[SPARK-36970][SQL] Manual disabled format B of date_format function to make Java 17 compatible with Java 8

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
The `date_format` function with `B` format has different behavior when use Java 8 and Java 17, `select date_format('2018-11-17 13:33:33.333', 'B')` in `datetime-formatting-invalid.sql` can prove this.

The case result with Java 8 is

```
-- !query
select date_format('2018-11-17 13:33:33.333', 'B')
-- !query schema
struct<>
-- !query output
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
Unknown pattern letter: B
```

and the case result with Java 17 is

```
- datetime-formatting-invalid.sql *** FAILED ***
  datetime-formatting-invalid.sql
  Expected "struct<[]>", but got "struct<[date_format(2018-11-17 13:33:33.333, B):string]>" Schema did not match for query #34
  select date_format('2018-11-17 13:33:33.333', 'B'): -- !query
  select date_format('2018-11-17 13:33:33.333', 'B')
  -- !query schema
  struct<date_format(2018-11-17 13:33:33.333, B):string>
  -- !query output
  in the afternoon (SQLQueryTestSuite.scala:469)
```

We found that this is due to the new support of format `B` in Java 17

```
'B' is used to represent Pattern letters to output a day period in Java 17

     *  Pattern  Count  Equivalent builder methods
     *  -------  -----  --------------------------
     *    B       1      appendDayPeriodText(TextStyle.SHORT)
     *    BBBB    4      appendDayPeriodText(TextStyle.FULL)
     *    BBBBB   5      appendDayPeriodText(TextStyle.NARROW)
```

And through [ http://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-datetime-pattern.html]( http://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-ref-datetime-pattern.html) , we can confirm that format `B` is not documented/supported for `date_format` function currently.

So the main change of this pr is manual disabled format `B` of `date_format` function in `DateTimeFormatterHelper` to make Java 17 compatible with Java 8.

### Why are the changes needed?
Ensure that Java 17 and Java 8 have the same behavior.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?
No.

### How was this patch tested?

- Pass the Jenkins or GitHub Action
- Manual test `SQLQueryTestSuite` with JDK 17

**Before**

```
- datetime-formatting-invalid.sql *** FAILED ***
  datetime-formatting-invalid.sql
  Expected "struct<[]>", but got "struct<[date_format(2018-11-17 13:33:33.333, B):string]>" Schema did not match for query #34
  select date_format('2018-11-17 13:33:33.333', 'B'): -- !query
  select date_format('2018-11-17 13:33:33.333', 'B')
  -- !query schema
  struct<date_format(2018-11-17 13:33:33.333, B):string>
  -- !query output
  in the afternoon (SQLQueryTestSuite.scala:469)
```

**After**
The test `select date_format('2018-11-17 13:33:33.333', 'B')` in `datetime-formatting-invalid.sql`  passed

Closes #34237 from LuciferYang/SPARK-36970.

Authored-by: yangjie01 <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Max Gekk <[email protected]>

Author: LuciferYang

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/util/DateTimeFormatterHelper.scala

@@ -279,7 +279,11 @@ private object DateTimeFormatterHelper {
   // localized, for the default Locale.US, it uses Sunday as the first day of week, while in Spark
   // 2.4, the SimpleDateFormat uses Monday as the first day of week.
   final val weekBasedLetters = Set('Y', 'W', 'w', 'u', 'e', 'c')
-  final val unsupportedLetters = Set('A', 'n', 'N', 'p')
+  // SPARK-36970: `select date_format('2018-11-17 13:33:33.333', 'B')` failed with Java 8,
+  // but use Java 17 will return `in the afternoon` because 'B' is used to represent
+  // `Pattern letters to output a day period` in Java 17. So there manual disabled `B` for
+  // compatibility with Java 8 behavior.
+  final val unsupportedLetters = Set('A', 'B', 'n', 'N', 'p')
   // The quarter fields will also be parsed strangely, e.g. when the pattern contains `yMd` and can
   // be directly resolved then the `q` do check for whether the month is valid, but if the date
   // fields is incomplete, e.g. `yM`, the checking will be bypassed.

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/util/DatetimeFormatterSuite.scala

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ trait DatetimeFormatterSuite extends SparkFunSuite with SQLHelper with Matchers
 
     Seq(true, false).foreach { isParsing =>
       // not support by the legacy one too
-      val unsupportedBoth = Seq("QQQQQ", "qqqqq", "eeeee", "A", "c", "n", "N", "p", "e")
+      val unsupportedBoth = Seq("QQQQQ", "qqqqq", "eeeee", "A", "B", "c", "n", "N", "p", "e")
       unsupportedBoth.foreach { pattern =>
         intercept[IllegalArgumentException](checkFormatterCreation(pattern, isParsing))
       }

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/results/datetime-formatting-invalid.sql.out

@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ select date_format('2018-11-17 13:33:33.333', 'B')
 struct<>
 -- !query output
 java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
-Unknown pattern letter: B
+Illegal pattern character: B
 
 
 -- !query