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docs: clarify points to address common issues
* Repeated reminders to only include mat-core once. * Note about including a theme file via styleUrls * Add section for theming only certain components * Move section on overlay theming after section for multiple themes
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‎guides/theming.md‎

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@@ -50,35 +50,27 @@ Finally, if your app's content **is not** placed inside of a `md-sidenav-contain
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need to add the `mat-app-background` class to your wrapper element (for example the `body`). This
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ensures that the proper theme background is applied to your page.
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#### Theming overlay-based components
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Since certain components (e.g. `dialog`) are inside of a global overlay container, your theme may
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not be applied to them. In order to define the theme that will be used for overlay components, you
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have to specify it on the global `OverlayContainer` instance:
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```ts
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import {OverlayContainer} from '@angular/material';
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@NgModule({
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// misc config goes here
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})
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export class YourAppModule {
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constructor(overlayContainer: OverlayContainer) {
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overlayContainer.themeClass = 'your-theme';
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}
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}
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```
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### Defining a custom theme
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When you want more customization than a pre-built theme offers, you can create your own theme file.
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A theme file is a simple Sass file that defines your palettes and passes them to mixins that output
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the corresponding styles. A typical theme file will look something like this:
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A custom theme file does two thing:
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1. Imports the `mat-core()` sass mixin. This includes all common styles that are used by multiple
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components. **This should only be included once in your application.** If this mixin is included
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multiple times, your application will end up with multiple copies of these common styles.
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2. Defines a **theme** data structure as the composition of multiple palettes. This object can be
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created with either the `mat-light-theme` function or the `mat-dark-theme` function. The output of
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this function is then passed to the `angular-material-theme` mixin, which will output all of the
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corresponding styles for the theme.
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A typical theme file will look something like this:
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```scss
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@import '~@angular/material/theming';
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// Plus imports for other components in your app.
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// Include the base styles for Angular Material core. We include this here so that you only
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// Include the common styles for Angular Material. We include this here so that you only
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// have to load a single css file for Angular Material in your app.
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// Be sure that you only ever include this mixin once!
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@include mat-core();
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// Define the palettes for your theme using the Material Design palettes available in palette.scss
@@ -110,28 +102,111 @@ as gulp-sass or grunt-sass). The simplest approach is to use the `node-sass` CLI
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```
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node-sass src/unicorn-app-theme.scss dist/unicorn-app-theme.css
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```
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and then include the output file in your application.
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and then include the output file in your index.html.
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The theme file can be concatenated and minified with the rest of the application's css.
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Note that if you include the generated theme file in the `styleUrls` of an Angular component, those
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styles will be subject to that component's [view encapsultion](https://angular.io/docs/ts/latest/guide/component-styles.html#!#view-encapsulation).
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#### Multiple themes
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You can extend the example above to define a second (or third or fourth) theme that is gated by
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some selector. For example, we could append the following to the example above to define a
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secondary dark theme:
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You can create multiple themes for you application by including the `angular-material-theme` mixin
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multiple times, where each inclusion is gated by an additional CSS class.
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Remember to only ever include the `@mat-core` mixin only once; it should not be included for each
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theme.
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##### Example of defining multiple themes:
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```scss
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.unicorn-dark-theme {
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$dark-primary: mat-palette($mat-blue-grey);
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$dark-accent: mat-palette($mat-amber, A200, A100, A400);
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$dark-warn: mat-palette($mat-deep-orange);
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@import '~@angular/material/theming';
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// Plus imports for other components in your app.
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// Include the common styles for Angular Material. We include this here so that you only
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// have to load a single css file for Angular Material in your app.
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// **Be sure that you only ever include this mixin once!**
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@include mat-core();
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// Define the default theme (same as the example above).
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$candy-app-primary: mat-palette($mat-indigo);
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$candy-app-accent: mat-palette($mat-pink, A200, A100, A400);
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$candy-app-theme: mat-light-theme($candy-app-primary, $candy-app-accent);
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// Include the default theme styles.
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@include angular-material-theme($candy-app-theme);
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$dark-theme: mat-dark-theme($dark-primary, $dark-accent, $dark-warn);
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// Define a alternate dark theme.
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$dark-primary: mat-palette($mat-blue-grey);
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$dark-accent: mat-palette($mat-amber, A200, A100, A400);
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$dark-warn: mat-palette($mat-deep-orange);
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$dark-theme: mat-dark-theme($dark-primary, $dark-accent, $dark-warn);
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// Include the alternative theme styles inside of a block with a CSS class. You can make this
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// CSS class whatever you want. In this example, any component inside of an element with
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// `.unicorn-dark-theme` will be affected by this alternate dark theme instead of the default theme.
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.unicorn-dark-theme {
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@include angular-material-theme($dark-theme);
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}
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```
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With this, any element inside of a parent with the `unicorn-dark-theme` class will use this
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dark theme.
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In the above example, any component inside of a parent with the `unicorn-dark-theme` class will use
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the dark theme, while other components will fall back to the default `$candy-app-theme`.
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You can include as many themes as you like in this manner. You can also `@include` the
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`angular-material-theme` in separate files and then lazily load them based on an end-user
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interaction (how to lazily load the CSS assets will vary based on your application).
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It's important to remember, however, that the `mat-core` mixin should only ever be included _once_.
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##### Multiple themes and overlay-based components
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Since certain components (e.g. `dialog`) are inside of a global overlay container, the selector that
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determines the theme (such as the `.unicorn-dark-theme` example above), an additional step is needed
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to affect overlay-based components (menu, select, dialog, etc.).
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To do this, can you specify a `themeClass` on the global overlay container. For the example above,
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this would look like:
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```ts
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import {OverlayContainer} from '@angular/material';
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@NgModule({
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// ...
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})
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export class UnicornCandyAppModule {
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constructor(overlayContainer: OverlayContainer) {
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overlayContainer.themeClass = 'unicorn-dark-theme';
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}
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}
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```
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The `themeClass` of the `OverlayContainer` can be changed at any time to change the active theme
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class.
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#### Theming only certain components
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The `angular-material-theme` mixin will output styles for [all components in the library](https://github.com/angular/material2/blob/master/src/lib/core/theming/_all-theme.scss).
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If you are only using a subset of the components (or if you want to change the theme for specific
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components), you can include theme component-specific theme mixins. You also will need to include
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the `mat-core-theme` mixin as well, which contains theme-specific styles for common behaviors
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(such as ripples).
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```scss
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@import '~@angular/material/theming';
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// Plus imports for other components in your app.
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// Include the common styles for Angular Material. We include this here so that you only
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// have to load a single css file for Angular Material in your app.
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// **Be sure that you only ever include this mixin once!**
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@include mat-core();
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// Define the theme.
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$candy-app-primary: mat-palette($mat-indigo);
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$candy-app-accent: mat-palette($mat-pink, A200, A100, A400);
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$candy-app-theme: mat-light-theme($candy-app-primary, $candy-app-accent);
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// Include the theme styles for only specified components.
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@include mat-core-theme($theme);
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@include mat-button-theme($theme);
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@include mat-checkbox-theme($theme);
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```
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### Theming your own components
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For more details about theming your own components,

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