diff --git a/.changeset/selectpanel-item-id-required.md b/.changeset/selectpanel-item-id-required.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fde2131ba48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/selectpanel-item-id-required.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"@primer/react": major
+---
+
+SelectPanel: Make `id` required for `items` passed to SelectPanel
diff --git a/packages/react/src/FilteredActionList/FilteredActionList.tsx b/packages/react/src/FilteredActionList/FilteredActionList.tsx
index 61ccb33538e..667756e277a 100644
--- a/packages/react/src/FilteredActionList/FilteredActionList.tsx
+++ b/packages/react/src/FilteredActionList/FilteredActionList.tsx
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ export function FilteredActionList({
                     {group.header?.title ? group.header.title : `Group ${group.groupId}`}
                   </ActionList.GroupHeading>
                   {getItemListForEachGroup(group.groupId).map(({key: itemKey, ...item}, itemIndex) => {
-                    const key = itemKey ?? item.id?.toString() ?? itemIndex.toString()
+                    const key = itemKey || item.id.toString() || itemIndex.toString()
                     return (
                       <MappedActionListItem
                         key={key}
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ export function FilteredActionList({
               )
             })
           : items.map(({key: itemKey, ...item}, index) => {
-              const key = itemKey ?? item.id?.toString() ?? index.toString()
+              const key = itemKey || item.id.toString() || index.toString()
               return (
                 <MappedActionListItem
                   key={key}
diff --git a/packages/react/src/FilteredActionList/types.ts b/packages/react/src/FilteredActionList/types.ts
index 68e0ca62458..c22a7f6264d 100644
--- a/packages/react/src/FilteredActionList/types.ts
+++ b/packages/react/src/FilteredActionList/types.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,13 @@ export type RenderItemFn = (props: FilteredActionListItemProps) => React.ReactEl
 
 export type ItemInput =
   | Merge<React.ComponentPropsWithoutRef<'div'>, FilteredActionListItemProps>
-  | ((Partial<FilteredActionListItemProps> & {renderItem: RenderItemFn}) & {key?: Key})
+  | ((Partial<FilteredActionListItemProps> & {
+      // un-partial these fields because they are required
+      id: FilteredActionListItemProps['id']
+      renderItem: RenderItemFn
+    }) & {
+      key?: Key
+    })
 
 export interface FilteredActionListItemProps {
   /**
@@ -85,7 +91,7 @@ export interface FilteredActionListItemProps {
   /**
    * An id associated with this item.  Should be unique between items
    */
-  id?: number | string
+  id: number | string
 
   /**
    * Node to be included inside the item before the text.
@@ -124,7 +130,14 @@ export interface GroupedListProps extends ListPropsBase {
    * A collection of `Item` props, plus associated group identifiers
    * and `Item`-level custom `Item` renderers.
    */
-  items: ((FilteredActionListItemProps | (Partial<FilteredActionListItemProps> & {renderItem: RenderItemFn})) & {
+  items: ((
+    | FilteredActionListItemProps
+    | (Partial<FilteredActionListItemProps> & {
+        // un-partial these fields because they are required
+        id: FilteredActionListItemProps['id']
+        renderItem: RenderItemFn
+      })
+  ) & {
     groupId: string
   })[]
 }
diff --git a/packages/react/src/SelectPanel/SelectPanel.examples.stories.tsx b/packages/react/src/SelectPanel/SelectPanel.examples.stories.tsx
index 05ccab9f5b9..676f00d44db 100644
--- a/packages/react/src/SelectPanel/SelectPanel.examples.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/react/src/SelectPanel/SelectPanel.examples.stories.tsx
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ export const CustomItemRenderer = () => {
         onFilterChange={setFilter}
         overlayProps={{width: 'medium'}}
         renderItem={item => (
-          <ActionList.Item id={item.id?.toString()} className={styles.CustomActionListItem}>
+          <ActionList.Item id={item.id.toString()} className={styles.CustomActionListItem}>
             <ActionList.Description truncate>{item.text}</ActionList.Description>
           </ActionList.Item>
         )}
diff --git a/packages/react/src/SelectPanel/SelectPanel.test.tsx b/packages/react/src/SelectPanel/SelectPanel.test.tsx
index b42041c08c6..156442177ed 100644
--- a/packages/react/src/SelectPanel/SelectPanel.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/react/src/SelectPanel/SelectPanel.test.tsx
@@ -33,15 +33,9 @@ const renderWithFlag = (children: React.ReactNode, flag: boolean) => {
 }
 
 const items: SelectPanelProps['items'] = [
-  {
-    text: 'item one',
-  },
-  {
-    text: 'item two',
-  },
-  {
-    text: 'item three',
-  },
+  {id: 'one', text: 'item one'},
+  {id: 'two', text: 'item two'},
+  {id: 'three', text: 'item three'},
 ]
 
 function BasicSelectPanel(passthroughProps: Record<string, unknown>) {
@@ -933,15 +927,9 @@ for (const usingRemoveActiveDescendant of [false, true]) {
         renderWithFlag(
           <SelectPanelWithCustomMessages
             items={[
-              {
-                text: 'item one',
-              },
-              {
-                text: 'item two',
-              },
-              {
-                text: 'item three',
-              },
+              {id: 'one', text: 'item one'},
+              {id: 'two', text: 'item two'},
+              {id: 'three', text: 'item three'},
             ]}
           />,
           usingRemoveActiveDescendant,
@@ -1186,19 +1174,9 @@ for (const usingRemoveActiveDescendant of [false, true]) {
 
     describe('sorting', () => {
       const items = [
-        {
-          text: 'item one',
-          id: '3',
-        },
-        {
-          text: 'item two',
-          id: '1',
-          selected: true,
-        },
-        {
-          text: 'item three',
-          id: '2',
-        },
+        {text: 'item one', id: '3'},
+        {text: 'item two', id: '1', selected: true},
+        {text: 'item three', id: '2'},
       ]
 
       it('should render selected items at the top by default when FF on', async () => {