +180,11 @@ trait AnalysisHelper extends QueryPlan[LogicalPlan] { self: LogicalPlan =>
     super.transformAllExpressions(rule)
   }
 
+  override def clone(): LogicalPlan = {
+    val cloned = super.clone()
+    if (analyzed) cloned.setAnalyzed()
+    cloned
+  }
 }
 
 

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/AlreadyOptimized.scala

@@ -84,7 +84,12 @@ class QueryExecution(
   lazy val optimizedPlan: LogicalPlan = executePhase(QueryPlanningTracker.OPTIMIZATION) {
     // clone the plan to avoid sharing the plan instance between different stages like analyzing,
     // optimizing and planning.
-    sparkSession.sessionState.optimizer.executeAndTrack(withCachedData.clone(), tracker)
+    val plan = sparkSession.sessionState.optimizer.executeAndTrack(withCachedData.clone(), tracker)
+    // We do not want optimized plans to be re-analyzed as literals that have been constant folded
+    // and such can cause issues during analysis. While `clone` should maintain the `analyzed` state
+    // of the LogicalPlan, we set the plan as analyzed here as well out of paranoia.
+    plan.setAnalyzed()
+    plan
   }
 
   private def assertOptimized(): Unit = optimizedPlan

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/QueryExecution.scala

@@ -20,12 +20,13 @@ package org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.v2
 import java.util.UUID
 
 import org.apache.spark.SparkException
+import org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.InternalRow
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.Attribute
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.LogicalPlan
 import org.apache.spark.sql.connector.catalog.SupportsWrite
 import org.apache.spark.sql.connector.write.{LogicalWriteInfoImpl, SupportsOverwrite, SupportsTruncate, V1WriteBuilder, WriteBuilder}
-import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.{AlreadyOptimized, SparkPlan}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SparkPlan
 import org.apache.spark.sql.sources.{AlwaysTrue, Filter, InsertableRelation}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.util.CaseInsensitiveStringMap
 
@@ -118,9 +119,7 @@ trait SupportsV1Write extends SparkPlan {
   protected def writeWithV1(
       relation: InsertableRelation,
       refreshCache: () => Unit = () => ()): Seq[InternalRow] = {
-    val session = sqlContext.sparkSession
-    // The `plan` is already optimized, we should not analyze and optimize it again.
-    relation.insert(AlreadyOptimized.dataFrame(session, plan), overwrite = false)
+    relation.insert(Dataset.ofRows(sqlContext.sparkSession, plan), overwrite = false)
     refreshCache()
 
     Nil