From 7a5b18375cf9a49444134e5607ea2945069e9e29 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ron Date: Mon, 8 Oct 2018 11:09:51 -0600 Subject: [PATCH 01/42] 3.1.0 prep --- versions/3.1.0.md | 3414 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 3414 insertions(+) create mode 100644 versions/3.1.0.md diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..58d354f3fc --- /dev/null +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -0,0 +1,3414 @@ +# OpenAPI Specification + +#### Version 3.1.0 + +The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [BCP 14](https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp14) [RFC2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119) [RFC8174](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8174) when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here. + +This document is licensed under [The Apache License, Version 2.0](https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html). + +## Introduction + +The OpenAPI Specification (OAS) defines a standard, language-agnostic interface to RESTful APIs which allows both humans and computers to discover and understand the capabilities of the service without access to source code, documentation, or through network traffic inspection. When properly defined, a consumer can understand and interact with the remote service with a minimal amount of implementation logic. + +An OpenAPI definition can then be used by documentation generation tools to display the API, code generation tools to generate servers and clients in various programming languages, testing tools, and many other use cases. + +## Table of Contents + + +- [Definitions](#definitions) + - [OpenAPI Document](#oasDocument) + - [Path Templating](#pathTemplating) + - [Media Types](#mediaTypes) + - [HTTP Status Codes](#httpCodes) +- [Specification](#specification) + - [Versions](#versions) + - [Format](#format) + - [Document Structure](#documentStructure) + - [Data Types](#dataTypes) + - [Rich Text Formatting](#richText) + - [Relative References In URLs](#relativeReferences) + - [Schema](#schema) + - [OpenAPI Object](#oasObject) + - [Info Object](#infoObject) + - [Contact Object](#contactObject) + - [License Object](#licenseObject) + - [Server Object](#serverObject) + - [Server Variable Object](#serverVariableObject) + - [Components Object](#componentsObject) + - [Paths Object](#pathsObject) + - [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) + - [Operation Object](#operationObject) + - [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) + - [Parameter Object](#parameterObject) + - [Request Body Object](#requestBodyObject) + - [Media Type Object](#mediaTypeObject) + - [Encoding Object](#encodingObject) + - [Responses Object](#responsesObject) + - [Response Object](#responseObject) + - [Callback Object](#callbackObject) + - [Example Object](#exampleObject) + - [Link Object](#linkObject) + - [Header Object](#headerObject) + - [Tag Object](#tagObject) + - [Reference Object](#referenceObject) + - [Schema Object](#schemaObject) + - [Discriminator Object](#discriminatorObject) + - [XML Object](#xmlObject) + - [Security Scheme Object](#securitySchemeObject) + - [OAuth Flows Object](#oauthFlowsObject) + - [OAuth Flow Object](#oauthFlowObject) + - [Security Requirement Object](#securityRequirementObject) + - [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions) + - [Security Filtering](#securityFiltering) +- [Appendix A: Revision History](#revisionHistory) + + + + +## Definitions + +##### OpenAPI Document +A document (or set of documents) that defines or describes an API. An OpenAPI definition uses and conforms to the OpenAPI Specification. + +##### Path Templating +Path templating refers to the usage of curly braces ({}) to mark a section of a URL path as replaceable using path parameters. + +##### Media Types +Media type definitions are spread across several resources. +The media type definitions SHOULD be in compliance with [RFC6838](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6838). + +Some examples of possible media type definitions: +``` + text/plain; charset=utf-8 + application/json + application/vnd.github+json + application/vnd.github.v3+json + application/vnd.github.v3.raw+json + application/vnd.github.v3.text+json + application/vnd.github.v3.html+json + application/vnd.github.v3.full+json + application/vnd.github.v3.diff + application/vnd.github.v3.patch +``` +##### HTTP Status Codes +The HTTP Status Codes are used to indicate the status of the executed operation. +The available status codes are defined by [RFC7231](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-6) and registered status codes are listed in the [IANA Status Code Registry](https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes/http-status-codes.xhtml). + +## Specification + +### Versions + +The OpenAPI Specification is versioned using [Semantic Versioning 2.0.0](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html) (semver) and follows the semver specification. + +The `major`.`minor` portion of the semver (for example `3.0`) SHALL designate the OAS feature set. Typically, *`.patch`* versions address errors in this document, not the feature set. Tooling which supports OAS 3.0 SHOULD be compatible with all OAS 3.0.\* versions. The patch version SHOULD NOT be considered by tooling, making no distinction between `3.0.0` and `3.0.1` for example. + +Subsequent minor version releases of the OpenAPI Specification (incrementing the `minor` version number) SHOULD NOT interfere with tooling developed to a lower minor version and same major version. Thus a hypothetical `3.1.0` specification SHOULD be usable with tooling designed for `3.0.0`. + +An OpenAPI document compatible with OAS 3.\*.\* contains a required [`openapi`](#oasVersion) field which designates the semantic version of the OAS that it uses. (OAS 2.0 documents contain a top-level version field named [`swagger`](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/2.0.md#swaggerObject) and value `"2.0"`.) + +### Format + +An OpenAPI document that conforms to the OpenAPI Specification is itself a JSON object, which may be represented either in JSON or YAML format. + +For example, if a field has an array value, the JSON array representation will be used: + +```json +{ + "field": [ 1, 2, 3 ] +} +``` +All field names in the specification are **case sensitive**. +This includes all fields that are used as keys in a map, except where explicitly noted that keys are **case insensitive**. + +The schema exposes two types of fields: Fixed fields, which have a declared name, and Patterned fields, which declare a regex pattern for the field name. + +Patterned fields MUST have unique names within the containing object. + +In order to preserve the ability to round-trip between YAML and JSON formats, YAML version [1.2](http://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html) is RECOMMENDED along with some additional constraints: + +- Tags MUST be limited to those allowed by the [JSON Schema ruleset](http://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2803231). +- Keys used in YAML maps MUST be limited to a scalar string, as defined by the [YAML Failsafe schema ruleset](http://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2802346). + +**Note:** While APIs may be defined by OpenAPI documents in either YAML or JSON format, the API request and response bodies and other content are not required to be JSON or YAML. + +### Document Structure + +An OpenAPI document MAY be made up of a single document or be divided into multiple, connected parts at the discretion of the user. In the latter case, `$ref` fields MUST be used in the specification to reference those parts as follows from the [JSON Schema](http://json-schema.org) definitions. + +It is RECOMMENDED that the root OpenAPI document be named: `openapi.json` or `openapi.yaml`. + +### Data Types + +Primitive data types in the OAS are based on the types supported by the [JSON Schema Specification Wright Draft 00](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wright-json-schema-00#section-4.2). +Note that `integer` as a type is also supported and is defined as a JSON number without a fraction or exponent part. +`null` is not supported as a type (see [`nullable`](#schemaNullable) for an alternative solution). +Models are defined using the [Schema Object](#schemaObject), which is an extended subset of JSON Schema Specification Wright Draft 00. + +Primitives have an optional modifier property: `format`. +OAS uses several known formats to define in fine detail the data type being used. +However, to support documentation needs, the `format` property is an open `string`-valued property, and can have any value. +Formats such as `"email"`, `"uuid"`, and so on, MAY be used even though undefined by this specification. +Types that are not accompanied by a `format` property follow the type definition in the JSON Schema. Tools that do not recognize a specific `format` MAY default back to the `type` alone, as if the `format` is not specified. + +The formats defined by the OAS are: + +[`type`](#dataTypes) | [`format`](#dataTypeFormat) | Comments +------ | -------- | -------- +`integer` | `int32` | signed 32 bits +`integer` | `int64` | signed 64 bits (a.k.a long) +`number` | `float` | | +`number` | `double` | | +`string` | | | +`string` | `byte` | base64 encoded characters +`string` | `binary` | any sequence of octets +`boolean` | | | +`string` | `date` | As defined by `full-date` - [RFC3339](https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/html/rfc3339.html#anchor14) +`string` | `date-time` | As defined by `date-time` - [RFC3339](https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/html/rfc3339.html#anchor14) +`string` | `password` | A hint to UIs to obscure input. + + +### Rich Text Formatting +Throughout the specification `description` fields are noted as supporting CommonMark markdown formatting. +Where OpenAPI tooling renders rich text it MUST support, at a minimum, markdown syntax as described by [CommonMark 0.27](http://spec.commonmark.org/0.27/). Tooling MAY choose to ignore some CommonMark features to address security concerns. + +### Relative References in URLs + +Unless specified otherwise, all properties that are URLs MAY be relative references as defined by [RFC3986](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4.2). +Relative references are resolved using the URLs defined in the [`Server Object`](#serverObject) as a Base URI. + +Relative references used in `$ref` are processed as per [JSON Reference](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pbryan-zyp-json-ref-03), using the URL of the current document as the base URI. See also the [Reference Object](#referenceObject). + +### Schema + +In the following description, if a field is not explicitly **REQUIRED** or described with a MUST or SHALL, it can be considered OPTIONAL. + +#### OpenAPI Object + +This is the root document object of the [OpenAPI document](#oasDocument). + +##### Fixed Fields + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +openapi | `string` | **REQUIRED**. This string MUST be the [semantic version number](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html) of the [OpenAPI Specification version](#versions) that the OpenAPI document uses. The `openapi` field SHOULD be used by tooling specifications and clients to interpret the OpenAPI document. This is *not* related to the API [`info.version`](#infoVersion) string. +info | [Info Object](#infoObject) | **REQUIRED**. Provides metadata about the API. The metadata MAY be used by tooling as required. +servers | [[Server Object](#serverObject)] | An array of Server Objects, which provide connectivity information to a target server. If the `servers` property is not provided, or is an empty array, the default value would be a [Server Object](#serverObject) with a [url](#serverUrl) value of `/`. +paths | [Paths Object](#pathsObject) | **REQUIRED**. The available paths and operations for the API. +components | [Components Object](#componentsObject) | An element to hold various schemas for the specification. +security | [[Security Requirement Object](#securityRequirementObject)] | A declaration of which security mechanisms can be used across the API. The list of values includes alternative security requirement objects that can be used. Only one of the security requirement objects need to be satisfied to authorize a request. Individual operations can override this definition. +tags | [[Tag Object](#tagObject)] | A list of tags used by the specification with additional metadata. The order of the tags can be used to reflect on their order by the parsing tools. Not all tags that are used by the [Operation Object](#operationObject) must be declared. The tags that are not declared MAY be organized randomly or based on the tools' logic. Each tag name in the list MUST be unique. +externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +#### Info Object + +The object provides metadata about the API. +The metadata MAY be used by the clients if needed, and MAY be presented in editing or documentation generation tools for convenience. + +##### Fixed Fields + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +title | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The title of the application. +description | `string` | A short description of the application. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +termsOfService | `string` | A URL to the Terms of Service for the API. MUST be in the format of a URL. +contact | [Contact Object](#contactObject) | The contact information for the exposed API. +license | [License Object](#licenseObject) | The license information for the exposed API. +version | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The version of the OpenAPI document (which is distinct from the [OpenAPI Specification version](#oasVersion) or the API implementation version). + + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Info Object Example + +```json +{ + "title": "Sample Pet Store App", + "description": "This is a sample server for a pet store.", + "termsOfService": "http://example.com/terms/", + "contact": { + "name": "API Support", + "url": "http://www.example.com/support", + "email": "support@example.com" + }, + "license": { + "name": "Apache 2.0", + "url": "https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html" + }, + "version": "1.0.1" +} +``` + +```yaml +title: Sample Pet Store App +description: This is a sample server for a pet store. +termsOfService: http://example.com/terms/ +contact: + name: API Support + url: http://www.example.com/support + email: support@example.com +license: + name: Apache 2.0 + url: https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html +version: 1.0.1 +``` + +#### Contact Object + +Contact information for the exposed API. + +##### Fixed Fields + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +name | `string` | The identifying name of the contact person/organization. +url | `string` | The URL pointing to the contact information. MUST be in the format of a URL. +email | `string` | The email address of the contact person/organization. MUST be in the format of an email address. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Contact Object Example + +```json +{ + "name": "API Support", + "url": "http://www.example.com/support", + "email": "support@example.com" +} +``` + +```yaml +name: API Support +url: http://www.example.com/support +email: support@example.com +``` + +#### License Object + +License information for the exposed API. + +##### Fixed Fields + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +name | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The license name used for the API. +url | `string` | A URL to the license used for the API. MUST be in the format of a URL. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### License Object Example + +```json +{ + "name": "Apache 2.0", + "url": "https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html" +} +``` + +```yaml +name: Apache 2.0 +url: https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html +``` + +#### Server Object + +An object representing a Server. + +##### Fixed Fields + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +url | `string` | **REQUIRED**. A URL to the target host. This URL supports Server Variables and MAY be relative, to indicate that the host location is relative to the location where the OpenAPI document is being served. Variable substitutions will be made when a variable is named in `{`brackets`}`. +description | `string` | An optional string describing the host designated by the URL. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +variables | Map[`string`, [Server Variable Object](#serverVariableObject)] | A map between a variable name and its value. The value is used for substitution in the server's URL template. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Server Object Example + +A single server would be described as: + +```json +{ + "url": "https://development.gigantic-server.com/v1", + "description": "Development server" +} +``` + +```yaml +url: https://development.gigantic-server.com/v1 +description: Development server +``` + +The following shows how multiple servers can be described, for example, at the OpenAPI Object's [`servers`](#oasServers): + +```json +{ + "servers": [ + { + "url": "https://development.gigantic-server.com/v1", + "description": "Development server" + }, + { + "url": "https://staging.gigantic-server.com/v1", + "description": "Staging server" + }, + { + "url": "https://api.gigantic-server.com/v1", + "description": "Production server" + } + ] +} +``` + +```yaml +servers: +- url: https://development.gigantic-server.com/v1 + description: Development server +- url: https://staging.gigantic-server.com/v1 + description: Staging server +- url: https://api.gigantic-server.com/v1 + description: Production server +``` + +The following shows how variables can be used for a server configuration: + +```json +{ + "servers": [ + { + "url": "https://{username}.gigantic-server.com:{port}/{basePath}", + "description": "The production API server", + "variables": { + "username": { + "default": "demo", + "description": "this value is assigned by the service provider, in this example `gigantic-server.com`" + }, + "port": { + "enum": [ + "8443", + "443" + ], + "default": "8443" + }, + "basePath": { + "default": "v2" + } + } + } + ] +} +``` + +```yaml +servers: +- url: https://{username}.gigantic-server.com:{port}/{basePath} + description: The production API server + variables: + username: + # note! no enum here means it is an open value + default: demo + description: this value is assigned by the service provider, in this example `gigantic-server.com` + port: + enum: + - '8443' + - '443' + default: '8443' + basePath: + # open meaning there is the opportunity to use special base paths as assigned by the provider, default is `v2` + default: v2 +``` + + +#### Server Variable Object + +An object representing a Server Variable for server URL template substitution. + +##### Fixed Fields + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +enum | [`string`] | An enumeration of string values to be used if the substitution options are from a limited set. +default | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The default value to use for substitution, which SHALL be sent if an alternate value is _not_ supplied. Note this behavior is different than the [Schema Object's](#schemaObject) treatment of default values, because in those cases parameter values are optional. +description | `string` | An optional description for the server variable. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +#### Components Object + +Holds a set of reusable objects for different aspects of the OAS. +All objects defined within the components object will have no effect on the API unless they are explicitly referenced from properties outside the components object. + + +##### Fixed Fields + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---|--- + schemas | Map[`string`, [Schema Object](#schemaObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Schema Objects](#schemaObject). + responses | Map[`string`, [Response Object](#responseObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Response Objects](#responseObject). + parameters | Map[`string`, [Parameter Object](#parameterObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Parameter Objects](#parameterObject). + examples | Map[`string`, [Example Object](#exampleObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Example Objects](#exampleObject). + requestBodies | Map[`string`, [Request Body Object](#requestBodyObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Request Body Objects](#requestBodyObject). + headers | Map[`string`, [Header Object](#headerObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Header Objects](#headerObject). + securitySchemes| Map[`string`, [Security Scheme Object](#securitySchemeObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Security Scheme Objects](#securitySchemeObject). + links | Map[`string`, [Link Object](#linkObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Link Objects](#linkObject). + callbacks | Map[`string`, [Callback Object](#callbackObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Callback Objects](#callbackObject). + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +All the fixed fields declared above are objects that MUST use keys that match the regular expression: `^[a-zA-Z0-9\.\-_]+$`. + +Field Name Examples: + +``` +User +User_1 +User_Name +user-name +my.org.User +``` + +##### Components Object Example + +```json +"components": { + "schemas": { + "GeneralError": { + "type": "object", + "properties": { + "code": { + "type": "integer", + "format": "int32" + }, + "message": { + "type": "string" + } + } + }, + "Category": { + "type": "object", + "properties": { + "id": { + "type": "integer", + "format": "int64" + }, + "name": { + "type": "string" + } + } + }, + "Tag": { + "type": "object", + "properties": { + "id": { + "type": "integer", + "format": "int64" + }, + "name": { + "type": "string" + } + } + } + }, + "parameters": { + "skipParam": { + "name": "skip", + "in": "query", + "description": "number of items to skip", + "required": true, + "schema": { + "type": "integer", + "format": "int32" + } + }, + "limitParam": { + "name": "limit", + "in": "query", + "description": "max records to return", + "required": true, + "schema" : { + "type": "integer", + "format": "int32" + } + } + }, + "responses": { + "NotFound": { + "description": "Entity not found." + }, + "IllegalInput": { + "description": "Illegal input for operation." + }, + "GeneralError": { + "description": "General Error", + "content": { + "application/json": { + "schema": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/GeneralError" + } + } + } + } + }, + "securitySchemes": { + "api_key": { + "type": "apiKey", + "name": "api_key", + "in": "header" + }, + "petstore_auth": { + "type": "oauth2", + "flows": { + "implicit": { + "authorizationUrl": "http://example.org/api/oauth/dialog", + "scopes": { + "write:pets": "modify pets in your account", + "read:pets": "read your pets" + } + } + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +components: + schemas: + GeneralError: + type: object + properties: + code: + type: integer + format: int32 + message: + type: string + Category: + type: object + properties: + id: + type: integer + format: int64 + name: + type: string + Tag: + type: object + properties: + id: + type: integer + format: int64 + name: + type: string + parameters: + skipParam: + name: skip + in: query + description: number of items to skip + required: true + schema: + type: integer + format: int32 + limitParam: + name: limit + in: query + description: max records to return + required: true + schema: + type: integer + format: int32 + responses: + NotFound: + description: Entity not found. + IllegalInput: + description: Illegal input for operation. + GeneralError: + description: General Error + content: + application/json: + schema: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/GeneralError' + securitySchemes: + api_key: + type: apiKey + name: api_key + in: header + petstore_auth: + type: oauth2 + flows: + implicit: + authorizationUrl: http://example.org/api/oauth/dialog + scopes: + write:pets: modify pets in your account + read:pets: read your pets +``` + + +#### Paths Object + +Holds the relative paths to the individual endpoints and their operations. +The path is appended to the URL from the [`Server Object`](#serverObject) in order to construct the full URL. The Paths MAY be empty, due to [ACL constraints](#securityFiltering). + +##### Patterned Fields + +Field Pattern | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +/{path} | [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) | A relative path to an individual endpoint. The field name MUST begin with a slash. The path is **appended** (no relative URL resolution) to the expanded URL from the [`Server Object`](#serverObject)'s `url` field in order to construct the full URL. [Path templating](#pathTemplating) is allowed. When matching URLs, concrete (non-templated) paths would be matched before their templated counterparts. Templated paths with the same hierarchy but different templated names MUST NOT exist as they are identical. In case of ambiguous matching, it's up to the tooling to decide which one to use. