docs: add migration guide from 0.26 to 0.27 (#543)

* docs: add migration guide from 0.26 to 0.27

* docs(fix): relative links

* chore(docs): apply suggestions from code review

* chore: apply review suggestions

* chore: remove unwanted log

Author: jacobheun

doc/migrations/v0.26-v0.27.md

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+# Migrating to the new API
+
+A migration guide for refactoring your application code from libp2p v0.26.x to v0.27.0.
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+- [Migrating from callbacks](#migrating-from-callbacks)
+- [Pull Streams to Streaming Iterables](#pull-streams-to-streaming-iterables)
+- [Sample API Migrations](#sample-api-migrations)
+  - [Registering Protocol Handlers](#registering-protocol-handlers)
+  - [Dialing and Sending Data](#dialing-and-sending-data)
+  - [Checking if a peer is connected](#checking-if-a-peer-is-connected)
+  - [Pinging another peer](#pinging-another-peer)
+  - [Pubsub](#pubsub)
+    - [Getting subscribers](#getting-subscribers)
+    - [Getting subscribed topics](#getting-subscribed-topics)
+
+## Migrating from callbacks
+
+Callbacks are no longer supported in the libp2p API, as the API has now fully moved to async / await. You can see a full list of the available methods in the [API readme][api]
+
+**Before**
+```js
+libp2p.start((err) => {
+  if (err) throw err
+  console.log('libp2p started')
+})
+```
+
+**After**
+```js
+await libp2p.start()
+console.log('libp2p started')
+```
+
+## Pull Streams to Streaming Iterables
+
+The libp2p API no longer supports Pull Streams and has migrated to [Streaming Iterables][streaming_iterable]. If you would like to continue using Pull Streams in your application code, or need additional time to migrate your code base, you can leverage the conversion modules [async-iterator-to-pull-stream](https://github.com/alanshaw/async-iterator-to-pull-stream) and [pull-stream-to-async-iterator](https://github.com/alanshaw/pull-stream-to-async-iterator).
+
+For a growing list of async iterator modules, you should follow the [it-awesome repo][it_awesome].
+
+## Sample API Migrations
+
+### Registering Protocol Handlers
+
+Protocol registration is very similar to how it previously was, however, the handler now takes a single parameter containing the incoming stream and its protocol. Additionally, you can now pass an array of protocols to `.handle`, but a single string is still supported.
+
+**Before**
+```js
+const pull = require('pull-stream')
+libp2p.handle('/echo/1.0.0', (protocol, conn) => pull(conn, conn))
+```
+
+**After**
+```js
+const pipe = require('it-pipe')
+libp2p.handle(['/echo/1.0.0'], ({ protocol, stream }) => pipe(stream, stream))
+```
+
+### Dialing and Sending Data
+
+`dialProtocol` no longer takes a callback, and will now return a [Streaming Iterable][streaming_iterable] and the protocol that was successfully negotiated. The new stream can be used with async iterator modules, see [it-awesome][it_awesome], instead of pull streams.
+
+**Before**
+```js
+const pull = require('pull-stream')
+libp2p.dialProtocol(peerInfo, '/echo/1.0.0', (err, conn) => {
+  if (err) { throw err }
+  pull(
+    pull.values(['hey']),
+    conn,
+    pull.drain((data) => {
+      console.log('received echo:', data.toString())
+    }, (err) => {
+      if (err) { throw err }
+    })
+  )
+})
+```
+
+**After**
+```js
+const pipe = require('it-pipe')
+const { protocol, stream } = await libp2p.dialProtocol(peerInfo, '/echo/1.0.0')
+await pipe(
+  ['hey'],
+  stream,
+  async function (source) {
+    for await (const data of source) {
+      console.log('received echo:', data.toString())
+    }
+  }
+)
+```
+
+### Checking if a peer is connected
+
+`peerInfo.isConnected` has been deprecated. libp2p now tracks all connections centrally and will no longer update the state of `peerInfo.isConnected`. Consumers should switch to using `libp2p.registrar.getConnection(peerInfo)`, which will return an open connection to that peer if one exists.
+
+**Before**
+```js
+if (peerInfo.isConnected()) {
+  // ...do something if connected
+}
+```
+
+**After**
+```js
+const connection = libp2p.registrar.getConnection(peerInfo)
+if (connection) {
+  // ...do something if connected
+}
+```
+
+### Pinging another peer
+
+`libp2p.ping` will no longer callback with a `Ping` event emitter. The internal logic has been simplified to give more flexibility to the API. `libp2p.ping` will now execute a single ping and return the latency.
+
+**Before**
+```js
+libp2p.ping(peerInfo, (err, ping) => {
+  if (err) throw err
+  ping.once('ping', (latency) => {
+    console.log('Latency is %s ms', latency)
+    ping.stop()
+  })
+
+  ping.start()
+})
+```
+
+**After**
+```js
+const latency = await libp2p.ping(peerInfo)
+console.log('Latency is %s ms', latency)
+```
+
+### Pubsub
+
+#### Getting subscribers
+
+`libp2p.pubsub.peers()` is now `libp2p.pubsub.getSubscribers()` and is no longer an asynchronous action.
+
+**Before**
+```js
+libp2p.pubsub.peers(topic, (err, subscribers) => {
+  if (err) throw err
+  console.log('Subscribers:', subscribers)
+})
+```
+
+**After**
+```js
+const subscribers = libp2p.pubsub.getSubscribers(topic)
+console.log('Subscribers:', subscribers)
+```
+
+#### Getting subscribed topics
+
+`libp2p.pubsub.ls()` is now `libp2p.pubsub.getTopics()` and is no longer an asynchronous action.
+
+**Before**
+```js
+libp2p.pubsub.ls((err, topics) => {
+  if (err) throw err
+  console.log('Topics:', topics)
+})
+```
+
+**After**
+```js
+const topics = libp2p.pubsub.getTopics()
+console.log('Topics:', topics)
+```
+
+[api]: ../API.md
+[it_awesome]: https://github.com/alanshaw/it-awesome
+[streaming_iterable]: ../STREAMING_ITERABLES.md