[BOLT] Support POSSIBLE_PIC_FIXED_BRANCH (#91667)

Detect and support fixed PIC indirect jumps of the following form:
```
movslq  En(%rip), %r1
leaq  PIC_JUMP_TABLE(%rip), %r2
addq  %r2, %r1
jmpq  *%r1
```

with PIC_JUMP_TABLE that looks like following:

```
  JT:  ----------
   E1:| L1 - JT  |
      |----------|
   E2:| L2 - JT  |
      |----------|
      |          |
         ......
   En:| Ln - JT  |
       ----------
```

The code could be produced by compilers, see
#91648.

Test Plan: updated jump-table-fixed-ref-pic.test

Author: aaupov

bolt/include/bolt/Core/BinaryContext.h

@@ -431,6 +431,9 @@ class BinaryContext {
     return nullptr;
   }
 
+  /// Deregister JumpTable registered at a given \p Address and delete it.
+  void deleteJumpTable(uint64_t Address);
+
   unsigned getDWARFEncodingSize(unsigned Encoding) {
     if (Encoding == dwarf::DW_EH_PE_omit)
       return 0;

bolt/include/bolt/Core/MCPlusBuilder.h

@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ enum class IndirectBranchType : char {
   POSSIBLE_PIC_JUMP_TABLE, /// Possibly a jump table for PIC.
   POSSIBLE_GOTO,           /// Possibly a gcc's computed goto.
   POSSIBLE_FIXED_BRANCH,   /// Possibly an indirect branch to a fixed location.
+  POSSIBLE_PIC_FIXED_BRANCH, /// Possibly an indirect jump to a fixed entry in a
+                             /// PIC jump table.
 };
 
 class MCPlusBuilder {
@@ -1474,12 +1476,11 @@ class MCPlusBuilder {
   /// will be set to the different components of the branch.  \p MemLocInstr
   /// is the instruction that loads up the indirect function pointer.  It may
   /// or may not be same as \p Instruction.
-  virtual IndirectBranchType
-  analyzeIndirectBranch(MCInst &Instruction, InstructionIterator Begin,
-                        InstructionIterator End, const unsigned PtrSize,
-                        MCInst *&MemLocInstr, unsigned &BaseRegNum,
-                        unsigned &IndexRegNum, int64_t &DispValue,
-                        const MCExpr *&DispExpr, MCInst *&PCRelBaseOut) const {
+  virtual IndirectBranchType analyzeIndirectBranch(
+      MCInst &Instruction, InstructionIterator Begin, InstructionIterator End,
+      const unsigned PtrSize, MCInst *&MemLocInstr, unsigned &BaseRegNum,
+      unsigned &IndexRegNum, int64_t &DispValue, const MCExpr *&DispExpr,
+      MCInst *&PCRelBaseOut, MCInst *&FixedEntryLoadInst) const {
     llvm_unreachable("not implemented");
     return IndirectBranchType::UNKNOWN;
   }

bolt/lib/Core/BinaryContext.cpp

@@ -2523,6 +2523,16 @@ BinaryFunction *BinaryContext::getBinaryFunctionAtAddress(uint64_t Address) {
   return nullptr;
 }
 
+/// Deregister JumpTable registered at a given \p Address and delete it.
+void BinaryContext::deleteJumpTable(uint64_t Address) {
+  assert(JumpTables.count(Address) && "Must have a jump table at address");
+  JumpTable *JT = JumpTables.at(Address);
+  for (BinaryFunction *Parent : JT->Parents)
+    Parent->JumpTables.erase(Address);
+  JumpTables.erase(Address);
+  delete JT;
+}
+
 DebugAddressRangesVector BinaryContext::translateModuleAddressRanges(
     const DWARFAddressRangesVector &InputRanges) const {
   DebugAddressRangesVector OutputRanges;

bolt/lib/Core/BinaryFunction.cpp

@@ -780,6 +780,9 @@ BinaryFunction::processIndirectBranch(MCInst &Instruction, unsigned Size,
   // setting the value of the register used by the branch.
   MCInst *MemLocInstr;
 
+  // The instruction loading the fixed PIC jump table entry value.
+  MCInst *FixedEntryLoadInstr;
+
   // Address of the table referenced by MemLocInstr. Could be either an
   // array of function pointers, or a jump table.
   uint64_t ArrayStart = 0;
@@ -811,7 +814,7 @@ BinaryFunction::processIndirectBranch(MCInst &Instruction, unsigned Size,
 