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Path Templating Matching + +Assuming the following paths, the concrete definition, `/pets/mine`, will be matched first if used: + +``` + /pets/{petId} + /pets/mine +``` + +The following paths are considered identical and invalid: + +``` + /pets/{petId} + /pets/{name} +``` + +The following may lead to ambiguous resolution: + +``` + /{entity}/me + /books/{id} +``` + +##### Paths Object Example + +```json +{ + "/pets": { + "get": { + "description": "Returns all pets from the system that the user has access to", + "responses": { + "200": { + "description": "A list of pets.", + "content": { + "application/json": { + "schema": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/pet" + } + } + } + } + } + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +/pets: + get: + description: Returns all pets from the system that the user has access to + responses: + '200': + description: A list of pets. + content: + application/json: + schema: + type: array + items: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/pet' +``` + +#### Path Item Object + +Describes the operations available on a single path. +A Path Item MAY be empty, due to [ACL constraints](#securityFiltering). +The path itself is still exposed to the documentation viewer but they will not know which operations and parameters are available. + +##### Fixed Fields + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +$ref | `string` | Allows for an external definition of this path item. The referenced structure MUST be in the format of a [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject). If there are conflicts between the referenced definition and this Path Item's definition, the behavior is *undefined*. +summary| `string` | An optional, string summary, intended to apply to all operations in this path. +description | `string` | An optional, string description, intended to apply to all operations in this path. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +get | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a GET operation on this path. +put | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a PUT operation on this path. +post | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a POST operation on this path. +delete | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a DELETE operation on this path. +options | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a OPTIONS operation on this path. +head | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a HEAD operation on this path. +patch | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a PATCH operation on this path. +trace | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a TRACE operation on this path. +servers | [[Server Object](#serverObject)] | An alternative `server` array to service all operations in this path. +parameters | [[Parameter Object](#parameterObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A list of parameters that are applicable for all the operations described under this path. These parameters can be overridden at the operation level, but cannot be removed there. The list MUST NOT include duplicated parameters. A unique parameter is defined by a combination of a [name](#parameterName) and [location](#parameterIn). The list can use the [Reference Object](#referenceObject) to link to parameters that are defined at the [OpenAPI Object's components/parameters](#componentsParameters). + + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Path Item Object Example + +```json +{ + "get": { + "description": "Returns pets based on ID", + "summary": "Find pets by ID", + "operationId": "getPetsById", + "responses": { + "200": { + "description": "pet response", + "content": { + "*/*": { + "schema": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Pet" + } + } + } + } + }, + "default": { + "description": "error payload", + "content": { + "text/html": { + "schema": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ErrorModel" + } + } + } + } + } + }, + "parameters": [ + { + "name": "id", + "in": "path", + "description": "ID of pet to use", + "required": true, + "schema": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "type": "string" + } + }, + "style": "simple" + } + ] +} +``` + +```yaml +get: + description: Returns pets based on ID + summary: Find pets by ID + operationId: getPetsById + responses: + '200': + description: pet response + content: + '*/*' : + schema: + type: array + items: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/Pet' + default: + description: error payload + content: + 'text/html': + schema: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorModel' +parameters: +- name: id + in: path + description: ID of pet to use + required: true + schema: + type: array + style: simple + items: + type: string +``` + +#### Operation Object + +Describes a single API operation on a path. + +##### Fixed Fields + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +tags | [`string`] | A list of tags for API documentation control. Tags can be used for logical grouping of operations by resources or any other qualifier. +summary | `string` | A short summary of what the operation does. +description | `string` | A verbose explanation of the operation behavior. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this operation. +operationId | `string` | Unique string used to identify the operation. The id MUST be unique among all operations described in the API. The operationId value is **case-sensitive**. Tools and libraries MAY use the operationId to uniquely identify an operation, therefore, it is RECOMMENDED to follow common programming naming conventions. +parameters | [[Parameter Object](#parameterObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A list of parameters that are applicable for this operation. If a parameter is already defined at the [Path Item](#pathItemParameters), the new definition will override it but can never remove it. The list MUST NOT include duplicated parameters. A unique parameter is defined by a combination of a [name](#parameterName) and [location](#parameterIn). The list can use the [Reference Object](#referenceObject) to link to parameters that are defined at the [OpenAPI Object's components/parameters](#componentsParameters). +requestBody | [Request Body Object](#requestBodyObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | The request body applicable for this operation. The `requestBody` is only supported in HTTP methods where the HTTP 1.1 specification [RFC7231](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.1) has explicitly defined semantics for request bodies. In other cases where the HTTP spec is vague, `requestBody` SHALL be ignored by consumers. +responses | [Responses Object](#responsesObject) | **REQUIRED**. The list of possible responses as they are returned from executing this operation. +callbacks | Map[`string`, [Callback Object](#callbackObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A map of possible out-of band callbacks related to the parent operation. The key is a unique identifier for the Callback Object. Each value in the map is a [Callback Object](#callbackObject) that describes a request that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. The key value used to identify the callback object is an expression, evaluated at runtime, that identifies a URL to use for the callback operation. +deprecated | `boolean` | Declares this operation to be deprecated. Consumers SHOULD refrain from usage of the declared operation. Default value is `false`. +security | [[Security Requirement Object](#securityRequirementObject)] | A declaration of which security mechanisms can be used for this operation. The list of values includes alternative security requirement objects that can be used. Only one of the security requirement objects need to be satisfied to authorize a request. This definition overrides any declared top-level [`security`](#oasSecurity). To remove a top-level security declaration, an empty array can be used. +servers | [[Server Object](#serverObject)] | An alternative `server` array to service this operation. If an alternative `server` object is specified at the Path Item Object or Root level, it will be overridden by this value. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Operation Object Example + +```json +{ + "tags": [ + "pet" + ], + "summary": "Updates a pet in the store with form data", + "operationId": "updatePetWithForm", + "parameters": [ + { + "name": "petId", + "in": "path", + "description": "ID of pet that needs to be updated", + "required": true, + "schema": { + "type": "string" + } + } + ], + "requestBody": { + "content": { + "application/x-www-form-urlencoded": { + "schema": { + "type": "object", + "properties": { + "name": { + "description": "Updated name of the pet", + "type": "string" + }, + "status": { + "description": "Updated status of the pet", + "type": "string" + } + }, + "required": ["status"] + } + } + } + }, + "responses": { + "200": { + "description": "Pet updated.", + "content": { + "application/json": {}, + "application/xml": {} + } + }, + "405": { + "description": "Method Not Allowed", + "content": { + "application/json": {}, + "application/xml": {} + } + } + }, + "security": [ + { + "petstore_auth": [ + "write:pets", + "read:pets" + ] + } + ] +} +``` + +```yaml +tags: +- pet +summary: Updates a pet in the store with form data +operationId: updatePetWithForm +parameters: +- name: petId + in: path + description: ID of pet that needs to be updated + required: true + schema: + type: string +requestBody: + content: + 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded': + schema: + properties: + name: + description: Updated name of the pet + type: string + status: + description: Updated status of the pet + type: string + required: + - status +responses: + '200': + description: Pet updated. + content: + 'application/json': {} + 'application/xml': {} + '405': + description: Method Not Allowed + content: + 'application/json': {} + 'application/xml': {} +security: +- petstore_auth: + - write:pets + - read:pets +``` + + +#### External Documentation Object + +Allows referencing an external resource for extended documentation. + +##### Fixed Fields + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +description | `string` | A short description of the target documentation. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +url | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The URL for the target documentation. Value MUST be in the format of a URL. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### External Documentation Object Example + +```json +{ + "description": "Find more info here", + "url": "https://example.com" +} +``` + +```yaml +description: Find more info here +url: https://example.com +``` + +#### Parameter Object + +Describes a single operation parameter. + +A unique parameter is defined by a combination of a [name](#parameterName) and [location](#parameterIn). + +##### Parameter Locations +There are four possible parameter locations specified by the `in` field: +* path - Used together with [Path Templating](#pathTemplating), where the parameter value is actually part of the operation's URL. This does not include the host or base path of the API. For example, in `/items/{itemId}`, the path parameter is `itemId`. +* query - Parameters that are appended to the URL. For example, in `/items?id=###`, the query parameter is `id`. +* header - Custom headers that are expected as part of the request. Note that [RFC7230](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#page-22) states header names are case insensitive. +* cookie - Used to pass a specific cookie value to the API. + + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +name | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the parameter. Parameter names are *case sensitive*. +in | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The location of the parameter. Possible values are "query", "header", "path" or "cookie". +description | `string` | A brief description of the parameter. This could contain examples of use. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +required | `boolean` | Determines whether this parameter is mandatory. If the [parameter location](#parameterIn) is "path", this property is **REQUIRED** and its value MUST be `true`. Otherwise, the property MAY be included and its default value is `false`. + deprecated | `boolean` | Specifies that a parameter is deprecated and SHOULD be transitioned out of usage. Default value is `false`. + allowEmptyValue | `boolean` | Sets the ability to pass empty-valued parameters. This is valid only for `query` parameters and allows sending a parameter with an empty value. Default value is `false`. If [`style`](#parameterStyle) is used, and if behavior is `n/a` (cannot be serialized), the value of `allowEmptyValue` SHALL be ignored. Use of this property is NOT RECOMMENDED, as it is likely to be removed in a later revision. + +The rules for serialization of the parameter are specified in one of two ways. +For simpler scenarios, a [`schema`](#parameterSchema) and [`style`](#parameterStyle) can describe the structure and syntax of the parameter. + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +style | `string` | Describes how the parameter value will be serialized depending on the type of the parameter value. Default values (based on value of `in`): for `query` - `form`; for `path` - `simple`; for `header` - `simple`; for `cookie` - `form`. +explode | `boolean` | When this is true, parameter values of type `array` or `object` generate separate parameters for each value of the array or key-value pair of the map. For other types of parameters this property has no effect. When [`style`](#parameterStyle) is `form`, the default value is `true`. For all other styles, the default value is `false`. +allowReserved | `boolean` | Determines whether the parameter value SHOULD allow reserved characters, as defined by [RFC3986](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.2) `:/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;=` to be included without percent-encoding. This property only applies to parameters with an `in` value of `query`. The default value is `false`. +schema | [Schema Object](#schemaObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | The schema defining the type used for the parameter. +example | Any | Example of the media type. The example SHOULD match the specified schema and encoding properties if present. The `example` field is mutually exclusive of the `examples` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` which contains an example, the `example` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. To represent examples of media types that cannot naturally be represented in JSON or YAML, a string value can contain the example with escaping where necessary. +examples | Map[ `string`, [Example Object](#exampleObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | Examples of the media type. Each example SHOULD contain a value in the correct format as specified in the parameter encoding. The `examples` field is mutually exclusive of the `example` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` which contains an example, the `examples` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. + +For more complex scenarios, the [`content`](#parameterContent) property can define the media type and schema of the parameter. +A parameter MUST contain either a `schema` property, or a `content` property, but not both. +When `example` or `examples` are provided in conjunction with the `schema` object, the example MUST follow the prescribed serialization strategy for the parameter. + + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +content | Map[`string`, [Media Type Object](#mediaTypeObject)] | A map containing the representations for the parameter. The key is the media type and the value describes it. The map MUST only contain one entry. + +##### Style Values + +In order to support common ways of serializing simple parameters, a set of `style` values are defined. + +`style` | [`type`](#dataTypes) | `in` | Comments +----------- | ------ | -------- | -------- +matrix | `primitive`, `array`, `object` | `path` | Path-style parameters defined by [RFC6570](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6570#section-3.2.7) +label | `primitive`, `array`, `object` | `path` | Label style parameters defined by [RFC6570](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6570#section-3.2.5) +form | `primitive`, `array`, `object` | `query`, `cookie` | Form style parameters defined by [RFC6570](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6570#section-3.2.8). This option replaces `collectionFormat` with a `csv` (when `explode` is false) or `multi` (when `explode` is true) value from OpenAPI 2.0. +simple | `array` | `path`, `header` | Simple style parameters defined by [RFC6570](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6570#section-3.2.2). This option replaces `collectionFormat` with a `csv` value from OpenAPI 2.0. +spaceDelimited | `array` | `query` | Space separated array values. This option replaces `collectionFormat` equal to `ssv` from OpenAPI 2.0. +pipeDelimited | `array` | `query` | Pipe separated array values. This option replaces `collectionFormat` equal to `pipes` from OpenAPI 2.0. +deepObject | `object` | `query` | Provides a simple way of rendering nested objects using form parameters. + + +##### Style Examples + +Assume a parameter named `color` has one of the following values: + +``` + string -> "blue" + array -> ["blue","black","brown"] + object -> { "R": 100, "G": 200, "B": 150 } +``` +The following table shows examples of rendering differences for each value. + +[`style`](#dataTypeFormat) | `explode` | `empty` | `string` | `array` | `object` +----------- | ------ | -------- | -------- | --------|------- +matrix | false | ;color | ;color=blue | ;color=blue,black,brown | ;color=R,100,G,200,B,150 +matrix | true | ;color | ;color=blue | ;color=blue;color=black;color=brown | ;R=100;G=200;B=150 +label | false | . | .blue | .blue.black.brown | .R.100.G.200.B.150 +label | true | . | .blue | .blue.black.brown | .R=100.G=200.B=150 +form | false | color= | color=blue | color=blue,black,brown | color=R,100,G,200,B,150 +form | true | color= | color=blue | color=blue&color=black&color=brown | R=100&G=200&B=150 +simple | false | n/a | blue | blue,black,brown | R,100,G,200,B,150 +simple | true | n/a | blue | blue,black,brown | R=100,G=200,B=150 +spaceDelimited | false | n/a | n/a | blue%20black%20brown | R%20100%20G%20200%20B%20150 +pipeDelimited | false | n/a | n/a | blue\|black\|brown | R\|100\|G\|200|G\|150 +deepObject | true | n/a | n/a | n/a | color[R]=100&color[G]=200&color[B]=150 + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Parameter Object Examples + +A header parameter with an array of 64 bit integer numbers: + +```json +{ + "name": "token", + "in": "header", + "description": "token to be passed as a header", + "required": true, + "schema": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "type": "integer", + "format": "int64" + } + }, + "style": "simple" +} +``` + +```yaml +name: token +in: header +description: token to be passed as a header +required: true +schema: + type: array + items: + type: integer + format: int64 +style: simple +``` + +A path parameter of a string value: +```json +{ + "name": "username", + "in": "path", + "description": "username to fetch", + "required": true, + "schema": { + "type": "string" + } +} +``` + +```yaml +name: username +in: path +description: username to fetch +required: true +schema: + type: string +``` + +An optional query parameter of a string value, allowing multiple values by repeating the query parameter: +```json +{ + "name": "id", + "in": "query", + "description": "ID of the object to fetch", + "required": false, + "schema": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "type": "string" + } + }, + "style": "form", + "explode": true +} +``` + +```yaml +name: id +in: query +description: ID of the object to fetch +required: false +schema: + type: array + items: + type: string +style: form +explode: true +``` + +A free-form query parameter, allowing undefined parameters of a specific type: +```json +{ + "in": "query", + "name": "freeForm", + "schema": { + "type": "object", + "additionalProperties": { + "type": "integer" + }, + }, + "style": "form" +} +``` + +```yaml +in: query +name: freeForm +schema: + type: object + additionalProperties: + type: integer +style: form +``` + +A complex parameter using `content` to define serialization: + +```json +{ + "in": "query", + "name": "coordinates", + "content": { + "application/json": { + "schema": { + "type": "object", + "required": [ + "lat", + "long" + ], + "properties": { + "lat": { + "type": "number" + }, + "long": { + "type": "number" + } + } + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +in: query +name: coordinates +content: + application/json: + schema: + type: object + required: + - lat + - long + properties: + lat: + type: number + long: + type: number +``` + +#### Request Body Object + +Describes a single request body. + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +description | `string` | A brief description of the request body. This could contain examples of use. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +content | Map[`string`, [Media Type Object](#mediaTypeObject)] | **REQUIRED**. The content of the request body. The key is a media type or [media type range](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#appendix-D) and the value describes it. For requests that match multiple keys, only the most specific key is applicable. e.g. text/plain overrides text/* +required | `boolean` | Determines if the request body is required in the request. Defaults to `false`. + + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Request Body Examples + +A request body with a referenced model definition. +```json +{ + "description": "user to add to the system", + "content": { + "application/json": { + "schema": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/User" + }, + "examples": { + "user" : { + "summary": "User Example", + "externalValue": "http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.json" + } + } + }, + "application/xml": { + "schema": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/User" + }, + "examples": { + "user" : { + "summary": "User example in XML", + "externalValue": "http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.xml" + } + } + }, + "text/plain": { + "examples": { + "user" : { + "summary": "User example in Plain text", + "externalValue": "http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.txt" + } + } + }, + "*/*": { + "examples": { + "user" : { + "summary": "User example in other format", + "externalValue": "http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.whatever" + } + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +description: user to add to the system +content: + 'application/json': + schema: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/User' + examples: + user: + summary: User Example + externalValue: 'http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.json' + 'application/xml': + schema: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/User' + examples: + user: + summary: User Example in XML + externalValue: 'http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.xml' + 'text/plain': + examples: + user: + summary: User example in text plain format + externalValue: 'http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.txt' + '*/*': + examples: + user: + summary: User example in other format + externalValue: 'http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.whatever' +``` + +A body parameter that is an array of string values: +```json +{ + "description": "user to add to the system", + "content": { + "text/plain": { + "schema": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "type": "string" + } + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +description: user to add to the system +required: true +content: + text/plain: + schema: + type: array + items: + type: string +``` + + +#### Media Type Object +Each Media Type Object provides schema and examples for the media type identified by its key. + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +schema | [Schema Object](#schemaObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | The schema defining the content of the request, response, or parameter. +example | Any | Example of the media type. The example object SHOULD be in the correct format as specified by the media type. The `example` field is mutually exclusive of the `examples` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` which contains an example, the `example` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. +examples | Map[ `string`, [Example Object](#exampleObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | Examples of the media type. Each example object SHOULD match the media type and specified schema if present. The `examples` field is mutually exclusive of the `example` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` which contains an example, the `examples` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. +encoding | Map[`string`, [Encoding Object](#encodingObject)] | A map between a property name and its encoding information. The key, being the property name, MUST exist in the schema as a property. The encoding object SHALL only apply to `requestBody` objects when the media type is `multipart` or `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Media Type Examples + +```json +{ + "application/json": { + "schema": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Pet" + }, + "examples": { + "cat" : { + "summary": "An example of a cat", + "value": + { + "name": "Fluffy", + "petType": "Cat", + "color": "White", + "gender": "male", + "breed": "Persian" + } + }, + "dog": { + "summary": "An example of a dog with a cat's name", + "value" : { + "name": "Puma", + "petType": "Dog", + "color": "Black", + "gender": "Female", + "breed": "Mixed" + }, + "frog": { + "$ref": "#/components/examples/frog-example" + } + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +application/json: + schema: + $ref: "#/components/schemas/Pet" + examples: + cat: + summary: An example of a cat + value: + name: Fluffy + petType: Cat + color: White + gender: male + breed: Persian + dog: + summary: An example of a dog with a cat's name + value: + name: Puma + petType: Dog + color: Black + gender: Female + breed: Mixed + frog: + $ref: "#/components/examples/frog-example" +``` + +##### Considerations for File Uploads + +In contrast with the 2.0 specification, `file` input/output content in OpenAPI is described with the same semantics as any other schema type. Specifically: + +```yaml +# content transferred with base64 encoding +schema: + type: string + format: base64 +``` + +```yaml +# content transferred in binary (octet-stream): +schema: + type: string + format: binary +``` + +These examples apply to either input payloads of file uploads or response payloads. + +A `requestBody` for submitting a file in a `POST` operation may look like the following example: + +```yaml +requestBody: + content: + application/octet-stream: + # any media type is accepted, functionally equivalent to `*/*` + schema: + # a binary file of any type + type: string + format: binary +``` + +In addition, specific media types MAY be specified: + +```yaml +# multiple, specific media types may be specified: +requestBody: + content: + # a binary file of type png or jpeg + 'image/jpeg': + schema: + type: string + format: binary + 'image/png': + schema: + type: string + format: binary +``` + +To upload multiple files, a `multipart` media type MUST be used: + +```yaml +requestBody: + content: + multipart/form-data: + schema: + properties: + # The property name 'file' will be used for all files. + file: + type: array + items: + type: string + format: binary + +``` + +##### Support for x-www-form-urlencoded Request Bodies + +To submit content using form url encoding via [RFC1866](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1866), the following +definition may be used: + +```yaml +requestBody: + content: + application/x-www-form-urlencoded: + schema: + type: object + properties: + id: + type: string + format: uuid + address: + # complex types are stringified to support RFC 1866 + type: object + properties: {} +``` + +In this example, the contents in the `requestBody` MUST be stringified per [RFC1866](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1866/) when passed to the server. In addition, the `address` field complex object will be stringified. + +When passing complex objects in the `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` content type, the default serialization strategy of such properties is described in the [`Encoding Object`](#encodingObject)'s [`style`](#encodingStyle) property as `form`. + +##### Special Considerations for `multipart` Content + +It is common to use `multipart/form-data` as a `Content-Type` when transferring request bodies to operations. In contrast to 2.0, a `schema` is REQUIRED to define the input parameters to the operation when using `multipart` content. This supports complex structures as well as supporting mechanisms for multiple file uploads. + +When passing in `multipart` types, boundaries MAY be used to separate sections of the content being transferred — thus, the following default `Content-Type`s are defined for `multipart`: + +* If the property is a primitive, or an array of primitive values, the default Content-Type is `text/plain` +* If the property is complex, or an array of complex values, the default Content-Type is `application/json` +* If the property is a `type: string` with `format: binary` or `format: base64` (aka a file object), the default Content-Type is `application/octet-stream` + + +Examples: + +```yaml +requestBody: + content: + multipart/form-data: + schema: + type: object + properties: + id: + type: string + format: uuid + address: + # default Content-Type for objects is `application/json` + type: object + properties: {} + profileImage: + # default Content-Type for string/binary is `application/octet-stream` + type: string + format: binary + children: + # default Content-Type for arrays is based on the `inner` type (text/plain here) + type: array + items: + type: string + addresses: + # default Content-Type for arrays is based on the `inner` type (object shown, so `application/json` in this example) + type: array + items: + type: '#/components/schemas/Address' +``` + +An `encoding` attribute is introduced to give you control over the serialization of parts of `multipart` request bodies. This attribute is _only_ applicable to `multipart` and `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` request bodies. + +#### Encoding Object + +A single encoding definition applied to a single schema property. + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +contentType | `string` | The Content-Type for encoding a specific property. Default value depends on the property type: for `string` with `format` being `binary` – `application/octet-stream`; for other primitive types – `text/plain`; for `object` - `application/json`; for `array` – the default is defined based on the inner type. The value can be a specific media type (e.g. `application/json`), a wildcard media type (e.g. `image/*`), or a comma-separated list of the two types. +headers | Map[`string`, [Header Object](#headerObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A map allowing additional information to be provided as headers, for example `Content-Disposition`. `Content-Type` is described separately and SHALL be ignored in this section. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not a `multipart`. +style | `string` | Describes how a specific property value will be serialized depending on its type. See [Parameter Object](#parameterObject) for details on the [`style`](#parameterStyle) property. The behavior follows the same values as `query` parameters, including default values. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`. +explode | `boolean` | When this is true, property values of type `array` or `object` generate separate parameters for each value of the array, or key-value-pair of the map. For other types of properties this property has no effect. When [`style`](#encodingStyle) is `form`, the default value is `true`. For all other styles, the default value is `false`. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`. +allowReserved | `boolean` | Determines whether the parameter value SHOULD allow reserved characters, as defined by [RFC3986](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.2) `:/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;=` to be included without percent-encoding. The default value is `false`. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Encoding Object Example + +```yaml +requestBody: + content: + multipart/mixed: + schema: + type: object + properties: + id: + # default is text/plain + type: string + format: uuid + address: + # default is application/json + type: object + properties: {} + historyMetadata: + # need to declare XML format! + description: metadata in XML format + type: object + properties: {} + profileImage: + # default is application/octet-stream, need to declare an image type only! + type: string + format: binary + encoding: + historyMetadata: + # require XML Content-Type in utf-8 encoding + contentType: application/xml; charset=utf-8 + profileImage: + # only accept png/jpeg + contentType: image/png, image/jpeg + headers: + X-Rate-Limit-Limit: + description: The number of allowed requests in the current period + schema: + type: integer +``` + +#### Responses Object + +A container for the expected responses of an operation. +The container maps a HTTP response code to the expected response. + +The documentation is not necessarily expected to cover all possible HTTP response codes because they may not be known in advance. +However, documentation is expected to cover a successful operation response and any known errors. + +The `default` MAY be used as a default response object for all HTTP codes +that are not covered individually by the specification. + +The `Responses Object` MUST contain at least one response code, and it +SHOULD be the response for a successful operation call. + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +default | [Response Object](#responseObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | The documentation of responses other than the ones declared for specific HTTP response codes. Use this field to cover undeclared responses. A [Reference Object](#referenceObject) can link to a response that the [OpenAPI Object's components/responses](#componentsResponses) section defines. + +##### Patterned Fields +Field Pattern | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +[HTTP Status Code](#httpCodes) | [Response Object](#responseObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | Any [HTTP status code](#httpCodes) can be used as the property name, but only one property per code, to describe the expected response for that HTTP status code. A [Reference Object](#referenceObject) can link to a response that is defined in the [OpenAPI Object's components/responses](#componentsResponses) section. This field MUST be enclosed in quotation marks (for example, "200") for compatibility between JSON and YAML. To define a range of response codes, this field MAY contain the uppercase wildcard character `X`. For example, `2XX` represents all response codes between `[200-299]`. Only the following range definitions are allowed: `1XX`, `2XX`, `3XX`, `4XX`, and `5XX`. If a response is defined using an explicit code, the explicit code definition takes precedence over the range definition for that code. + + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Responses Object Example + +A 200 response for a successful operation and a default response for others (implying an error): + +```json +{ + "200": { + "description": "a pet to be returned", + "content": { + "application/json": { + "schema": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Pet" + } + } + } + }, + "default": { + "description": "Unexpected error", + "content": { + "application/json": { + "schema": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ErrorModel" + } + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +'200': + description: a pet to be returned + content: + application/json: + schema: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/Pet' +default: + description: Unexpected error + content: + application/json: + schema: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorModel' +``` + +#### Response Object +Describes a single response from an API Operation, including design-time, static +`links` to operations based on the response. + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +description | `string` | **REQUIRED**. A short description of the response. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +headers | Map[`string`, [Header Object](#headerObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | Maps a header name to its definition. [RFC7230](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#page-22) states header names are case insensitive. If a response header is defined with the name `"Content-Type"`, it SHALL be ignored. +content | Map[`string`, [Media Type Object](#mediaTypeObject)] | A map containing descriptions of potential response payloads. The key is a media type or [media type range](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#appendix-D) and the value describes it. For responses that match multiple keys, only the most specific key is applicable. e.g. text/plain overrides text/* +links | Map[`string`, [Link Object](#linkObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A map of operations links that can be followed from the response. The key of the map is a short name for the link, following the naming constraints of the names for [Component Objects](#componentsObject). + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Response Object Examples + +Response of an array of a complex type: + +```json +{ + "description": "A complex object array response", + "content": { + "application/json": { + "schema": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/VeryComplexType" + } + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +description: A complex object array response +content: + application/json: + schema: + type: array + items: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/VeryComplexType' +``` + +Response with a string type: + +```json +{ + "description": "A simple string response", + "content": { + "text/plain": { + "schema": { + "type": "string" + } + } + } + +} +``` + +```yaml +description: A simple string response +content: + text/plain: + schema: + type: string +``` + +Plain text response with headers: + +```json +{ + "description": "A simple string response", + "content": { + "text/plain": { + "schema": { + "type": "string" + } + } + }, + "headers": { + "X-Rate-Limit-Limit": { + "description": "The number of allowed requests in the current period", + "schema": { + "type": "integer" + } + }, + "X-Rate-Limit-Remaining": { + "description": "The number of remaining requests in the current period", + "schema": { + "type": "integer" + } + }, + "X-Rate-Limit-Reset": { + "description": "The number of seconds left in the current period", + "schema": { + "type": "integer" + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +description: A simple string response +content: + text/plain: + schema: + type: string + example: 'whoa!' +headers: + X-Rate-Limit-Limit: + description: The number of allowed requests in the current period + schema: + type: integer + X-Rate-Limit-Remaining: + description: The number of remaining requests in the current period + schema: + type: integer + X-Rate-Limit-Reset: + description: The number of seconds left in the current period + schema: + type: integer +``` + +Response with no return value: + +```json +{ + "description": "object created" +} +``` + +```yaml +description: object created +``` + +#### Callback Object + +A map of possible out-of band callbacks related to the parent operation. +Each value in the map is a [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) that describes a set of requests that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. +The key value used to identify the callback object is an expression, evaluated at runtime, that identifies a URL to use for the callback operation. + +##### Patterned Fields +Field Pattern | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +{expression} | [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) | A Path Item Object used to define a callback request and expected responses. A [complete example](../examples/v3.0/callback-example.yaml) is available. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Key Expression + +The key that identifies the [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) is a [runtime expression](#runtimeExpression) that can be evaluated in the context of a runtime HTTP request/response to identify the URL to be used for the callback request. +A simple example might be `$request.body#/url`. +However, using a [runtime expression](#runtimeExpression) the complete HTTP message can be accessed. +This includes accessing any part of a body that a JSON Pointer [RFC6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901) can reference. + +For example, given the following HTTP request: + +```http +POST /subscribe/myevent?queryUrl=http://clientdomain.com/stillrunning HTTP/1.1 +Host: example.org +Content-Type: application/json +Content-Length: 187 + +{ + "failedUrl" : "http://clientdomain.com/failed", + "successUrls" : [ + "http://clientdomain.com/fast", + "http://clientdomain.com/medium", + "http://clientdomain.com/slow" + ] +} + +201 Created +Location: http://example.org/subscription/1 +``` + +The following examples show how the various expressions evaluate, assuming the callback operation has a path parameter named `eventType` and a query parameter named `queryUrl`. + +Expression | Value +---|:--- +$url | http://example.org/subscribe/myevent?queryUrl=http://clientdomain.com/stillrunning +$method | POST +$request.path.eventType | myevent +$request.query.queryUrl | http://clientdomain.com/stillrunning +$request.header.content-Type | application/json +$request.body#/failedUrl | http://clientdomain.com/failed +$request.body#/successUrls/2 | http://clientdomain.com/medium +$response.header.Location | http://example.org/subscription/1 + + +##### Callback Object Example + +The following example shows a callback to the URL specified by the `id` and `email` property in the request body. + +```yaml +myWebhook: + 'http://notificationServer.com?transactionId={$request.body#/id}&email={$request.body#/email}': + post: + requestBody: + description: Callback payload + content: + 'application/json': + schema: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/SomePayload' + responses: + '200': + description: webhook successfully processed and no retries will be performed +``` + + +#### Example Object + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +summary | `string` | Short description for the example. +description | `string` | Long description for the example. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +value | Any | Embedded literal example. The `value` field and `externalValue` field are mutually exclusive. To represent examples of media types that cannot naturally represented in JSON or YAML, use a string value to contain the example, escaping where necessary. +externalValue | `string` | A URL that points to the literal example. This provides the capability to reference examples that cannot easily be included in JSON or YAML documents. The `value` field and `externalValue` field are mutually exclusive. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +In all cases, the example value is expected to be compatible with the type schema +of its associated value. Tooling implementations MAY choose to +validate compatibility automatically, and reject the example value(s) if incompatible. + +##### Example Object Examples + +In a model: + +```yaml +schemas: + properties: + name: + type: string + examples: + name: + $ref: http://example.org/petapi-examples/openapi.json#/components/examples/name-example +``` + +In a request body: + +```yaml +requestBody: + content: + 'application/json': + schema: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/Address' + examples: + foo: + summary: A foo example + value: {"foo": "bar"} + bar: + summary: A bar example + value: {"bar": "baz"} + 'application/xml': + examples: + xmlExample: + summary: This is an example in XML + externalValue: 'http://example.org/examples/address-example.xml' + 'text/plain': + examples: + textExample: + summary: This is a text example + externalValue: 'http://foo.bar/examples/address-example.txt' +``` + +In a parameter: + +```yaml +parameters: + - name: 'zipCode' + in: 'query' + schema: + type: 'string' + format: 'zip-code' + examples: + zip-example: + $ref: '#/components/examples/zip-example' +``` + +In a response: + +```yaml +responses: + '200': + description: your car appointment has been booked + content: + application/json: + schema: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/SuccessResponse' + examples: + confirmation-success: + $ref: '#/components/examples/confirmation-success' +``` + + +#### Link Object + +The `Link object` represents a possible design-time link for a response. +The presence of a link does not guarantee the caller's ability to successfully invoke it, rather it provides a known relationship and traversal mechanism between responses and other operations. + +Unlike _dynamic_ links (i.e. links provided **in** the response payload), the OAS linking mechanism does not require link information in the runtime response. + +For computing links, and providing instructions to execute them, a [runtime expression](#runtimeExpression) is used for accessing values in an operation and using them as parameters while invoking the linked operation. + +##### Fixed Fields + +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +operationRef | `string` | A relative or absolute reference to an OAS operation. This field is mutually exclusive of the `operationId` field, and MUST point to an [Operation Object](#operationObject). Relative `operationRef` values MAY be used to locate an existing [Operation Object](#operationObject) in the OpenAPI definition. +operationId | `string` | The name of an _existing_, resolvable OAS operation, as defined with a unique `operationId`. This field is mutually exclusive of the `operationRef` field. +parameters | Map[`string`, Any \| [{expression}](#runtimeExpression)] | A map representing parameters to pass to an operation as specified with `operationId` or identified via `operationRef`. The key is the parameter name to be used, whereas the value can be a constant or an expression to be evaluated and passed to the linked operation. The parameter name can be qualified using the [parameter location](#parameterIn) `[{in}.]{name}` for operations that use the same parameter name in different locations (e.g. path.id). +requestBody | Any \| [{expression}](#runtimeExpression) | A literal value or [{expression}](#runtimeExpression) to use as a request body when calling the target operation. +description | `string` | A description of the link. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +server | [Server Object](#serverObject) | A server object to be used by the target operation. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +A linked operation MUST be identified using either an `operationRef` or `operationId`. +In the case of an `operationId`, it MUST be unique and resolved in the scope of the OAS document. +Because of the potential for name clashes, the `operationRef` syntax is preferred +for specifications with external references. + +##### Examples + +Computing a link from a request operation where the `$request.path.id` is used to pass a request parameter to the linked operation. + +```yaml +paths: + /users/{id}: + parameters: + - name: id + in: path + required: true + description: the user identifier, as userId + schema: + type: string + get: + responses: + '200': + description: the user being returned + content: + application/json: + schema: + type: object + properties: + uuid: # the unique user id + type: string + format: uuid + links: + address: + # the target link operationId + operationId: getUserAddress + parameters: + # get the `id` field from the request path parameter named `id` + userId: $request.path.id + # the path item of the linked operation + /users/{userid}/address: + parameters: + - name: userid + in: path + required: true + description: the user identifier, as userId + schema: + type: string + # linked operation + get: + operationId: getUserAddress + responses: + '200': + description: the user's address +``` + +When a runtime expression fails to evaluate, no parameter value is passed to the target operation. + +Values from the response body can be used to drive a linked operation. + +```yaml +links: + address: + operationId: getUserAddressByUUID + parameters: + # get the `uuid` field from the `uuid` field in the response body + userUuid: $response.body#/uuid +``` + +Clients follow all links at their discretion. +Neither permissions, nor the capability to make a successful call to that link, is guaranteed +solely by the existence of a relationship. + + +##### OperationRef Examples + +As references to `operationId` MAY NOT be possible (the `operationId` is an optional +value), references MAY also be made through a relative `operationRef`: + +```yaml +links: + UserRepositories: + # returns array of '#/components/schemas/repository' + operationRef: '#/paths/~12.0~1repositories~1{username}/get' + parameters: + username: $response.body#/username +``` + +or an absolute `operationRef`: + +```yaml +links: + UserRepositories: + # returns array of '#/components/schemas/repository' + operationRef: 'https://na2.gigantic-server.com/#/paths/~12.0~1repositories~1{username}/get' + parameters: + username: $response.body#/username +``` + +Note that in the use of `operationRef`, the _escaped forward-slash_ is necessary when +using JSON references. + + +##### Runtime Expressions + +Runtime expressions allow defining values based on information that will only be available within the HTTP message in an actual API call. +This mechanism is used by [Link Objects](#linkObject) and [Callback Objects](#callbackObject). + +The runtime expression is defined by the following [ABNF](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5234) syntax + +``` + expression = ( "$url" | "$method" | "$statusCode" | "$request." source | "$response." source ) + source = ( header-reference | query-reference | path-reference | body-reference ) + header-reference = "header." token + query-reference = "query." name + path-reference = "path." name + body-reference = "body" ["#" fragment] + fragment = a JSON Pointer [RFC 6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901) + name = *( char ) + char = as per RFC [7159](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7159#section-7) + token = as per RFC [7230](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2.6) +``` + +The `name` identifier is case-sensitive, whereas `token` is not. + +The table below provides examples of runtime expressions and examples of their use in a value: + +##### Examples + +Source Location | example expression | notes +---|:---|:---| +HTTP Method | `$method` | The allowable values for the `$method` will be those for the HTTP operation. +Requested media type | `$request.header.accept` | +Request parameter | `$request.path.id` | Request parameters MUST be declared in the `parameters` section of the parent operation or they cannot be evaluated. This includes request headers. +Request body property | `$request.body#/user/uuid` | In operations which accept payloads, references may be made to portions of the `requestBody` or the entire body. +Request URL | `$url` | +Response value | `$response.body#/status` | In operations which return payloads, references may be made to portions of the response body or the entire body. +Response header | `$response.header.Server` | Single header values only are available + +Runtime expressions preserve the type of the referenced value. +Expressions can be embedded into string values by surrounding the expression with `{}` curly braces. + +#### Header Object + +The Header Object follows the structure of the [Parameter Object](#parameterObject) with the following changes: + +1. `name` MUST NOT be specified, it is given in the corresponding `headers` map. +1. `in` MUST NOT be specified, it is implicitly in `header`. +1. All traits that are affected by the location MUST be applicable to a location of `header` (for example, [`style`](#parameterStyle)). + +##### Header Object Example + +A simple header of type `integer`: + +```json +{ + "description": "The number of allowed requests in the current period", + "schema": { + "type": "integer" + } +} +``` + +```yaml +description: The number of allowed requests in the current period +schema: + type: integer +``` + +#### Tag Object + +Adds metadata to a single tag that is used by the [Operation Object](#operationObject). +It is not mandatory to have a Tag Object per tag defined in the Operation Object instances. + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +name | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the tag. +description | `string` | A short description for the tag. