build: update to Angular 19.2 and TypeScript 5.8 final (#30574)

Updates the repo to Angular 19.2 and TypeScript 5.8 final. Also updates the docs site, Stackblitz template and vendored Yarn version.

(cherry picked from commit ef62d5c)

Author: crisbeto

integration/harness-e2e-cli/package.json

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
     "karma-jasmine-html-reporter": "~1.7.0",
     "selenium-webdriver": "3.6.0",
     "ts-node": "~10.9.1",
-    "typescript": "5.7.2",
+    "typescript": "5.8.2",
     "wait-on": "^6.0.0"
   },
   "resolutions": {