   IndirectBranchType BranchType = BC.MIB->analyzeIndirectBranch(
       Instruction, Begin, Instructions.end(), PtrSize, MemLocInstr, BaseRegNum,
-      IndexRegNum, DispValue, DispExpr, PCRelBaseInstr);
+      IndexRegNum, DispValue, DispExpr, PCRelBaseInstr, FixedEntryLoadInstr);
 
   if (BranchType == IndirectBranchType::UNKNOWN && !MemLocInstr)
     return BranchType;
@@ -877,6 +880,43 @@ BinaryFunction::processIndirectBranch(MCInst &Instruction, unsigned Size,
   if (BaseRegNum == BC.MRI->getProgramCounter())
     ArrayStart += getAddress() + Offset + Size;
 
+  if (FixedEntryLoadInstr) {
+    assert(BranchType == IndirectBranchType::POSSIBLE_PIC_FIXED_BRANCH &&
+           "Invalid IndirectBranch type");
+    MCInst::iterator FixedEntryDispOperand =
+        BC.MIB->getMemOperandDisp(*FixedEntryLoadInstr);
+    assert(FixedEntryDispOperand != FixedEntryLoadInstr->end() &&
+           "Invalid memory instruction");
+    const MCExpr *FixedEntryDispExpr = FixedEntryDispOperand->getExpr();
+    const uint64_t EntryAddress = getExprValue(FixedEntryDispExpr);
+    uint64_t EntrySize = BC.getJumpTableEntrySize(JumpTable::JTT_PIC);
+    ErrorOr<int64_t> Value =
+        BC.getSignedValueAtAddress(EntryAddress, EntrySize);
+    if (!Value)
+      return IndirectBranchType::UNKNOWN;
+
+    BC.outs() << "BOLT-INFO: fixed PIC indirect branch detected in " << *this
+              << " at 0x" << Twine::utohexstr(getAddress() + Offset)
+              << " referencing data at 0x" << Twine::utohexstr(EntryAddress)
+              << " the destination value is 0x"
+              << Twine::utohexstr(ArrayStart + *Value) << '\n';
+
+    TargetAddress = ArrayStart + *Value;
+
+    // Remove spurious JumpTable at EntryAddress caused by PIC reference from
+    // the load instruction.
+    BC.deleteJumpTable(EntryAddress);
+
+    // Replace FixedEntryDispExpr used in target address calculation with outer
+    // jump table reference.
+    JumpTable *JT = BC.getJumpTableContainingAddress(ArrayStart);
+    assert(JT && "Must have a containing jump table for PIC fixed branch");
+    BC.MIB->replaceMemOperandDisp(*FixedEntryLoadInstr, JT->getFirstLabel(),
+                                  EntryAddress - ArrayStart, &*BC.Ctx);
+
+    return BranchType;
+  }
+
   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "BOLT-DEBUG: addressed memory is 0x"
                     << Twine::utohexstr(ArrayStart) << '\n');
 
@@ -1126,6 +1166,7 @@ void BinaryFunction::handleIndirectBranch(MCInst &Instruction, uint64_t Size,
   }
   case IndirectBranchType::POSSIBLE_JUMP_TABLE:
   case IndirectBranchType::POSSIBLE_PIC_JUMP_TABLE:
+  case IndirectBranchType::POSSIBLE_PIC_FIXED_BRANCH:
     if (opts::JumpTables == JTS_NONE)
       IsSimple = false;
     break;
@@ -1878,9 +1919,11 @@ bool BinaryFunction::postProcessIndirectBranches(
         int64_t DispValue;
         const MCExpr *DispExpr;
         MCInst *PCRelBaseInstr;
+        MCInst *FixedEntryLoadInstr;
         IndirectBranchType Type = BC.MIB->analyzeIndirectBranch(
             Instr, BB.begin(), II, PtrSize, MemLocInstr, BaseRegNum,
-            IndexRegNum, DispValue, DispExpr, PCRelBaseInstr);
+            IndexRegNum, DispValue, DispExpr, PCRelBaseInstr,
+            FixedEntryLoadInstr);
         if (Type != IndirectBranchType::UNKNOWN || MemLocInstr != nullptr)
           continue;
 