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this tag. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Tag Object Example + +```json +{ + "name": "pet", + "description": "Pets operations" +} +``` + +```yaml +name: pet +description: Pets operations +``` + + +#### Reference Object + +A simple object to allow referencing other components in the specification, internally and externally. + +The Reference Object is defined by [JSON Reference](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pbryan-zyp-json-ref-03) and follows the same structure, behavior and rules. + +For this specification, reference resolution is accomplished as defined by the JSON Reference specification and not by the JSON Schema specification. + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +$ref | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The reference string. + +This object cannot be extended with additional properties and any properties added SHALL be ignored. + +##### Reference Object Example + +```json +{ + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Pet" +} +``` + +```yaml +$ref: '#/components/schemas/Pet' +``` + +##### Relative Schema Document Example +```json +{ + "$ref": "Pet.json" +} +``` + +```yaml +$ref: Pet.yaml +``` + +##### Relative Documents With Embedded Schema Example +```json +{ + "$ref": "definitions.json#/Pet" +} +``` + +```yaml +$ref: definitions.yaml#/Pet +``` + +#### Schema Object + +The Schema Object allows the definition of input and output data types. +These types can be objects, but also primitives and arrays. +This object is an extended subset of the [JSON Schema Specification Wright Draft 00](http://json-schema.org/). + +For more information about the properties, see [JSON Schema Core](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wright-json-schema-00) and [JSON Schema Validation](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wright-json-schema-validation-00). +Unless stated otherwise, the property definitions follow the JSON Schema. + +##### Properties + +The following properties are taken directly from the JSON Schema definition and follow the same specifications: + +- title +- multipleOf +- maximum +- exclusiveMaximum +- minimum +- exclusiveMinimum +- maxLength +- minLength +- pattern (This string SHOULD be a valid regular expression, according to the [ECMA 262 regular expression](https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-7.8.5) dialect) +- maxItems +- minItems +- uniqueItems +- maxProperties +- minProperties +- required +- enum + +The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their definitions were adjusted to the OpenAPI Specification. +- type - Value MUST be a string. Multiple types via an array are not supported. +- allOf - Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. +- oneOf - Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. +- anyOf - Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. +- not - Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. +- items - Value MUST be an object and not an array. Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. `items` MUST be present if the `type` is `array`. +- properties - Property definitions MUST be a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema (inline or referenced). +- additionalProperties - Value can be boolean or object. Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. Consistent with JSON Schema, `additionalProperties` defaults to `true`. +- description - [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +- format - See [Data Type Formats](#dataTypeFormat) for further details. While relying on JSON Schema's defined formats, the OAS offers a few additional predefined formats. +- default - The default value represents what would be assumed by the consumer of the input as the value of the schema if one is not provided. Unlike JSON Schema, the value MUST conform to the defined type for the Schema Object defined at the same level. For example, if `type` is `string`, then `default` can be `"foo"` but cannot be `1`. + +Alternatively, any time a Schema Object can be used, a [Reference Object](#referenceObject) can be used in its place. This allows referencing definitions instead of defining them inline. + +Additional properties defined by the JSON Schema specification that are not mentioned here are strictly unsupported. + +Other than the JSON Schema subset fields, the following fields MAY be used for further schema documentation: + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +nullable | `boolean` | Allows sending a `null` value for the defined schema. Default value is `false`. +discriminator | [Discriminator Object](#discriminatorObject) | Adds support for polymorphism. The discriminator is an object name that is used to differentiate between other schemas which may satisfy the payload description. See [Composition and Inheritance](#schemaComposition) for more details. +readOnly | `boolean` | Relevant only for Schema `"properties"` definitions. Declares the property as "read only". This means that it MAY be sent as part of a response but SHOULD NOT be sent as part of the request. If the property is marked as `readOnly` being `true` and is in the `required` list, the `required` will take effect on the response only. A property MUST NOT be marked as both `readOnly` and `writeOnly` being `true`. Default value is `false`. +writeOnly | `boolean` | Relevant only for Schema `"properties"` definitions. Declares the property as "write only". Therefore, it MAY be sent as part of a request but SHOULD NOT be sent as part of the response. If the property is marked as `writeOnly` being `true` and is in the `required` list, the `required` will take effect on the request only. A property MUST NOT be marked as both `readOnly` and `writeOnly` being `true`. Default value is `false`. +xml | [XML Object](#xmlObject) | This MAY be used only on properties schemas. It has no effect on root schemas. Adds additional metadata to describe the XML representation of this property. +externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this schema. +example | Any | A free-form property to include an example of an instance for this schema. To represent examples that cannot be naturally represented in JSON or YAML, a string value can be used to contain the example with escaping where necessary. + deprecated | `boolean` | Specifies that a schema is deprecated and SHOULD be transitioned out of usage. Default value is `false`. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +###### Composition and Inheritance (Polymorphism) + +The OpenAPI Specification allows combining and extending model definitions using the `allOf` property of JSON Schema, in effect offering model composition. +`allOf` takes an array of object definitions that are validated *independently* but together compose a single object. + +While composition offers model extensibility, it does not imply a hierarchy between the models. +To support polymorphism, the OpenAPI Specification adds the `discriminator` field. +When used, the `discriminator` will be the name of the property that decides which schema definition validates the structure of the model. +As such, the `discriminator` field MUST be a required field. +There are two ways to define the value of a discriminator for an inheriting instance. +- Use the schema name. +- Override the schema name by overriding the property with a new value. If a new value exists, this takes precedence over the schema name. +As such, inline schema definitions, which do not have a given id, *cannot* be used in polymorphism. + +###### XML Modeling + +The [xml](#schemaXml) property allows extra definitions when translating the JSON definition to XML. +The [XML Object](#xmlObject) contains additional information about the available options. + +##### Schema Object Examples + +###### Primitive Sample + +```json +{ + "type": "string", + "format": "email" +} +``` + +```yaml +type: string +format: email +``` + +###### Simple Model + +```json +{ + "type": "object", + "required": [ + "name" + ], + "properties": { + "name": { + "type": "string" + }, + "address": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Address" + }, + "age": { + "type": "integer", + "format": "int32", + "minimum": 0 + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +type: object +required: +- name +properties: + name: + type: string + address: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/Address' + age: + type: integer + format: int32 + minimum: 0 +``` + +###### Model with Map/Dictionary Properties + +For a simple string to string mapping: + +```json +{ + "type": "object", + "additionalProperties": { + "type": "string" + } +} +``` + +```yaml +type: object +additionalProperties: + type: string +``` + +For a string to model mapping: + +```json +{ + "type": "object", + "additionalProperties": { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ComplexModel" + } +} +``` + +```yaml +type: object +additionalProperties: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/ComplexModel' +``` + +###### Model with Example + +```json +{ + "type": "object", + "properties": { + "id": { + "type": "integer", + "format": "int64" + }, + "name": { + "type": "string" + } + }, + "required": [ + "name" + ], + "example": { + "name": "Puma", + "id": 1 + } +} +``` + +```yaml +type: object +properties: + id: + type: integer + format: int64 + name: + type: string +required: +- name +example: + name: Puma + id: 1 +``` + +###### Models with Composition + +```json +{ + "components": { + "schemas": { + "ErrorModel": { + "type": "object", + "required": [ + "message", + "code" + ], + "properties": { + "message": { + "type": "string" + }, + "code": { + "type": "integer", + "minimum": 100, + "maximum": 600 + } + } + }, + "ExtendedErrorModel": { + "allOf": [ + { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/ErrorModel" + }, + { + "type": "object", + "required": [ + "rootCause" + ], + "properties": { + "rootCause": { + "type": "string" + } + } + } + ] + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +components: + schemas: + ErrorModel: + type: object + required: + - message + - code + properties: + message: + type: string + code: + type: integer + minimum: 100 + maximum: 600 + ExtendedErrorModel: + allOf: + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorModel' + - type: object + required: + - rootCause + properties: + rootCause: + type: string +``` + +###### Models with Polymorphism Support + +```json +{ + "components": { + "schemas": { + "Pet": { + "type": "object", + "discriminator": { + "propertyName": "petType" + }, + "properties": { + "name": { + "type": "string" + }, + "petType": { + "type": "string" + } + }, + "required": [ + "name", + "petType" + ] + }, + "Cat": { + "description": "A representation of a cat. Note that `Cat` will be used as the discriminator value.", + "allOf": [ + { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Pet" + }, + { + "type": "object", + "properties": { + "huntingSkill": { + "type": "string", + "description": "The measured skill for hunting", + "default": "lazy", + "enum": [ + "clueless", + "lazy", + "adventurous", + "aggressive" + ] + } + }, + "required": [ + "huntingSkill" + ] + } + ] + }, + "Dog": { + "description": "A representation of a dog. Note that `Dog` will be used as the discriminator value.", + "allOf": [ + { + "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Pet" + }, + { + "type": "object", + "properties": { + "packSize": { + "type": "integer", + "format": "int32", + "description": "the size of the pack the dog is from", + "default": 0, + "minimum": 0 + } + }, + "required": [ + "packSize" + ] + } + ] + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +components: + schemas: + Pet: + type: object + discriminator: + propertyName: petType + properties: + name: + type: string + petType: + type: string + required: + - name + - petType + Cat: ## "Cat" will be used as the discriminator value + description: A representation of a cat + allOf: + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Pet' + - type: object + properties: + huntingSkill: + type: string + description: The measured skill for hunting + enum: + - clueless + - lazy + - adventurous + - aggressive + required: + - huntingSkill + Dog: ## "Dog" will be used as the discriminator value + description: A representation of a dog + allOf: + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Pet' + - type: object + properties: + packSize: + type: integer + format: int32 + description: the size of the pack the dog is from + default: 0 + minimum: 0 + required: + - packSize +``` + +#### Discriminator Object + +When request bodies or response payloads may be one of a number of different schemas, a `discriminator` object can be used to aid in serialization, deserialization, and validation. The discriminator is a specific object in a schema which is used to inform the consumer of the specification of an alternative schema based on the value associated with it. + +When using the discriminator, _inline_ schemas will not be considered. + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +propertyName | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the property in the payload that will hold the discriminator value. + mapping | Map[`string`, `string`] | An object to hold mappings between payload values and schema names or references. + +The discriminator object is legal only when using one of the composite keywords `oneOf`, `anyOf`, `allOf`. + +In OAS 3.0, a response payload MAY be described to be exactly one of any number of types: + +```yaml +MyResponseType: + oneOf: + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Cat' + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dog' + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Lizard' +``` + +which means the payload _MUST_, by validation, match exactly one of the schemas described by `Cat`, `Dog`, or `Lizard`. In this case, a discriminator MAY act as a "hint" to shortcut validation and selection of the matching schema which may be a costly operation, depending on the complexity of the schema. We can then describe exactly which field tells us which schema to use: + + +```yaml +MyResponseType: + oneOf: + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Cat' + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dog' + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Lizard' + discriminator: + propertyName: petType +``` + +The expectation now is that a property with name `petType` _MUST_ be present in the response payload, and the value will correspond to the name of a schema defined in the OAS document. Thus the response payload: + +```json +{ + "id": 12345, + "petType": "Cat" +} +``` + +Will indicate that the `Cat` schema be used in conjunction with this payload. + +In scenarios where the value of the discriminator field does not match the schema name or implicit mapping is not possible, an optional `mapping` definition MAY be used: + +```yaml +MyResponseType: + oneOf: + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Cat' + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Dog' + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Lizard' + - $ref: 'https://gigantic-server.com/schemas/Monster/schema.json' + discriminator: + propertyName: petType + mapping: + dog: '#/components/schemas/Dog' + monster: 'https://gigantic-server.com/schemas/Monster/schema.json' +``` + +Here the discriminator _value_ of `dog` will map to the schema `#/components/schemas/Dog`, rather than the default (implicit) value of `Dog`. If the discriminator _value_ does not match an implicit or explicit mapping, no schema can be determined and validation SHOULD fail. Mapping keys MUST be string values, but tooling MAY convert response values to strings for comparison. + +When used in conjunction with the `anyOf` construct, the use of the discriminator can avoid ambiguity where multiple schemas may satisfy a single payload. + +In both the `oneOf` and `anyOf` use cases, all possible schemas MUST be listed explicitly. To avoid redundancy, the discriminator MAY be added to a parent schema definition, and all schemas comprising the parent schema in an `allOf` construct may be used as an alternate schema. + +For example: + +```yaml +components: + schemas: + Pet: + type: object + required: + - petType + properties: + petType: + type: string + discriminator: + propertyName: petType + mapping: + dog: Dog + Cat: + allOf: + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Pet' + - type: object + # all other properties specific to a `Cat` + properties: + name: + type: string + Dog: + allOf: + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Pet' + - type: object + # all other properties specific to a `Dog` + properties: + bark: + type: string + Lizard: + allOf: + - $ref: '#/components/schemas/Pet' + - type: object + # all other properties specific to a `Lizard` + properties: + lovesRocks: + type: boolean +``` + +a payload like this: + +```json +{ + "petType": "Cat", + "name": "misty" +} +``` + +will indicate that the `Cat` schema be used. Likewise this schema: + +```json +{ + "petType": "dog", + "bark": "soft" +} +``` + +will map to `Dog` because of the definition in the `mappings` element. + + +#### XML Object + +A metadata object that allows for more fine-tuned XML model definitions. + +When using arrays, XML element names are *not* inferred (for singular/plural forms) and the `name` property SHOULD be used to add that information. +See examples for expected behavior. + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +name | `string` | Replaces the name of the element/attribute used for the described schema property. When defined within `items`, it will affect the name of the individual XML elements within the list. When defined alongside `type` being `array` (outside the `items`), it will affect the wrapping element and only if `wrapped` is `true`. If `wrapped` is `false`, it will be ignored. +namespace | `string` | The URI of the namespace definition. Value MUST be in the form of an absolute URI. +prefix | `string` | The prefix to be used for the [name](#xmlName). +attribute | `boolean` | Declares whether the property definition translates to an attribute instead of an element. Default value is `false`. +wrapped | `boolean` | MAY be used only for an array definition. Signifies whether the array is wrapped (for example, ``) or unwrapped (``). Default value is `false`. The definition takes effect only when defined alongside `type` being `array` (outside the `items`). + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### XML Object Examples + +The examples of the XML object definitions are included inside a property definition of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) with a sample of the XML representation of it. + +###### No XML Element + +Basic string property: + +```json +{ + "animals": { + "type": "string" + } +} +``` + +```yaml +animals: + type: string +``` + +```xml +... +``` + +Basic string array property ([`wrapped`](#xmlWrapped) is `false` by default): + +```json +{ + "animals": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "type": "string" + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +animals: + type: array + items: + type: string +``` + +```xml +... +... +... +``` + +###### XML Name Replacement + +```json +{ + "animals": { + "type": "string", + "xml": { + "name": "animal" + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +animals: + type: string + xml: + name: animal +``` + +```xml +... +``` + + +###### XML Attribute, Prefix and Namespace + +In this example, a full model definition is shown. + +```json +{ + "Person": { + "type": "object", + "properties": { + "id": { + "type": "integer", + "format": "int32", + "xml": { + "attribute": true + } + }, + "name": { + "type": "string", + "xml": { + "namespace": "http://example.com/schema/sample", + "prefix": "sample" + } + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +Person: + type: object + properties: + id: + type: integer + format: int32 + xml: + attribute: true + name: + type: string + xml: + namespace: http://example.com/schema/sample + prefix: sample +``` + +```xml + + example + +``` + +###### XML Arrays + +Changing the element names: + +```json +{ + "animals": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "type": "string", + "xml": { + "name": "animal" + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +animals: + type: array + items: + type: string + xml: + name: animal +``` + +```xml +value +value +``` + +The external `name` property has no effect on the XML: + +```json +{ + "animals": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "type": "string", + "xml": { + "name": "animal" + } + }, + "xml": { + "name": "aliens" + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +animals: + type: array + items: + type: string + xml: + name: animal + xml: + name: aliens +``` + +```xml +value +value +``` + +Even when the array is wrapped, if a name is not explicitly defined, the same name will be used both internally and externally: + +```json +{ + "animals": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "type": "string" + }, + "xml": { + "wrapped": true + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +animals: + type: array + items: + type: string + xml: + wrapped: true +``` + +```xml + + value + value + +``` + +To overcome the naming problem in the example above, the following definition can be used: + +```json +{ + "animals": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "type": "string", + "xml": { + "name": "animal" + } + }, + "xml": { + "wrapped": true + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +animals: + type: array + items: + type: string + xml: + name: animal + xml: + wrapped: true +``` + +```xml + + value + value + +``` + +Affecting both internal and external names: + +```json +{ + "animals": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "type": "string", + "xml": { + "name": "animal" + } + }, + "xml": { + "name": "aliens", + "wrapped": true + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +animals: + type: array + items: + type: string + xml: + name: animal + xml: + name: aliens + wrapped: true +``` + +```xml + + value + value + +``` + +If we change the external element but not the internal ones: + +```json +{ + "animals": { + "type": "array", + "items": { + "type": "string" + }, + "xml": { + "name": "aliens", + "wrapped": true + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +animals: + type: array + items: + type: string + xml: + name: aliens + wrapped: true +``` + +```xml + + value + value + +``` + +#### Security Scheme Object + +Defines a security scheme that can be used by the operations. +Supported schemes are HTTP authentication, an API key (either as a header, a cookie parameter or as a query parameter), OAuth2's common flows (implicit, password, application and access code) as defined in [RFC6749](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749), and [OpenID Connect Discovery](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-discovery-06). + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Applies To | Description +---|:---:|---|--- +type | `string` | Any | **REQUIRED**. The type of the security scheme. Valid values are `"apiKey"`, `"http"`, `"oauth2"`, `"openIdConnect"`. +description | `string` | Any | A short description for security scheme. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +name | `string` | `apiKey` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the header, query or cookie parameter to be used. +in | `string` | `apiKey` | **REQUIRED**. The location of the API key. Valid values are `"query"`, `"header"` or `"cookie"`. +scheme | `string` | `http` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the HTTP Authorization scheme to be used in the [Authorization header as defined in RFC7235](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7235#section-5.1). +bearerFormat | `string` | `http` (`"bearer"`) | A hint to the client to identify how the bearer token is formatted. Bearer tokens are usually generated by an authorization server, so this information is primarily for documentation purposes. +flows | [OAuth Flows Object](#oauthFlowsObject) | `oauth2` | **REQUIRED**. An object containing configuration information for the flow types supported. +openIdConnectUrl | `string` | `openIdConnect` | **REQUIRED**. OpenId Connect URL to discover OAuth2 configuration values. This MUST be in the form of a URL. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### Security Scheme Object Example + +###### Basic Authentication Sample + +```json +{ + "type": "http", + "scheme": "basic" +} +``` + +```yaml +type: http +scheme: basic +``` + +###### API Key Sample + +```json +{ + "type": "apiKey", + "name": "api_key", + "in": "header" +} +``` + +```yaml +type: apiKey +name: api_key +in: header +``` + +###### JWT Bearer Sample + +```json +{ + "type": "http", + "scheme": "bearer", + "bearerFormat": "JWT", +} +``` + +```yaml +type: http +scheme: bearer +bearerFormat: JWT +``` + +###### Implicit OAuth2 Sample + +```json +{ + "type": "oauth2", + "flows": { + "implicit": { + "authorizationUrl": "https://example.com/api/oauth/dialog", + "scopes": { + "write:pets": "modify pets in your account", + "read:pets": "read your pets" + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +type: oauth2 +flows: + implicit: + authorizationUrl: https://example.com/api/oauth/dialog + scopes: + write:pets: modify pets in your account + read:pets: read your pets +``` + +#### OAuth Flows Object + +Allows configuration of the supported OAuth Flows. + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +implicit| [OAuth Flow Object](#oauthFlowObject) | Configuration for the OAuth Implicit flow +password| [OAuth Flow Object](#oauthFlowObject) | Configuration for the OAuth Resource Owner Password flow +clientCredentials| [OAuth Flow Object](#oauthFlowObject) | Configuration for the OAuth Client Credentials flow. Previously called `application` in OpenAPI 2.0. +authorizationCode| [OAuth Flow Object](#oauthFlowObject) | Configuration for the OAuth Authorization Code flow. Previously called `accessCode` in OpenAPI 2.0. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +#### OAuth Flow Object + +Configuration details for a supported OAuth Flow + +##### Fixed Fields +Field Name | Type | Applies To | Description +---|:---:|---|--- +authorizationUrl | `string` | `oauth2` (`"implicit"`, `"authorizationCode"`) | **REQUIRED**. The authorization URL to be used for this flow. This MUST be in the form of a URL. +tokenUrl | `string` | `oauth2` (`"password"`, `"clientCredentials"`, `"authorizationCode"`) | **REQUIRED**. The token URL to be used for this flow. This MUST be in the form of a URL. +refreshUrl | `string` | `oauth2` | The URL to be used for obtaining refresh tokens. This MUST be in the form of a URL. +scopes | Map[`string`, `string`] | `oauth2` | **REQUIRED**. The available scopes for the OAuth2 security scheme. A map between the scope name and a short description for it. + +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +##### OAuth Flow Object Examples + +```JSON +{ + "type": "oauth2", + "flows": { + "implicit": { + "authorizationUrl": "https://example.com/api/oauth/dialog", + "scopes": { + "write:pets": "modify pets in your account", + "read:pets": "read your pets" + } + }, + "authorizationCode": { + "authorizationUrl": "https://example.com/api/oauth/dialog", + "tokenUrl": "https://example.com/api/oauth/token", + "scopes": { + "write:pets": "modify pets in your account", + "read:pets": "read your pets" + } + } + } +} +``` + +```yaml +type: oauth2 +flows: + implicit: + authorizationUrl: https://example.com/api/oauth/dialog + scopes: + write:pets: modify pets in your account + read:pets: read your pets + authorizationCode: + authorizationUrl: https://example.com/api/oauth/dialog + tokenUrl: https://example.com/api/oauth/token + scopes: + write:pets: modify pets in your account + read:pets: read your pets +``` + + +#### Security Requirement Object + +Lists the required security schemes to execute this operation. +The name used for each property MUST correspond to a security scheme declared in the [Security Schemes](#componentsSecuritySchemes) under the [Components Object](#componentsObject). + +Security Requirement Objects that contain multiple schemes require that all schemes MUST be satisfied for a request to be authorized. +This enables support for scenarios where multiple query parameters or HTTP headers are required to convey security information. + +When a list of Security Requirement Objects is defined on the [OpenAPI Object](#oasObject) or [Operation Object](#operationObject), only one of the Security Requirement Objects in the list needs to be satisfied to authorize the request. + +##### Patterned Fields + +Field Pattern | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +{name} | [`string`] | Each name MUST correspond to a security scheme which is declared in the [Security Schemes](#componentsSecuritySchemes) under the [Components Object](#componentsObject). If the security scheme is of type `"oauth2"` or `"openIdConnect"`, then the value is a list of scope names required for the execution. For other security scheme types, the array MUST be empty. + +##### Security Requirement Object Examples + +###### Non-OAuth2 Security Requirement + +```json +{ + "api_key": [] +} +``` + +```yaml +api_key: [] +``` + +###### OAuth2 Security Requirement + +```json +{ + "petstore_auth": [ + "write:pets", + "read:pets" + ] +} +``` + +```yaml +petstore_auth: +- write:pets +- read:pets +``` + +### Specification Extensions + +While the OpenAPI Specification tries to accommodate most use cases, additional data can be added to extend the specification at certain points. + +The extensions properties are implemented as patterned fields that are always prefixed by `"x-"`. + +Field Pattern | Type | Description +---|:---:|--- +^x- | Any | Allows extensions to the OpenAPI Schema. The field name MUST begin with `x-`, for example, `x-internal-id`. The value can be `null`, a primitive, an array or an object. Can have any valid JSON format value. + +The extensions may or may not be supported by the available tooling, but those may be extended as well to add requested support (if tools are internal or open-sourced). + +### Security Filtering + +Some objects in the OpenAPI Specification MAY be declared and remain empty, or be completely removed, even though they are inherently the core of the API documentation. + +The reasoning is to allow an additional layer of access control over the documentation. +While not part of the specification itself, certain libraries MAY choose to allow access to parts of the documentation based on some form of authentication/authorization. + +Two examples of this: + +1. The [Paths Object](#pathsObject) MAY be empty. It may be counterintuitive, but this may tell the viewer that they got to the right place, but can't access any documentation. They'd still have access to the [Info Object](#infoObject) which may contain additional information regarding authentication. +2. The [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) MAY be empty. In this case, the viewer will be aware that the path exists, but will not be able to see any of its operations or parameters. This is different than hiding the path itself from the [Paths Object](#pathsObject), so the user will not be aware of its existence. This allows the documentation provider to finely control what the viewer can see. + +## Appendix A: Revision History + +Version | Date | Notes +--- | --- | --- +3.1.0 | TBD | TBD +3.0.3 | TBD | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.3 +3.0.2 | 2018-10-08 | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.2 +3.0.1 | 2017-12-06 | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.1 +3.0.0 | 2017-07-26 | Release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.0 +3.0.0-rc2 | 2017-06-16 | rc2 of the 3.0 specification +3.0.0-rc1 | 2017-04-27 | rc1 of the 3.0 specification +3.0.0-rc0 | 2017-02-28 | Implementer's Draft of the 3.0 specification +2.0 | 2015-12-31 | Donation of Swagger 2.0 to the Open API Initiative +2.0 | 2014-09-08 | Release of Swagger 2.0 +1.2 | 2014-03-14 | Initial release of the formal document. +1.1 | 2012-08-22 | Release of Swagger 1.1 +1.0 | 2011-08-10 | First release of the Swagger Specification From 77f86eb1800753c18328e07a757f5476f07f021b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ron Date: Mon, 8 Oct 2018 11:17:59 -0600 Subject: [PATCH 02/42] Update README --- README.md | 4 ++++ 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 34ac1d10ef..8c180d6ef0 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -4,6 +4,10 @@ ![](https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/16343502?v=3&s=200) + +**This is the WIP branch for the next minor version of the spec - 3.1.0. Non-breaking changes should be submitted against this branch, specifically against [3.1.0.md](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/v3.1.0-dev/versions/3.1.0.md).** + + The OpenAPI Specification is a community-driven open specification within the [OpenAPI Initiative](https://www.openapis.org/), a Linux Foundation Collaborative Project. The OpenAPI Specification (OAS) defines a standard, programming language-agnostic interface description for [REST APIs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer), which allows both humans and computers to discover and understand the capabilities of a service without requiring access to source code, additional documentation, or inspection of network traffic. When properly defined via OpenAPI, a consumer can understand and interact with the remote service with a minimal amount of implementation logic. Similar to what interface descriptions have done for lower-level programming, the OpenAPI Specification removes guesswork in calling a service. From e985f131cae149a13a8f80a86d6982b4e6592f14 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mike Ralphson Date: Thu, 18 Oct 2018 16:46:50 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 03/42] Allow specification extensions in discriminator object --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 58d354f3fc..7d915f8b5e 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2686,6 +2686,8 @@ Field Name | Type | Description propertyName | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the property in the payload that will hold the discriminator value. mapping | Map[`string`, `string`] | An object to hold mappings between payload values and schema names or references. +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + The discriminator object is legal only when using one of the composite keywords `oneOf`, `anyOf`, `allOf`. In OAS 3.0, a response payload MAY be described to be exactly one of any number of types: From eb921234af53995c73f9df84e2e67d106aee5d1e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mike Ralphson Date: Thu, 18 Oct 2018 16:56:01 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 04/42] Note that specification extensions beginning x-oas- are reserved --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 58d354f3fc..d887bf1796 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -3379,7 +3379,7 @@ The extensions properties are implemented as patterned fields that are always pr Field Pattern | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -^x- | Any | Allows extensions to the OpenAPI Schema. The field name MUST begin with `x-`, for example, `x-internal-id`. The value can be `null`, a primitive, an array or an object. Can have any valid JSON format value. +^x- | Any | Allows extensions to the OpenAPI Schema. The field name MUST begin with `x-`, for example, `x-internal-id`. Field names beginning `x-oas-` are reserved for uses defined by the [OpenAPI Initiative](https://www.openapis.org/). The value can be `null`, a primitive, an array or an object. Can have any valid JSON format value. The extensions may or may not be supported by the available tooling, but those may be extended as well to add requested support (if tools are internal or open-sourced). From d27bb1c43afcd7379bc326719340b13970d87312 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mike Ralphson Date: Tue, 27 Nov 2018 23:57:27 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 05/42] security; add mutualTLS securityScheme type --- versions/3.1.0.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index f0c7f54abe..a5ccaea596 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -3165,12 +3165,12 @@ animals: #### Security Scheme Object Defines a security scheme that can be used by the operations. -Supported schemes are HTTP authentication, an API key (either as a header, a cookie parameter or as a query parameter), OAuth2's common flows (implicit, password, application and access code) as defined in [RFC6749](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749), and [OpenID Connect Discovery](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-discovery-06). +Supported schemes are HTTP authentication, an API key (either as a header, a cookie parameter or as a query parameter), mutual TLS (use of a client certificate), OAuth2's common flows (implicit, password, application and access code) as defined in [RFC6749](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749), and [OpenID Connect Discovery](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-discovery-06). ##### Fixed Fields Field Name | Type | Applies To | Description ---|:---:|---|--- -type | `string` | Any | **REQUIRED**. The type of the security scheme. Valid values are `"apiKey"`, `"http"`, `"oauth2"`, `"openIdConnect"`. +type | `string` | Any | **REQUIRED**. The type of the security scheme. Valid values are `"apiKey"`, `"http"`, `"mutualTLS"`, `"oauth2"`, `"openIdConnect"`. description | `string` | Any | A short description for security scheme. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. name | `string` | `apiKey` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the header, query or cookie parameter to be used. in | `string` | `apiKey` | **REQUIRED**. The location of the API key. Valid values are `"query"`, `"header"` or `"cookie"`. From 5f6a25a6dddc88fd666739c60134f3b455effbe8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Roberto Polli Date: Thu, 28 Feb 2019 18:08:49 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 06/42] 832 add info.summary (#1779) * Fix: #832. Add info.summary. * Fix: summary is shord, description is verbose. Be consistent with other definitions of summary and description. --- versions/3.1.0.md | 5 ++++- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index a5ccaea596..c9d775a947 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -211,7 +211,8 @@ The metadata MAY be used by the clients if needed, and MAY be presented in editi Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- title | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The title of the application. -description | `string` | A short description of the application. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +summary | `string` | A short summary of the application. +description | `string` | A verbose explanation of the application. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. termsOfService | `string` | A URL to the Terms of Service for the API. MUST be in the format of a URL. contact | [Contact Object](#contactObject) | The contact information for the exposed API. license | [License Object](#licenseObject) | The license information for the exposed API. @@ -225,6 +226,7 @@ This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtens ```json { "title": "Sample Pet Store App", + "summary": "A pet store manager.", "description": "This is a sample server for a pet store.", "termsOfService": "http://example.com/terms/", "contact": { @@ -242,6 +244,7 @@ This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtens ```yaml title: Sample Pet Store App +summary: A pet store manager. description: This is a sample server for a pet store. termsOfService: http://example.com/terms/ contact: From 5044418fa26acb8961d3fae1e9df62b6c5597511 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Axel Nennker Date: Fri, 21 Jun 2019 15:27:39 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 07/42] fix OIDC url and OAuth2 requirements Signed-off-by: Axel Nennker --- versions/3.1.0.md | 119 +++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------- 1 file changed, 60 insertions(+), 59 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index c9d775a947..0bce670627 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -124,16 +124,16 @@ The schema exposes two types of fields: Fixed fields, which have a declared name Patterned fields MUST have unique names within the containing object. -In order to preserve the ability to round-trip between YAML and JSON formats, YAML version [1.2](http://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html) is RECOMMENDED along with some additional constraints: +In order to preserve the ability to round-trip between YAML and JSON formats, YAML version [1.2](https://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html) is RECOMMENDED along with some additional constraints: -- Tags MUST be limited to those allowed by the [JSON Schema ruleset](http://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2803231). -- Keys used in YAML maps MUST be limited to a scalar string, as defined by the [YAML Failsafe schema ruleset](http://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2802346). +- Tags MUST be limited to those allowed by the [JSON Schema ruleset](https://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2803231). +- Keys used in YAML maps MUST be limited to a scalar string, as defined by the [YAML Failsafe schema ruleset](https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2802346). **Note:** While APIs may be defined by OpenAPI documents in either YAML or JSON format, the API request and response bodies and other content are not required to be JSON or YAML. ### Document Structure -An OpenAPI document MAY be made up of a single document or be divided into multiple, connected parts at the discretion of the user. In the latter case, `$ref` fields MUST be used in the specification to reference those parts as follows from the [JSON Schema](http://json-schema.org) definitions. +An OpenAPI document MAY be made up of a single document or be divided into multiple, connected parts at the discretion of the user. In the latter case, `$ref` fields MUST be used in the specification to reference those parts as follows from the [JSON Schema](https://json-schema.org) definitions. It is RECOMMENDED that the root OpenAPI document be named: `openapi.json` or `openapi.yaml`. @@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ The formats defined by the OAS are: ### Rich Text Formatting Throughout the specification `description` fields are noted as supporting CommonMark markdown formatting. -Where OpenAPI tooling renders rich text it MUST support, at a minimum, markdown syntax as described by [CommonMark 0.27](http://spec.commonmark.org/0.27/). Tooling MAY choose to ignore some CommonMark features to address security concerns. +Where OpenAPI tooling renders rich text it MUST support, at a minimum, markdown syntax as described by [CommonMark 0.27](https://spec.commonmark.org/0.27/). Tooling MAY choose to ignore some CommonMark features to address security concerns. ### Relative References in URLs @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- title | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The title of the application. summary | `string` | A short summary of the application. -description | `string` | A verbose explanation of the application. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | A verbose explanation of the application. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. termsOfService | `string` | A URL to the Terms of Service for the API. MUST be in the format of a URL. contact | [Contact Object](#contactObject) | The contact information for the exposed API. license | [License Object](#licenseObject) | The license information for the exposed API. @@ -228,10 +228,10 @@ This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtens "title": "Sample Pet Store App", "summary": "A pet store manager.", "description": "This is a sample server for a pet store.", - "termsOfService": "http://example.com/terms/", + "termsOfService": "https://example.com/terms/", "contact": { "name": "API Support", - "url": "http://www.example.com/support", + "url": "https://www.example.com/support", "email": "support@example.com" }, "license": { @@ -246,10 +246,10 @@ This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtens title: Sample Pet Store App summary: A pet store manager. description: This is a sample server for a pet store. -termsOfService: http://example.com/terms/ +termsOfService: https://example.com/terms/ contact: name: API Support - url: http://www.example.com/support + url: https://www.example.com/support email: support@example.com license: name: Apache 2.0 @@ -276,14 +276,14 @@ This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtens ```json { "name": "API Support", - "url": "http://www.example.com/support", + "url": "https://www.example.com/support", "email": "support@example.com" } ``` ```yaml name: API Support -url: http://www.example.com/support +url: https://www.example.com/support email: support@example.com ``` @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ An object representing a Server. Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- url | `string` | **REQUIRED**. A URL to the target host. This URL supports Server Variables and MAY be relative, to indicate that the host location is relative to the location where the OpenAPI document is being served. Variable substitutions will be made when a variable is named in `{`brackets`}`. -description | `string` | An optional string describing the host designated by the URL. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | An optional string describing the host designated by the URL. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. variables | Map[`string`, [Server Variable Object](#serverVariableObject)] | A map between a variable name and its value. The value is used for substitution in the server's URL template. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- enum | [`string`] | An enumeration of string values to be used if the substitution options are from a limited set. default | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The default value to use for substitution, which SHALL be sent if an alternate value is _not_ supplied. Note this behavior is different than the [Schema Object's](#schemaObject) treatment of default values, because in those cases parameter values are optional. -description | `string` | An optional description for the server variable. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | An optional description for the server variable. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ my.org.User "type": "oauth2", "flows": { "implicit": { - "authorizationUrl": "http://example.org/api/oauth/dialog", + "authorizationUrl": "https://example.org/api/oauth/dialog", "scopes": { "write:pets": "modify pets in your account", "read:pets": "read your pets" @@ -640,7 +640,7 @@ components: type: oauth2 flows: implicit: - authorizationUrl: http://example.org/api/oauth/dialog + authorizationUrl: https://example.org/api/oauth/dialog scopes: write:pets: modify pets in your account read:pets: read your pets @@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- $ref | `string` | Allows for an external definition of this path item. The referenced structure MUST be in the format of a [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject). If there are conflicts between the referenced definition and this Path Item's definition, the behavior is *undefined*. summary| `string` | An optional, string summary, intended to apply to all operations in this path. -description | `string` | An optional, string description, intended to apply to all operations in this path. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | An optional, string description, intended to apply to all operations in this path. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. get | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a GET operation on this path. put | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a PUT operation on this path. post | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a POST operation on this path. @@ -846,7 +846,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- tags | [`string`] | A list of tags for API documentation control. Tags can be used for logical grouping of operations by resources or any other qualifier. summary | `string` | A short summary of what the operation does. -description | `string` | A verbose explanation of the operation behavior. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | A verbose explanation of the operation behavior. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this operation. operationId | `string` | Unique string used to identify the operation. The id MUST be unique among all operations described in the API. The operationId value is **case-sensitive**. Tools and libraries MAY use the operationId to uniquely identify an operation, therefore, it is RECOMMENDED to follow common programming naming conventions. parameters | [[Parameter Object](#parameterObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A list of parameters that are applicable for this operation. If a parameter is already defined at the [Path Item](#pathItemParameters), the new definition will override it but can never remove it. The list MUST NOT include duplicated parameters. A unique parameter is defined by a combination of a [name](#parameterName) and [location](#parameterIn). The list can use the [Reference Object](#referenceObject) to link to parameters that are defined at the [OpenAPI Object's components/parameters](#componentsParameters). @@ -977,7 +977,7 @@ Allows referencing an external resource for extended documentation. Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -description | `string` | A short description of the target documentation. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | A short description of the target documentation. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. url | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The URL for the target documentation. Value MUST be in the format of a URL. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -1015,7 +1015,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- name | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the parameter. Parameter names are *case sensitive*.
  • If [`in`](#parameterIn) is `"path"`, the `name` field MUST correspond to the associated path segment from the [path](#pathsPath) field in the [Paths Object](#pathsObject). See [Path Templating](#pathTemplating) for further information.
  • If [`in`](#parameterIn) is `"header"` and the `name` field is `"Accept"`, `"Content-Type"` or `"Authorization"`, the parameter definition SHALL be ignored.
  • For all other cases, the `name` corresponds to the parameter name used by the [`in`](#parameterIn) property.
in | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The location of the parameter. Possible values are "query", "header", "path" or "cookie". -description | `string` | A brief description of the parameter. This could contain examples of use. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | A brief description of the parameter. This could contain examples of use. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. required | `boolean` | Determines whether this parameter is mandatory. If the [parameter location](#parameterIn) is "path", this property is **REQUIRED** and its value MUST be `true`. Otherwise, the property MAY be included and its default value is `false`. deprecated | `boolean` | Specifies that a parameter is deprecated and SHOULD be transitioned out of usage. Default value is `false`. allowEmptyValue | `boolean` | Sets the ability to pass empty-valued parameters. This is valid only for `query` parameters and allows sending a parameter with an empty value. Default value is `false`. If [`style`](#parameterStyle) is used, and if behavior is `n/a` (cannot be serialized), the value of `allowEmptyValue` SHALL be ignored. Use of this property is NOT RECOMMENDED, as it is likely to be removed in a later revision. @@ -1247,7 +1247,7 @@ Describes a single request body. ##### Fixed Fields Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -description | `string` | A brief description of the request body. This could contain examples of use. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | A brief description of the request body. This could contain examples of use. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. content | Map[`string`, [Media Type Object](#mediaTypeObject)] | **REQUIRED**. The content of the request body. The key is a media type or [media type range](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#appendix-D) and the value describes it. For requests that match multiple keys, only the most specific key is applicable. e.g. text/plain overrides text/* required | `boolean` | Determines if the request body is required in the request. Defaults to `false`. @@ -1268,7 +1268,7 @@ A request body with a referenced model definition. "examples": { "user" : { "summary": "User Example", - "externalValue": "http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.json" + "externalValue": "https://foo.bar/examples/user-example.json" } } }, @@ -1279,7 +1279,7 @@ A request body with a referenced model definition. "examples": { "user" : { "summary": "User example in XML", - "externalValue": "http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.xml" + "externalValue": "https://foo.bar/examples/user-example.xml" } } }, @@ -1287,7 +1287,7 @@ A request body with a referenced model definition. "examples": { "user" : { "summary": "User example in Plain text", - "externalValue": "http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.txt" + "externalValue": "https://foo.bar/examples/user-example.txt" } } }, @@ -1295,7 +1295,7 @@ A request body with a referenced model definition. "examples": { "user" : { "summary": "User example in other format", - "externalValue": "http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.whatever" + "externalValue": "https://foo.bar/examples/user-example.whatever" } } } @@ -1312,24 +1312,24 @@ content: examples: user: summary: User Example - externalValue: 'http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.json' + externalValue: 'https://foo.bar/examples/user-example.json' 'application/xml': schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/User' examples: user: summary: User Example in XML - externalValue: 'http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.xml' + externalValue: 'https://foo.bar/examples/user-example.xml' 'text/plain': examples: user: summary: User example in text plain format - externalValue: 'http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.txt' + externalValue: 'https://foo.bar/examples/user-example.txt' '*/*': examples: user: summary: User example in other format - externalValue: 'http://foo.bar/examples/user-example.whatever' + externalValue: 'https://foo.bar/examples/user-example.whatever' ``` A body parameter that is an array of string values: @@ -1707,7 +1707,7 @@ Describes a single response from an API Operation, including design-time, static ##### Fixed Fields Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -description | `string` | **REQUIRED**. A short description of the response. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | **REQUIRED**. A short description of the response. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. headers | Map[`string`, [Header Object](#headerObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | Maps a header name to its definition. [RFC7230](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#page-22) states header names are case insensitive. If a response header is defined with the name `"Content-Type"`, it SHALL be ignored. content | Map[`string`, [Media Type Object](#mediaTypeObject)] | A map containing descriptions of potential response payloads. The key is a media type or [media type range](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#appendix-D) and the value describes it. For responses that match multiple keys, only the most specific key is applicable. e.g. text/plain overrides text/* links | Map[`string`, [Link Object](#linkObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A map of operations links that can be followed from the response. The key of the map is a short name for the link, following the naming constraints of the names for [Component Objects](#componentsObject). @@ -1860,36 +1860,36 @@ This includes accessing any part of a body that a JSON Pointer [RFC6901](https:/ For example, given the following HTTP request: ```http -POST /subscribe/myevent?queryUrl=http://clientdomain.com/stillrunning HTTP/1.1 +POST /subscribe/myevent?queryUrl=https://clientdomain.com/stillrunning HTTP/1.1 Host: example.org Content-Type: application/json Content-Length: 187 { - "failedUrl" : "http://clientdomain.com/failed", + "failedUrl" : "https://clientdomain.com/failed", "successUrls" : [ - "http://clientdomain.com/fast", - "http://clientdomain.com/medium", - "http://clientdomain.com/slow" + "https://clientdomain.com/fast", + "https://clientdomain.com/medium", + "https://clientdomain.com/slow" ] } 201 Created -Location: http://example.org/subscription/1 +Location: https://example.org/subscription/1 ``` The following examples show how the various expressions evaluate, assuming the callback operation has a path parameter named `eventType` and a query parameter named `queryUrl`. Expression | Value ---|:--- -$url | http://example.org/subscribe/myevent?queryUrl=http://clientdomain.com/stillrunning +$url | https://example.org/subscribe/myevent?queryUrl=https://clientdomain.com/stillrunning $method | POST $request.path.eventType | myevent -$request.query.queryUrl | http://clientdomain.com/stillrunning +$request.query.queryUrl | https://clientdomain.com/stillrunning $request.header.content-Type | application/json -$request.body#/failedUrl | http://clientdomain.com/failed -$request.body#/successUrls/2 | http://clientdomain.com/medium -$response.header.Location | http://example.org/subscription/1 +$request.body#/failedUrl | https://clientdomain.com/failed +$request.body#/successUrls/2 | https://clientdomain.com/medium +$response.header.Location | https://example.org/subscription/1 ##### Callback Object Example @@ -1898,7 +1898,7 @@ The following example shows a callback to the URL specified by the `id` and `ema ```yaml myWebhook: - 'http://notificationServer.com?transactionId={$request.body#/id}&email={$request.body#/email}': + 'https://notificationServer.com?transactionId={$request.body#/id}&email={$request.body#/email}': post: requestBody: description: Callback payload @@ -1918,7 +1918,7 @@ myWebhook: Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- summary | `string` | Short description for the example. -description | `string` | Long description for the example. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | Long description for the example. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. value | Any | Embedded literal example. The `value` field and `externalValue` field are mutually exclusive. To represent examples of media types that cannot naturally represented in JSON or YAML, use a string value to contain the example, escaping where necessary. externalValue | `string` | A URL that points to the literal example. This provides the capability to reference examples that cannot easily be included in JSON or YAML documents. The `value` field and `externalValue` field are mutually exclusive. @@ -1939,7 +1939,7 @@ schemas: type: string examples: name: - $ref: http://example.org/petapi-examples/openapi.json#/components/examples/name-example + $ref: https://example.org/petapi-examples/openapi.json#/components/examples/name-example ``` In a request body: @@ -1961,12 +1961,12 @@ requestBody: examples: xmlExample: summary: This is an example in XML - externalValue: 'http://example.org/examples/address-example.xml' + externalValue: 'https://example.org/examples/address-example.xml' 'text/plain': examples: textExample: summary: This is a text example - externalValue: 'http://foo.bar/examples/address-example.txt' + externalValue: 'https://foo.bar/examples/address-example.txt' ``` In a parameter: @@ -2016,7 +2016,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Description operationId | `string` | The name of an _existing_, resolvable OAS operation, as defined with a unique `operationId`. This field is mutually exclusive of the `operationRef` field. parameters | Map[`string`, Any \| [{expression}](#runtimeExpression)] | A map representing parameters to pass to an operation as specified with `operationId` or identified via `operationRef`. The key is the parameter name to be used, whereas the value can be a constant or an expression to be evaluated and passed to the linked operation. The parameter name can be qualified using the [parameter location](#parameterIn) `[{in}.]{name}` for operations that use the same parameter name in different locations (e.g. path.id). requestBody | Any \| [{expression}](#runtimeExpression) | A literal value or [{expression}](#runtimeExpression) to use as a request body when calling the target operation. -description | `string` | A description of the link. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | A description of the link. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. server | [Server Object](#serverObject) | A server object to be used by the target operation. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -2198,7 +2198,7 @@ It is not mandatory to have a Tag Object per tag defined in the Operation Object Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- name | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the tag. -description | `string` | A short description for the tag. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | A short description for the tag. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this tag. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -2271,7 +2271,7 @@ $ref: definitions.yaml#/Pet The Schema Object allows the definition of input and output data types. These types can be objects, but also primitives and arrays. -This object is an extended subset of the [JSON Schema Specification Wright Draft 00](http://json-schema.org/). +This object is an extended subset of the [JSON Schema Specification Wright Draft 00](https://json-schema.org/). For more information about the properties, see [JSON Schema Core](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wright-json-schema-00) and [JSON Schema Validation](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wright-json-schema-validation-00). Unless stated otherwise, the property definitions follow the JSON Schema. @@ -2306,7 +2306,7 @@ The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their def - items - Value MUST be an object and not an array. Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. `items` MUST be present if the `type` is `array`. - properties - Property definitions MUST be a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema (inline or referenced). - additionalProperties - Value can be boolean or object. Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. Consistent with JSON Schema, `additionalProperties` defaults to `true`. -- description - [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +- description - [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. - format - See [Data Type Formats](#dataTypeFormat) for further details. While relying on JSON Schema's defined formats, the OAS offers a few additional predefined formats. - default - The default value represents what would be assumed by the consumer of the input as the value of the schema if one is not provided. Unlike JSON Schema, the value MUST conform to the defined type for the Schema Object defined at the same level. For example, if `type` is `string`, then `default` can be `"foo"` but cannot be `1`. @@ -2925,7 +2925,7 @@ In this example, a full model definition is shown. "name": { "type": "string", "xml": { - "namespace": "http://example.com/schema/sample", + "namespace": "https://example.com/schema/sample", "prefix": "sample" } } @@ -2946,13 +2946,13 @@ Person: name: type: string xml: - namespace: http://example.com/schema/sample + namespace: https://example.com/schema/sample prefix: sample ``` ```xml - example + example ``` @@ -3168,19 +3168,20 @@ animals: #### Security Scheme Object Defines a security scheme that can be used by the operations. -Supported schemes are HTTP authentication, an API key (either as a header, a cookie parameter or as a query parameter), mutual TLS (use of a client certificate), OAuth2's common flows (implicit, password, application and access code) as defined in [RFC6749](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749), and [OpenID Connect Discovery](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-discovery-06). +Supported schemes are HTTP authentication, an API key (either as a header, a cookie parameter or as a query parameter), mutual TLS (use of a client certificate), OAuth2's common flows (implicit, password, application and access code) as defined in [RFC6749](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749), and [OpenID Connect](https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html). + Please note that currently (2019) the implicit flow is about to be deprecated [OAuth 2.0 Security Best Current Practice](https://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-ietf-oauth-security-topics). Recommended for most use case is Authorization Code Grant flow with PKCE. ##### Fixed Fields Field Name | Type | Applies To | Description ---|:---:|---|--- type | `string` | Any | **REQUIRED**. The type of the security scheme. Valid values are `"apiKey"`, `"http"`, `"mutualTLS"`, `"oauth2"`, `"openIdConnect"`. -description | `string` | Any | A short description for security scheme. [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +description | `string` | Any | A short description for security scheme. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. name | `string` | `apiKey` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the header, query or cookie parameter to be used. in | `string` | `apiKey` | **REQUIRED**. The location of the API key. Valid values are `"query"`, `"header"` or `"cookie"`. scheme | `string` | `http` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the HTTP Authorization scheme to be used in the [Authorization header as defined in RFC7235](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7235#section-5.1). bearerFormat | `string` | `http` (`"bearer"`) | A hint to the client to identify how the bearer token is formatted. Bearer tokens are usually generated by an authorization server, so this information is primarily for documentation purposes. flows | [OAuth Flows Object](#oauthFlowsObject) | `oauth2` | **REQUIRED**. An object containing configuration information for the flow types supported. -openIdConnectUrl | `string` | `openIdConnect` | **REQUIRED**. OpenId Connect URL to discover OAuth2 configuration values. This MUST be in the form of a URL. +openIdConnectUrl | `string` | `openIdConnect` | **REQUIRED**. OpenId Connect URL to discover OAuth2 configuration values. This MUST be in the form of a URL. The OpenID Connect standard requires the use of TLS. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -3280,9 +3281,9 @@ Configuration details for a supported OAuth Flow ##### Fixed Fields Field Name | Type | Applies To | Description ---|:---:|---|--- -authorizationUrl | `string` | `oauth2` (`"implicit"`, `"authorizationCode"`) | **REQUIRED**. The authorization URL to be used for this flow. This MUST be in the form of a URL. -tokenUrl | `string` | `oauth2` (`"password"`, `"clientCredentials"`, `"authorizationCode"`) | **REQUIRED**. The token URL to be used for this flow. This MUST be in the form of a URL. -refreshUrl | `string` | `oauth2` | The URL to be used for obtaining refresh tokens. This MUST be in the form of a URL. +authorizationUrl | `string` | `oauth2` (`"implicit"`, `"authorizationCode"`) | **REQUIRED**. The authorization URL to be used for this flow. This MUST be in the form of a URL. The OAuth2 standard requires the use of TLS. +tokenUrl | `string` | `oauth2` (`"password"`, `"clientCredentials"`, `"authorizationCode"`) | **REQUIRED**. The token URL to be used for this flow. This MUST be in the form of a URL. The OAuth2 standard requires the use of TLS. +refreshUrl | `string` | `oauth2` | The URL to be used for obtaining refresh tokens. This MUST be in the form of a URL. The OAuth2 standard requires the use of TLS. scopes | Map[`string`, `string`] | `oauth2` | **REQUIRED**. The available scopes for the OAuth2 security scheme. A map between the scope name and a short description for it. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). From ac236d1e1a5b50a735adbbb1d5312b76f85fa1da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Phil Sturgeon Date: Fri, 21 Jun 2019 11:49:57 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 08/42] Update Schema Object to proper JSON Schema --- versions/3.1.0.md | 66 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------- 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 0bce670627..0280668a2a 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2269,23 +2269,23 @@ $ref: definitions.yaml#/Pet #### Schema Object -The Schema Object allows the definition of input and output data types. -These types can be objects, but also primitives and arrays. -This object is an extended subset of the [JSON Schema Specification Wright Draft 00](https://json-schema.org/). +The Schema Object allows the definition of input and output data types. These types can be objects, but also primitives and arrays. This object is a superset of the [JSON Schema Draft 2019-09](http://json-schema.org/) specification. + +For more information about the properties, see [JSON Schema Core](https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-core.html) and [JSON Schema Validation](https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-validation.html). -For more information about the properties, see [JSON Schema Core](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wright-json-schema-00) and [JSON Schema Validation](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wright-json-schema-validation-00). Unless stated otherwise, the property definitions follow the JSON Schema. -##### Properties +##### Properties -The following properties are taken directly from the JSON Schema definition and follow the same specifications: +The OpenAPI Schema Object is a JSON Schema vocabulary which extends JSON Schema Core and Validation vocabularies. As such any keyword available for those vocabularies is by definition available in OpenAPI, and will work the exact same way, including but not limited to: +- $schema +- $id - title +- required - multipleOf - maximum -- exclusiveMaximum - minimum -- exclusiveMinimum - maxLength - minLength - pattern (This string SHOULD be a valid regular expression, according to the [ECMA 262 regular expression](https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-7.8.5) dialect) @@ -2294,46 +2294,52 @@ The following properties are taken directly from the JSON Schema definition and - uniqueItems - maxProperties - minProperties -- required - enum - -The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their definitions were adjusted to the OpenAPI Specification. -- type - Value MUST be a string. Multiple types via an array are not supported. -- allOf - Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. -- oneOf - Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. -- anyOf - Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. -- not - Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. -- items - Value MUST be an object and not an array. Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. `items` MUST be present if the `type` is `array`. -- properties - Property definitions MUST be a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema (inline or referenced). -- additionalProperties - Value can be boolean or object. Inline or referenced schema MUST be of a [Schema Object](#schemaObject) and not a standard JSON Schema. Consistent with JSON Schema, `additionalProperties` defaults to `true`. -- description - [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +- propertyNames +- contains +- const +- examples +- if / then / else +- dependentRequired / dependentSchemas +- deprecated +- additionalItems +- additionalProperties +- unevaluatedItems +- unevaluatedProperties +- maxContains +- minContains +- readOnly +- writeOnly + +The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their definitions were adjusted to the OpenAPI Specification. + +- type - Used to restrict the allowed types as specified in JSON Schema, but may be modified by the [`nullable`](#schemaNullable) keyword. +- exclusiveMinimum - Value can be a numeric value just like JSON Schema, or for backwards compatibility with older drafts it can accept a boolean to act as a modifier to the `minimum` keyword. The numeric value usage is recommended. +- exclusiveMaximum - Value can be a numeric value just like JSON Schema, or for backwards compatibility with older drafts it can accept a boolean to act as a modifier to the `minimum` keyword. The numeric value usage is recommended. +- description - [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. - format - See [Data Type Formats](#dataTypeFormat) for further details. While relying on JSON Schema's defined formats, the OAS offers a few additional predefined formats. - default - The default value represents what would be assumed by the consumer of the input as the value of the schema if one is not provided. Unlike JSON Schema, the value MUST conform to the defined type for the Schema Object defined at the same level. For example, if `type` is `string`, then `default` can be `"foo"` but cannot be `1`. Alternatively, any time a Schema Object can be used, a [Reference Object](#referenceObject) can be used in its place. This allows referencing definitions instead of defining them inline. -Additional properties defined by the JSON Schema specification that are not mentioned here are strictly unsupported. - -Other than the JSON Schema subset fields, the following fields MAY be used for further schema documentation: +In addition to the JSON Schema fields, the following OpenAPI vocabulary properties MAY be used for further schema documentation: ##### Fixed Fields + Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -nullable | `boolean` | Allows sending a `null` value for the defined schema. Default value is `false`. +nullable | `boolean` | Allows sending a `null` value for the defined schema. Default value is `false`.