bolt/lib/Passes/IndirectCallPromotion.cpp

@@ -386,13 +386,15 @@ IndirectCallPromotion::maybeGetHotJumpTableTargets(BinaryBasicBlock &BB,
   JumpTableInfoType HotTargets;
   MCInst *MemLocInstr;
   MCInst *PCRelBaseOut;
+  MCInst *FixedEntryLoadInstr;
   unsigned BaseReg, IndexReg;
   int64_t DispValue;
   const MCExpr *DispExpr;
   MutableArrayRef<MCInst> Insts(&BB.front(), &CallInst);
   const IndirectBranchType Type = BC.MIB->analyzeIndirectBranch(
       CallInst, Insts.begin(), Insts.end(), BC.AsmInfo->getCodePointerSize(),
-      MemLocInstr, BaseReg, IndexReg, DispValue, DispExpr, PCRelBaseOut);
+      MemLocInstr, BaseReg, IndexReg, DispValue, DispExpr, PCRelBaseOut,
+      FixedEntryLoadInstr);
 
   assert(MemLocInstr && "There should always be a load for jump tables");
   if (!MemLocInstr)

bolt/lib/Target/AArch64/AArch64MCPlusBuilder.cpp

@@ -852,16 +852,19 @@ class AArch64MCPlusBuilder : public MCPlusBuilder {
     return Uses;
   }
 
-  IndirectBranchType analyzeIndirectBranch(
-      MCInst &Instruction, InstructionIterator Begin, InstructionIterator End,
-      const unsigned PtrSize, MCInst *&MemLocInstrOut, unsigned &BaseRegNumOut,
-      unsigned &IndexRegNumOut, int64_t &DispValueOut,
-      const MCExpr *&DispExprOut, MCInst *&PCRelBaseOut) const override {
+  IndirectBranchType
+  analyzeIndirectBranch(MCInst &Instruction, InstructionIterator Begin,
+                        InstructionIterator End, const unsigned PtrSize,
+                        MCInst *&MemLocInstrOut, unsigned &BaseRegNumOut,
+                        unsigned &IndexRegNumOut, int64_t &DispValueOut,
+                        const MCExpr *&DispExprOut, MCInst *&PCRelBaseOut,
+                        MCInst *&FixedEntryLoadInstr) const override {
     MemLocInstrOut = nullptr;
     BaseRegNumOut = AArch64::NoRegister;
     IndexRegNumOut = AArch64::NoRegister;
     DispValueOut = 0;
     DispExprOut = nullptr;
+    FixedEntryLoadInstr = nullptr;
 
     // An instruction referencing memory used by jump instruction (directly or
     // via register). This location could be an array of function pointers

bolt/lib/Target/RISCV/RISCVMCPlusBuilder.cpp

@@ -176,13 +176,14 @@ class RISCVMCPlusBuilder : public MCPlusBuilder {
       MCInst &Instruction, InstructionIterator Begin, InstructionIterator End,
       const unsigned PtrSize, MCInst *&MemLocInstr, unsigned &BaseRegNum,
       unsigned &IndexRegNum, int64_t &DispValue, const MCExpr *&DispExpr,
-      MCInst *&PCRelBaseOut) const override {
+      MCInst *&PCRelBaseOut, MCInst *&FixedEntryLoadInst) const override {
     MemLocInstr = nullptr;
     BaseRegNum = 0;
     IndexRegNum = 0;
     DispValue = 0;
     DispExpr = nullptr;
     PCRelBaseOut = nullptr;
+    FixedEntryLoadInst = nullptr;
 
     // Check for the following long tail call sequence:
     // 1: auipc xi, %pcrel_hi(sym)

bolt/lib/Target/X86/X86MCPlusBuilder.cpp

@@ -1866,8 +1866,11 @@ class X86MCPlusBuilder : public MCPlusBuilder {
     return true;
   }
 
+  /// Analyzes PIC-style jump table code template and return identified
+  /// IndirectBranchType, MemLocInstr (all cases) and FixedEntryLoadInstr
+  /// (POSSIBLE_PIC_FIXED_BRANCH case).
   template <typename Itr>
-  std::pair<IndirectBranchType, MCInst *>
+  std::tuple<IndirectBranchType, MCInst *, MCInst *>
   analyzePICJumpTable(Itr II, Itr IE, MCPhysReg R1, MCPhysReg R2) const {
     // Analyze PIC-style jump table code template:
     //
@@ -1876,6 +1879,13 @@ class X86MCPlusBuilder : public MCPlusBuilder {
     //    add %r2, %r1
     //    jmp *%r1
     //
+    // or a fixed indirect jump template:
+    //
+    //    movslq En(%rip), {%r2|%r1}              <- FixedEntryLoadInstr
+    //    lea PIC_JUMP_TABLE(%rip), {%r1|%r2}     <- MemLocInstr
+    //    add %r2, %r1
+    //    jmp *%r1
+    //
     // (with any irrelevant instructions in-between)
     //
     // When we call this helper we've already determined %r1 and %r2, and
@@ -1916,8 +1926,13 @@ class X86MCPlusBuilder : public MCPlusBuilder {
              MO.SegRegNum == X86::NoRegister;
     };
     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Checking for PIC jump table\n");
-    MCInst *MemLocInstr = nullptr;
-    const MCInst *MovInstr = nullptr;
+    MCInst *FirstInstr = nullptr;
+    MCInst *SecondInstr = nullptr;
+    enum {
+      NOMATCH = 0,
+      MATCH_JUMP_TABLE,
+      MATCH_FIXED_BRANCH,
+    } MatchingState = NOMATCH;
     while (++II != IE) {
       MCInst &Instr = *II;
       const MCInstrDesc &InstrDesc = Info->get(Instr.getOpcode());
@@ -1926,68 +1941,76 @@ class X86MCPlusBuilder : public MCPlusBuilder {
         // Ignore instructions that don't affect R1, R2 registers.
         continue;
       }
-      if (!MovInstr) {
-        // Expect to see MOV instruction.
-        if (!isMOVSX64rm32(Instr)) {
-          LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "MOV instruction expected.\n");
+      const bool IsMOVSXInstr = isMOVSX64rm32(Instr);
+      const bool IsLEAInstr = isLEA64r(Instr);
+      if (MatchingState == NOMATCH) {
+        if (IsMOVSXInstr)
+          MatchingState = MATCH_JUMP_TABLE;
+        else if (IsLEAInstr)
+          MatchingState = MATCH_FIXED_BRANCH;
+        else
           break;
-        }
 
-        // Check if it's setting %r1 or %r2. In canonical form it sets %r2.
-        // If it sets %r1 - rename the registers so we have to only check
-        // a single form.
-        unsigned MovDestReg = Instr.getOperand(0).getReg();
-        if (MovDestReg != R2)
+        // Check if the first instruction is setting %r1 or %r2. In canonical
+        // form lea sets %r1 and mov sets %r2. If it's the opposite - rename so
+        // we have to only check a single form.
+        unsigned DestReg = Instr.getOperand(0).getReg();
+        MCPhysReg &ExpectReg = MatchingState == MATCH_JUMP_TABLE ? R2 : R1;
+        if (DestReg != ExpectReg)
           std::swap(R1, R2);
-        if (MovDestReg != R2) {
-          LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "MOV instruction expected to set %r2\n");
+        if (DestReg != ExpectReg)
           break;
-        }
 
-        // Verify operands for MOV.
+        // Verify operands
         std::optional<X86MemOperand> MO = evaluateX86MemoryOperand(Instr);
         if (!MO)
           break;
-        if (!isIndexed(*MO, R1))
-          // POSSIBLE_PIC_JUMP_TABLE
+        if ((MatchingState == MATCH_JUMP_TABLE && isIndexed(*MO, R1)) ||
+            (MatchingState == MATCH_FIXED_BRANCH && isRIPRel(*MO)))
+          FirstInstr = &Instr;
+        else
           break;
-        MovInstr = &Instr;
       } else {
-        if (!InstrDesc.hasDefOfPhysReg(Instr, R1, *RegInfo))
+        unsigned ExpectReg = MatchingState == MATCH_JUMP_TABLE ? R1 : R2;
+        if (!InstrDesc.hasDefOfPhysReg(Instr, ExpectReg, *RegInfo))
           continue;
-        if (!isLEA64r(Instr)) {
-          LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LEA instruction expected\n");
+        if ((MatchingState == MATCH_JUMP_TABLE && !IsLEAInstr) ||
+            (MatchingState == MATCH_FIXED_BRANCH && !IsMOVSXInstr))
           break;
-        }
-        if (Instr.getOperand(0).getReg() != R1) {
-          LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "LEA instruction expected to set %r1\n");
+        if (Instr.getOperand(0).getReg() != ExpectReg)
           break;
-        }
 