A `nullable` value of `true` allows `null` in addition to other specified `type` values only if `nullable` and `type` are both specified within the same schema object. The effect of `"nullable" : true` is limited to its expansion of the set of allowed types, within the scope of its containing schema. An `enum`, `const`, `allOf`, or other keyword can independently prohibit `null` values, effectively overriding `"nullable" : true`.

A `nullable` value of `false` leaves the specified or default `type` unmodified. It has no effect on the schema object.

**Deprecated:** The `type` property now allows "null" as a type, alone or within a type array. This is the standard way to allow null values in JSON Schema. Use of `nullable` is discouraged, and later versions of this specification may remove it. discriminator | [Discriminator Object](#discriminatorObject) | Adds support for polymorphism. The discriminator is an object name that is used to differentiate between other schemas which may satisfy the payload description. See [Composition and Inheritance](#schemaComposition) for more details. -readOnly | `boolean` | Relevant only for Schema `"properties"` definitions. Declares the property as "read only". This means that it MAY be sent as part of a response but SHOULD NOT be sent as part of the request. If the property is marked as `readOnly` being `true` and is in the `required` list, the `required` will take effect on the response only. A property MUST NOT be marked as both `readOnly` and `writeOnly` being `true`. Default value is `false`. -writeOnly | `boolean` | Relevant only for Schema `"properties"` definitions. Declares the property as "write only". Therefore, it MAY be sent as part of a request but SHOULD NOT be sent as part of the response. If the property is marked as `writeOnly` being `true` and is in the `required` list, the `required` will take effect on the request only. A property MUST NOT be marked as both `readOnly` and `writeOnly` being `true`. Default value is `false`. xml | [XML Object](#xmlObject) | This MAY be used only on properties schemas. It has no effect on root schemas. Adds additional metadata to describe the XML representation of this property. -externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this schema. -example | Any | A free-form property to include an example of an instance for this schema. To represent examples that cannot be naturally represented in JSON or YAML, a string value can be used to contain the example with escaping where necessary. - deprecated | `boolean` | Specifies that a schema is deprecated and SHOULD be transitioned out of usage. Default value is `false`. +externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this schema. +example | Any | A free-form property to include an example of an instance for this schema. To represent examples that cannot be naturally represented in JSON or YAML, a string value can be used to contain the example with escaping where necessary.

**Deprecated:** The `example` property has been deprecated in favor of the JSON Schema `examples` keyword. Use of `example` is discouraged, and later versions of this specification may remove it. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). ###### Composition and Inheritance (Polymorphism) The OpenAPI Specification allows combining and extending model definitions using the `allOf` property of JSON Schema, in effect offering model composition. -`allOf` takes an array of object definitions that are validated *independently* but together compose a single object. +`allOf` takes an array of object definitions that are validated *independently* but together compose a single object. While composition offers model extensibility, it does not imply a hierarchy between the models. To support polymorphism, the OpenAPI Specification adds the `discriminator` field. From f8f92edb16fed0f4ad878914afba20feb9ea184e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Phil Sturgeon Date: Fri, 25 Oct 2019 15:51:46 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 09/42] update vocab and arbitrary props --- versions/3.1.0.md | 11 ++++++----- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 0280668a2a..5467bedf1f 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -139,10 +139,9 @@ It is RECOMMENDED that the root OpenAPI document be named: `openapi.json` or `op ### Data Types -Primitive data types in the OAS are based on the types supported by the [JSON Schema Specification Wright Draft 00](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wright-json-schema-00#section-4.2). +Primitive data types in the OAS are based on the types supported by the [JSON Schema Specification Draft 2019-09](http://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-core.html#rfc.section.4.2). Note that `integer` as a type is also supported and is defined as a JSON number without a fraction or exponent part. -`null` is not supported as a type (see [`nullable`](#schemaNullable) for an alternative solution). -Models are defined using the [Schema Object](#schemaObject), which is an extended subset of JSON Schema Specification Wright Draft 00. +Models are defined using the [Schema Object](#schemaObject), which is a superset of JSON Schema Specification Draft 2019-09. Primitives have an optional modifier property: `format`. OAS uses several known formats to define in fine detail the data type being used. @@ -2322,7 +2321,7 @@ The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their def Alternatively, any time a Schema Object can be used, a [Reference Object](#referenceObject) can be used in its place. This allows referencing definitions instead of defining them inline. -In addition to the JSON Schema fields, the following OpenAPI vocabulary properties MAY be used for further schema documentation: +In addition to the JSON Schema properties, the following OpenAPI vocabulary properties MAY be used for further schema documentation: ##### Fixed Fields @@ -2334,7 +2333,9 @@ Field Name | Type | Description externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this schema. example | Any | A free-form property to include an example of an instance for this schema. To represent examples that cannot be naturally represented in JSON or YAML, a string value can be used to contain the example with escaping where necessary.

**Deprecated:** The `example` property has been deprecated in favor of the JSON Schema `examples` keyword. Use of `example` is discouraged, and later versions of this specification may remove it. -This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). +This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). + +In previous versions of OpenAPI, Specification Extensions were the only way to add properties, but since v3.1.0 matches JSON Schema in allowing any properties to be used inside the Schema Object. These properties could be defined in their own vocabulary, or entirely arbitrary, and they do not need to follow any specific naming pattern or convention. ###### Composition and Inheritance (Polymorphism) From e121405b9f54550c60e7baf259e17c1ce54cce43 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Phil Sturgeon Date: Mon, 28 Oct 2019 13:30:12 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 10/42] another go at arbitrary keywords --- versions/3.1.0.md | 4 +--- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 5467bedf1f..3e3af6003b 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2321,7 +2321,7 @@ The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their def Alternatively, any time a Schema Object can be used, a [Reference Object](#referenceObject) can be used in its place. This allows referencing definitions instead of defining them inline. -In addition to the JSON Schema properties, the following OpenAPI vocabulary properties MAY be used for further schema documentation: +In addition to the JSON Schema properties defined in the JSON Schema Core and JSON Schema Validation vocabularies, any properties can be used from any vocabularies, or entirely arbitrary keywords. OpenAPI has its own vocabulary properties which MAY be used for further schema description: ##### Fixed Fields @@ -2335,8 +2335,6 @@ Field Name | Type | Description This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). -In previous versions of OpenAPI, Specification Extensions were the only way to add properties, but since v3.1.0 matches JSON Schema in allowing any properties to be used inside the Schema Object. These properties could be defined in their own vocabulary, or entirely arbitrary, and they do not need to follow any specific naming pattern or convention. - ###### Composition and Inheritance (Polymorphism) The OpenAPI Specification allows combining and extending model definitions using the `allOf` property of JSON Schema, in effect offering model composition. From 5905f45cfef8a75f0d0dcb80405ce227f35a0673 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Phil Sturgeon Date: Tue, 29 Oct 2019 16:03:33 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 11/42] feedback from @handrews --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 3e3af6003b..d7844b0ed1 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2321,7 +2321,7 @@ The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their def Alternatively, any time a Schema Object can be used, a [Reference Object](#referenceObject) can be used in its place. This allows referencing definitions instead of defining them inline. -In addition to the JSON Schema properties defined in the JSON Schema Core and JSON Schema Validation vocabularies, any properties can be used from any vocabularies, or entirely arbitrary keywords. OpenAPI has its own vocabulary properties which MAY be used for further schema description: +In addition to the JSON Schema properties defined in the vocabularies defined in the JSON Schema Core and JSON Schema Validation specifications, any properties can be used from any vocabularies, or entirely arbitrary keywords. The OpenAPI Specification defines an additional vocabulary of keywords which MAY be used along with the JSON Schema vocabulary keywords for further schema description: ##### Fixed Fields From 0ec2c73087f5493eb991eb583274e3ce50e23c63 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mike Kistler Date: Wed, 27 Nov 2019 12:46:55 -0600 Subject: [PATCH 12/42] Support style, explode, allowReserved encoding for multipart/form-data (#2066) * Extend style, explode, allowReserved in encoding to multipart-formdata (#2018) * Update versions/3.1.0.md Co-Authored-By: Ron * Replace details of multipart/form-data format with referce to RFC 7578 * Update versions/3.1.0.md Co-Authored-By: Darrel --- versions/3.1.0.md | 8 +++++--- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 0bce670627..f3809715d8 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -1533,6 +1533,8 @@ When passing complex objects in the `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` content It is common to use `multipart/form-data` as a `Content-Type` when transferring request bodies to operations. In contrast to 2.0, a `schema` is REQUIRED to define the input parameters to the operation when using `multipart` content. This supports complex structures as well as supporting mechanisms for multiple file uploads. +In a `multipart/form-data` request body, each schema property, or each element of a schema array property, takes a section in the payload with an internal header as defined by [RFC 7578](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7578). The serialization strategy for each property of a `multipart/form-data` request body can be specified in an associated [`Encoding Object`](#encodingObject). + When passing in `multipart` types, boundaries MAY be used to separate sections of the content being transferred — thus, the following default `Content-Type`s are defined for `multipart`: * If the property is a primitive, or an array of primitive values, the default Content-Type is `text/plain` @@ -1583,9 +1585,9 @@ Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- contentType | `string` | The Content-Type for encoding a specific property. Default value depends on the property type: for `string` with `format` being `binary` – `application/octet-stream`; for other primitive types – `text/plain`; for `object` - `application/json`; for `array` – the default is defined based on the inner type. The value can be a specific media type (e.g. `application/json`), a wildcard media type (e.g. `image/*`), or a comma-separated list of the two types. headers | Map[`string`, [Header Object](#headerObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A map allowing additional information to be provided as headers, for example `Content-Disposition`. `Content-Type` is described separately and SHALL be ignored in this section. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not a `multipart`. -style | `string` | Describes how a specific property value will be serialized depending on its type. See [Parameter Object](#parameterObject) for details on the [`style`](#parameterStyle) property. The behavior follows the same values as `query` parameters, including default values. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`. -explode | `boolean` | When this is true, property values of type `array` or `object` generate separate parameters for each value of the array, or key-value-pair of the map. For other types of properties this property has no effect. When [`style`](#encodingStyle) is `form`, the default value is `true`. For all other styles, the default value is `false`. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`. -allowReserved | `boolean` | Determines whether the parameter value SHOULD allow reserved characters, as defined by [RFC3986](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.2) `:/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;=` to be included without percent-encoding. The default value is `false`. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`. +style | `string` | Describes how a specific property value will be serialized depending on its type. See [Parameter Object](#parameterObject) for details on the [`style`](#parameterStyle) property. The behavior follows the same values as `query` parameters, including default values. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` or `multipart/form-data`. If a value is explicitly defined, then the value of [`contentType`](#encodingContentType) (implicit or explicit) SHALL be ignored. +explode | `boolean` | When this is true, property values of type `array` or `object` generate separate parameters for each value of the array, or key-value-pair of the map. For other types of properties this property has no effect. When [`style`](#encodingStyle) is `form`, the default value is `true`. For all other styles, the default value is `false`. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` or `multipart/form-data`. If a value is explicitly defined, then the value of [`contentType`](#encodingContentType) (implicit or explicit) SHALL be ignored. +allowReserved | `boolean` | Determines whether the parameter value SHOULD allow reserved characters, as defined by [RFC3986](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.2) `:/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;=` to be included without percent-encoding. The default value is `false`. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` or `multipart/form-data`. If a value is explicitly defined, then the value of [`contentType`](#encodingContentType) (implicit or explicit) SHALL be ignored. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). From 4822592ab1fab9b891fa22955c492fc55891817a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Phil Sturgeon Date: Thu, 9 Jan 2020 18:32:01 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 13/42] default should match json schema --- versions/3.1.0.md | 1 - 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index d7844b0ed1..a92f03af69 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2317,7 +2317,6 @@ The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their def - exclusiveMaximum - Value can be a numeric value just like JSON Schema, or for backwards compatibility with older drafts it can accept a boolean to act as a modifier to the `minimum` keyword. The numeric value usage is recommended. - description - [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. - format - See [Data Type Formats](#dataTypeFormat) for further details. While relying on JSON Schema's defined formats, the OAS offers a few additional predefined formats. -- default - The default value represents what would be assumed by the consumer of the input as the value of the schema if one is not provided. Unlike JSON Schema, the value MUST conform to the defined type for the Schema Object defined at the same level. For example, if `type` is `string`, then `default` can be `"foo"` but cannot be `1`. Alternatively, any time a Schema Object can be used, a [Reference Object](#referenceObject) can be used in its place. This allows referencing definitions instead of defining them inline. From d67f35050971b66448ea1b4e38692733c79fc3bc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Phil Sturgeon Date: Thu, 9 Jan 2020 18:40:31 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 14/42] removed json schema keyworld list, its just all of em. --- versions/3.1.0.md | 34 +--------------------------------- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 33 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index a92f03af69..6d832042d5 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2276,39 +2276,7 @@ Unless stated otherwise, the property definitions follow the JSON Schema. ##### Properties -The OpenAPI Schema Object is a JSON Schema vocabulary which extends JSON Schema Core and Validation vocabularies. As such any keyword available for those vocabularies is by definition available in OpenAPI, and will work the exact same way, including but not limited to: - -- $schema -- $id -- title -- required -- multipleOf -- maximum -- minimum -- maxLength -- minLength -- pattern (This string SHOULD be a valid regular expression, according to the [ECMA 262 regular expression](https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-7.8.5) dialect) -- maxItems -- minItems -- uniqueItems -- maxProperties -- minProperties -- enum -- propertyNames -- contains -- const -- examples -- if / then / else -- dependentRequired / dependentSchemas -- deprecated -- additionalItems -- additionalProperties -- unevaluatedItems -- unevaluatedProperties -- maxContains -- minContains -- readOnly -- writeOnly +The OpenAPI Schema Object is a JSON Schema vocabulary which extends JSON Schema Core and Validation vocabularies. As such any keyword available for those vocabularies is by definition available in OpenAPI, and will work the exact same way. The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their definitions were adjusted to the OpenAPI Specification. From bb9a6f273389d25c3dbbb1d126b1a6fa1d8a4c85 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Phil Sturgeon Date: Thu, 9 Jan 2020 18:49:02 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 15/42] redundant $ref reference --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 -- 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 6d832042d5..e1ed6bc13c 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2286,8 +2286,6 @@ The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their def - description - [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. - format - See [Data Type Formats](#dataTypeFormat) for further details. While relying on JSON Schema's defined formats, the OAS offers a few additional predefined formats. -Alternatively, any time a Schema Object can be used, a [Reference Object](#referenceObject) can be used in its place. This allows referencing definitions instead of defining them inline. - In addition to the JSON Schema properties defined in the vocabularies defined in the JSON Schema Core and JSON Schema Validation specifications, any properties can be used from any vocabularies, or entirely arbitrary keywords. The OpenAPI Specification defines an additional vocabulary of keywords which MAY be used along with the JSON Schema vocabulary keywords for further schema description: ##### Fixed Fields From fd39bcdc843fd3ff2f43adbe0efcf04211bb5fcd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Arhimenrius Date: Sat, 11 Jan 2020 00:07:59 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 16/42] Correct Styles Values for spaceDelimited and pipeDelimited, as based on Style Examples, they support objects. --- versions/3.1.0.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 09f994cf14..fc23aa1557 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -1050,8 +1050,8 @@ matrix | `primitive`, `array`, `object` | `path` | Path-style parameters defin label | `primitive`, `array`, `object` | `path` | Label style parameters defined by [RFC6570](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6570#section-3.2.5) form | `primitive`, `array`, `object` | `query`, `cookie` | Form style parameters defined by [RFC6570](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6570#section-3.2.8). This option replaces `collectionFormat` with a `csv` (when `explode` is false) or `multi` (when `explode` is true) value from OpenAPI 2.0. simple | `array` | `path`, `header` | Simple style parameters defined by [RFC6570](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6570#section-3.2.2). This option replaces `collectionFormat` with a `csv` value from OpenAPI 2.0. -spaceDelimited | `array` | `query` | Space separated array values. This option replaces `collectionFormat` equal to `ssv` from OpenAPI 2.0. -pipeDelimited | `array` | `query` | Pipe separated array values. This option replaces `collectionFormat` equal to `pipes` from OpenAPI 2.0. +spaceDelimited | `array`, `object` | `query` | Space separated array values. This option replaces `collectionFormat` equal to `ssv` from OpenAPI 2.0. +pipeDelimited | `array`, `object` | `query` | Pipe separated array values. This option replaces `collectionFormat` equal to `pipes` from OpenAPI 2.0. deepObject | `object` | `query` | Provides a simple way of rendering nested objects using form parameters. From 61f9d7e2398dfb1c1211ca30af3a5331cd3863d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Lorna Jane Mitchell Date: Thu, 16 Jan 2020 17:33:32 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 17/42] Add support for webhooks as a top-level element (#2103) * Add webhooks as a top-level element to the spec * Add the changes from #2048 and signpost webhooks * Add an example of webhooks * Relocate and expand on webhooks section following feedback * Better wording to describe expectations on API consumers * Clearer wording for why the paths element is here * Update language to make callbacks clearer --- examples/v3.1/webhook-example.yaml | 61 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ versions/3.1.0.md | 32 +++++++++++++--- 2 files changed, 87 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) create mode 100644 examples/v3.1/webhook-example.yaml diff --git a/examples/v3.1/webhook-example.yaml b/examples/v3.1/webhook-example.yaml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..664966a35a --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/v3.1/webhook-example.