-        // Verify operands for LEA.
+        // Verify operands.
         std::optional<X86MemOperand> MO = evaluateX86MemoryOperand(Instr);
         if (!MO)
           break;
         if (!isRIPRel(*MO))
           break;
-        MemLocInstr = &Instr;
+        SecondInstr = &Instr;
         break;
       }
     }
 
-    if (!MemLocInstr)
-      return std::make_pair(IndirectBranchType::UNKNOWN, nullptr);
+    if (!SecondInstr)
+      return std::make_tuple(IndirectBranchType::UNKNOWN, nullptr, nullptr);
 
+    if (MatchingState == MATCH_FIXED_BRANCH) {
+      LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "checking potential fixed indirect branch\n");
+      return std::make_tuple(IndirectBranchType::POSSIBLE_PIC_FIXED_BRANCH,
+                             FirstInstr, SecondInstr);
+    }
     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "checking potential PIC jump table\n");
-    return std::make_pair(IndirectBranchType::POSSIBLE_PIC_JUMP_TABLE,
-                          MemLocInstr);
+    return std::make_tuple(IndirectBranchType::POSSIBLE_PIC_JUMP_TABLE,
+                           SecondInstr, nullptr);
   }
 
-  IndirectBranchType analyzeIndirectBranch(
-      MCInst &Instruction, InstructionIterator Begin, InstructionIterator End,
-      const unsigned PtrSize, MCInst *&MemLocInstrOut, unsigned &BaseRegNumOut,
-      unsigned &IndexRegNumOut, int64_t &DispValueOut,
-      const MCExpr *&DispExprOut, MCInst *&PCRelBaseOut) const override {
+  IndirectBranchType
+  analyzeIndirectBranch(MCInst &Instruction, InstructionIterator Begin,
+                        InstructionIterator End, const unsigned PtrSize,
+                        MCInst *&MemLocInstrOut, unsigned &BaseRegNumOut,
+                        unsigned &IndexRegNumOut, int64_t &DispValueOut,
+                        const MCExpr *&DispExprOut, MCInst *&PCRelBaseOut,
+                        MCInst *&FixedEntryLoadInst) const override {
     // Try to find a (base) memory location from where the address for
     // the indirect branch is loaded. For X86-64 the memory will be specified
     // in the following format:
@@ -2014,6 +2037,7 @@ class X86MCPlusBuilder : public MCPlusBuilder {
     IndexRegNumOut = X86::NoRegister;
     DispValueOut = 0;
     DispExprOut = nullptr;
+    FixedEntryLoadInst = nullptr;
 
     std::reverse_iterator<InstructionIterator> II(End);
     std::reverse_iterator<InstructionIterator> IE(Begin);
@@ -2046,7 +2070,8 @@ class X86MCPlusBuilder : public MCPlusBuilder {
           unsigned R2 = PrevInstr.getOperand(2).getReg();
           if (R1 == R2)
             return IndirectBranchType::UNKNOWN;
-          std::tie(Type, MemLocInstr) = analyzePICJumpTable(PrevII, IE, R1, R2);
+          std::tie(Type, MemLocInstr, FixedEntryLoadInst) =
+              analyzePICJumpTable(PrevII, IE, R1, R2);
           break;
         }
         return IndirectBranchType::UNKNOWN;
@@ -2090,6 +2115,8 @@ class X86MCPlusBuilder : public MCPlusBuilder {
       if (MO->ScaleImm != 1 || MO->BaseRegNum != RIPRegister)
         return IndirectBranchType::UNKNOWN;
       break;
+    case IndirectBranchType::POSSIBLE_PIC_FIXED_BRANCH:
+      break;
     default:
       if (MO->ScaleImm != PtrSize)
         return IndirectBranchType::UNKNOWN;

bolt/test/X86/Inputs/jump-table-fixed-ref-pic.s

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ main:
   jae .L4
   cmpq $0x1, %rdi
   jne .L4
-  mov .Ljt_pic+8(%rip), %rax
+  movslq .Ljt_pic+8(%rip), %rax
   lea .Ljt_pic(%rip), %rdx
   add %rdx, %rax
   jmpq *%rax