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ +openapi: 3.1.0 +info: + title: Webhook Example + version: 1.0.0 +paths: + # OpenAPI documents all need a paths element + /pets: + get: + summary: List all pets + operationId: listPets + parameters: + - name: limit + in: query + description: How many items to return at one time (max 100) + required: false + schema: + type: integer + format: int32 + responses: + '200': + description: A paged array of pets + content: + application/json: + schema: + $ref: "#/components/schemas/Pets" + +webhooks: + # Each webhook needs a name + newPet: + # This is a Path Item Object, the only difference is that the request is initiated by the API provider + post: + requestBody: + description: Information about a new pet in the system + content: + application/json: + schema: + $ref: "#/components/schemas/Pet" + responses: + "200": + description: Return a 200 status to indicate that the data was received successfully + +components: + schemas: + Pet: + required: + - id + - name + properties: + id: + type: integer + format: int64 + name: + type: string + tag: + type: string + Pets: + type: array + items: + $ref: "#/components/schemas/Pet" + + diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 09f994cf14..24867aba02 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -193,11 +193,13 @@ Field Name | Type | Description info | [Info Object](#infoObject) | **REQUIRED**. Provides metadata about the API. The metadata MAY be used by tooling as required. servers | [[Server Object](#serverObject)] | An array of Server Objects, which provide connectivity information to a target server. If the `servers` property is not provided, or is an empty array, the default value would be a [Server Object](#serverObject) with a [url](#serverUrl) value of `/`. paths | [Paths Object](#pathsObject) | **REQUIRED**. The available paths and operations for the API. +webhooks | Map[`string`, [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject)] | The incoming webhooks that MAY be received as part of this API and that the API consumer MAY choose to implement. Closely related to the `callbacks` feature, this section describes requests initiated other than by an API call, for example by an out of band registration. The key name is a unique string to refer to each webhook, while the Path Item Object describes a request that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. An [example](../examples/v3.1/webhook-example.yaml) is available. components | [Components Object](#componentsObject) | An element to hold various schemas for the specification. security | [[Security Requirement Object](#securityRequirementObject)] | A declaration of which security mechanisms can be used across the API. The list of values includes alternative security requirement objects that can be used. Only one of the security requirement objects need to be satisfied to authorize a request. Individual operations can override this definition. tags | [[Tag Object](#tagObject)] | A list of tags used by the specification with additional metadata. The order of the tags can be used to reflect on their order by the parsing tools. Not all tags that are used by the [Operation Object](#operationObject) must be declared. The tags that are not declared MAY be organized randomly or based on the tools' logic. Each tag name in the list MUST be unique. externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation. + This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). #### Info Object @@ -1844,6 +1846,8 @@ A map of possible out-of band callbacks related to the parent operation. Each value in the map is a [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) that describes a set of requests that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. The key value used to identify the callback object is an expression, evaluated at runtime, that identifies a URL to use for the callback operation. +To describe incoming requests from the API provider independent from another API call, use the [`webhooks`](#oasWebhooks) field. + ##### Patterned Fields Field Pattern | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- @@ -1893,25 +1897,41 @@ $request.body#/successUrls/2 | https://clientdomain.com/medium $response.header.Location | https://example.org/subscription/1 -##### Callback Object Example +##### Callback Object Examples -The following example shows a callback to the URL specified by the `id` and `email` property in the request body. +The following example uses the user provided `queryUrl` query string parameter to define the callback URL. This is an example of how to use a callback object to describe a callback that goes with the subscription operation to enable registering for the callback. ```yaml -myWebhook: - 'https://notificationServer.com?transactionId={$request.body#/id}&email={$request.body#/email}': +myCallback: + '{$request.query.queryUrl}': post: requestBody: description: Callback payload - content: + content: 'application/json': schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/SomePayload' responses: '200': - description: webhook successfully processed and no retries will be performed + description: callback successfully processed ``` +The following example shows a callback where the server is hard-coded, but the query string parameters are populated from the `id` and `email` property in the request body. + +```yaml +transactionCallback: + 'http://notificationServer.com?transactionId={$request.body#/id}&email={$request.body#/email}': + post: + requestBody: + description: Callback payload + content: + 'application/json': + schema: + $ref: '#/components/schemas/SomePayload' + responses: + '200': + description: callback successfully processed +``` #### Example Object From 3cb92bd3da5dfce1a7c3ad57c1346fba146e30d2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Henry Andrews Date: Thu, 6 Feb 2020 09:11:41 -0800 Subject: [PATCH 18/42] Align the OAS 3.1 nullable language with the 3.0.3 (#2115) This adapts the language from PR #2046, with minimal wording tweaks to account for type now being able to have multiple values (type arrays). --- versions/3.1.0.md | 4 +++- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 24867aba02..9e47be3780 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2314,7 +2314,9 @@ In addition to the JSON Schema properties defined in the vocabularies defined in Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -nullable | `boolean` | Allows sending a `null` value for the defined schema. Default value is `false`.

A `nullable` value of `true` allows `null` in addition to other specified `type` values only if `nullable` and `type` are both specified within the same schema object. The effect of `"nullable" : true` is limited to its expansion of the set of allowed types, within the scope of its containing schema. An `enum`, `const`, `allOf`, or other keyword can independently prohibit `null` values, effectively overriding `"nullable" : true`.

A `nullable` value of `false` leaves the specified or default `type` unmodified. It has no effect on the schema object.

**Deprecated:** The `type` property now allows "null" as a type, alone or within a type array. This is the standard way to allow null values in JSON Schema. Use of `nullable` is discouraged, and later versions of this specification may remove it. +nullable | `boolean` | A `true` value adds "null" to the allowed types specified by the `type` keyword, only if `type` is explicitly defined within the same Schema Object. Other Schema Object constraints retain their defined behavior, and therefore may disallow the use of `null` as a value. A `false` value leaves the specified or default `type` unmodified. The default value is `false`. + +

**Deprecated:** The `type` property now allows "null" as a type, alone or within a type array. This is the standard way to allow null values in JSON Schema. Use of `nullable` is discouraged, and later versions of this specification may remove it. discriminator | [Discriminator Object](#discriminatorObject) | Adds support for polymorphism. The discriminator is an object name that is used to differentiate between other schemas which may satisfy the payload description. See [Composition and Inheritance](#schemaComposition) for more details. xml | [XML Object](#xmlObject) | This MAY be used only on properties schemas. It has no effect on root schemas. Adds additional metadata to describe the XML representation of this property. externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this schema. From c37a3050468038f2481ff38dbd7c84ad69ea3461 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Alan Crosswell Date: Thu, 6 Feb 2020 12:22:24 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 19/42] allow, but discourage, requestBody for GET, HEAD, DELETE (#2117) --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 9e47be3780..1b9cac01b0 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -851,7 +851,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Description externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this operation. operationId | `string` | Unique string used to identify the operation. The id MUST be unique among all operations described in the API. The operationId value is **case-sensitive**. Tools and libraries MAY use the operationId to uniquely identify an operation, therefore, it is RECOMMENDED to follow common programming naming conventions. parameters | [[Parameter Object](#parameterObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A list of parameters that are applicable for this operation. If a parameter is already defined at the [Path Item](#pathItemParameters), the new definition will override it but can never remove it. The list MUST NOT include duplicated parameters. A unique parameter is defined by a combination of a [name](#parameterName) and [location](#parameterIn). The list can use the [Reference Object](#referenceObject) to link to parameters that are defined at the [OpenAPI Object's components/parameters](#componentsParameters). -requestBody | [Request Body Object](#requestBodyObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | The request body applicable for this operation. The `requestBody` is only supported in HTTP methods where the HTTP 1.1 specification [RFC7231](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.1) has explicitly defined semantics for request bodies. In other cases where the HTTP spec is vague, `requestBody` SHALL be ignored by consumers. +requestBody | [Request Body Object](#requestBodyObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | The request body applicable for this operation. The `requestBody` is fully supported in HTTP methods where the HTTP 1.1 specification [RFC7231](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.1) has explicitly defined semantics for request bodies. In other cases where the HTTP spec is vague (such as [GET](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.1), [HEAD](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.2) and [DELETE](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.5)), `requestBody` is permitted but does not have well-defined semantics and SHOULD be avoided if possible. responses | [Responses Object](#responsesObject) | **REQUIRED**. The list of possible responses as they are returned from executing this operation. callbacks | Map[`string`, [Callback Object](#callbackObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A map of possible out-of band callbacks related to the parent operation. The key is a unique identifier for the Callback Object. Each value in the map is a [Callback Object](#callbackObject) that describes a request that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. The key value used to identify the callback object is an expression, evaluated at runtime, that identifies a URL to use for the callback operation. deprecated | `boolean` | Declares this operation to be deprecated. Consumers SHOULD refrain from usage of the declared operation. Default value is `false`. From 92a910426d2f3a287b1229a2ea8be1f43655a23a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Henry Andrews Date: Thu, 6 Feb 2020 14:24:40 -0800 Subject: [PATCH 20/42] Reference Object and Schema Object use of $ref updates for 2019-09 / OAS 3.1 (#2107) * Checkpoint of draft * Fix typo. Co-Authored-By: Darrel * Fix plural anchor Co-Authored-By: Mike Ralphson * Remove superfluous specification Co-Authored-By: Phil Sturgeon Co-authored-by: Darrel Co-authored-by: Mike Ralphson Co-authored-by: Phil Sturgeon --- versions/3.1.0.md | 22 ++++++++++------------ 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 1b9cac01b0..c84dab9e7a 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -170,12 +170,12 @@ The formats defined by the OAS are: Throughout the specification `description` fields are noted as supporting CommonMark markdown formatting. Where OpenAPI tooling renders rich text it MUST support, at a minimum, markdown syntax as described by [CommonMark 0.27](https://spec.commonmark.org/0.27/). Tooling MAY choose to ignore some CommonMark features to address security concerns. -### Relative References in URLs +### Relative References in URIs -Unless specified otherwise, all properties that are URLs MAY be relative references as defined by [RFC3986](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4.2). -Relative references are resolved using the URLs defined in the [`Server Object`](#serverObject) as a Base URI. +Unless specified otherwise, all properties that are URIs MAY be relative references as defined by [RFC3986](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-4.2). +Relative references are resolved using the URLs defined in the [`Server Object`](#serverObject) as a Base URI. This includes relative references in [`Reference Objects`](#referenceObject), outside of any [`Schema Object`](#schemaObject). -Relative references used in `$ref` are processed as per [JSON Reference](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pbryan-zyp-json-ref-03), using the URL of the current document as the base URI. See also the [Reference Object](#referenceObject). +Relative references in [`Schema Objects`](#schemaObject), including any that appear as `$id` values, use the nearest parent `$id` as a Base URI, as described by [JSON Schema Specification Draft 2019-09](https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-core.html). If no parent schema contains an `$id`, then the Base URI is determined as in the previous paragraph. ### Schema @@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ All objects defined within the components object will have no effect on the API Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---|--- - schemas | Map[`string`, [Schema Object](#schemaObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Schema Objects](#schemaObject). + schemas | Map[`string`, [Schema Object](#schemaObject) | An object to hold reusable [Schema Objects](#schemaObject). responses | Map[`string`, [Response Object](#responseObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Response Objects](#responseObject). parameters | Map[`string`, [Parameter Object](#parameterObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Parameter Objects](#parameterObject). examples | Map[`string`, [Example Object](#exampleObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Example Objects](#exampleObject). @@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Description style | `string` | Describes how the parameter value will be serialized depending on the type of the parameter value. Default values (based on value of `in`): for `query` - `form`; for `path` - `simple`; for `header` - `simple`; for `cookie` - `form`. explode | `boolean` | When this is true, parameter values of type `array` or `object` generate separate parameters for each value of the array or key-value pair of the map. For other types of parameters this property has no effect. When [`style`](#parameterStyle) is `form`, the default value is `true`. For all other styles, the default value is `false`. allowReserved | `boolean` | Determines whether the parameter value SHOULD allow reserved characters, as defined by [RFC3986](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.2) `:/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;=` to be included without percent-encoding. This property only applies to parameters with an `in` value of `query`. The default value is `false`. -schema | [Schema Object](#schemaObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | The schema defining the type used for the parameter. +schema | [Schema Object](#schemaObject) | The schema defining the type used for the parameter. example | Any | Example of the media type. The example SHOULD match the specified schema and encoding properties if present. The `example` field is mutually exclusive of the `examples` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` which contains an example, the `example` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. To represent examples of media types that cannot naturally be represented in JSON or YAML, a string value can contain the example with escaping where necessary. examples | Map[ `string`, [Example Object](#exampleObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | Examples of the media type. Each example SHOULD contain a value in the correct format as specified in the parameter encoding. The `examples` field is mutually exclusive of the `example` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` which contains an example, the `examples` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. @@ -1368,7 +1368,7 @@ Each Media Type Object provides schema and examples for the media type identifie ##### Fixed Fields Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -schema | [Schema Object](#schemaObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | The schema defining the content of the request, response, or parameter. +schema | [Schema Object](#schemaObject) | The schema defining the content of the request, response, or parameter. example | Any | Example of the media type. The example object SHOULD be in the correct format as specified by the media type. The `example` field is mutually exclusive of the `examples` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` which contains an example, the `example` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. examples | Map[ `string`, [Example Object](#exampleObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | Examples of the media type. Each example object SHOULD match the media type and specified schema if present. The `examples` field is mutually exclusive of the `example` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` which contains an example, the `examples` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. encoding | Map[`string`, [Encoding Object](#encodingObject)] | A map between a property name and its encoding information. The key, being the property name, MUST exist in the schema as a property. The encoding object SHALL only apply to `requestBody` objects when the media type is `multipart` or `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`. @@ -2243,10 +2243,6 @@ description: Pets operations A simple object to allow referencing other components in the specification, internally and externally. -The Reference Object is defined by [JSON Reference](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pbryan-zyp-json-ref-03) and follows the same structure, behavior and rules. - -For this specification, reference resolution is accomplished as defined by the JSON Reference specification and not by the JSON Schema specification. - ##### Fixed Fields Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- @@ -2254,6 +2250,8 @@ Field Name | Type | Description This object cannot be extended with additional properties and any properties added SHALL be ignored. +Note that this restriction on additional properties is a difference between Reference Objects and [`Schema Objects`](#schemaObject) that contain a `$ref` keyword. + ##### Reference Object Example ```json @@ -2290,7 +2288,7 @@ $ref: definitions.yaml#/Pet #### Schema Object -The Schema Object allows the definition of input and output data types. These types can be objects, but also primitives and arrays. This object is a superset of the [JSON Schema Draft 2019-09](http://json-schema.org/) specification. +The Schema Object allows the definition of input and output data types. These types can be objects, but also primitives and arrays. This object is a superset of the [JSON Schema Specification Draft 2019-09](http://json-schema.org/). For more information about the properties, see [JSON Schema Core](https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-core.html) and [JSON Schema Validation](https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-validation.html). From c376bef48c3e121d253db4b0e160e294b3bd4a21 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Helen Kosova Date: Fri, 21 Feb 2020 19:18:13 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 21/42] Fix table cell formatting containing `nullable` description (#2152) --- versions/3.1.0.md | 4 +--- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index c84dab9e7a..db2e9b499a 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2312,9 +2312,7 @@ In addition to the JSON Schema properties defined in the vocabularies defined in Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -nullable | `boolean` | A `true` value adds "null" to the allowed types specified by the `type` keyword, only if `type` is explicitly defined within the same Schema Object. Other Schema Object constraints retain their defined behavior, and therefore may disallow the use of `null` as a value. A `false` value leaves the specified or default `type` unmodified. The default value is `false`. - -

**Deprecated:** The `type` property now allows "null" as a type, alone or within a type array. This is the standard way to allow null values in JSON Schema. Use of `nullable` is discouraged, and later versions of this specification may remove it. +nullable | `boolean` | A `true` value adds "null" to the allowed types specified by the `type` keyword, only if `type` is explicitly defined within the same Schema Object. Other Schema Object constraints retain their defined behavior, and therefore may disallow the use of `null` as a value. A `false` value leaves the specified or default `type` unmodified. The default value is `false`.

**Deprecated:** The `type` property now allows "null" as a type, alone or within a type array. This is the standard way to allow null values in JSON Schema. Use of `nullable` is discouraged, and later versions of this specification may remove it. discriminator | [Discriminator Object](#discriminatorObject) | Adds support for polymorphism. The discriminator is an object name that is used to differentiate between other schemas which may satisfy the payload description. See [Composition and Inheritance](#schemaComposition) for more details. xml | [XML Object](#xmlObject) | This MAY be used only on properties schemas. It has no effect on root schemas. Adds additional metadata to describe the XML representation of this property. externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this schema. From 70ecce77357f498027be77d667c587985d7b666d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mike Ralphson Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2020 17:32:42 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 22/42] Add SPDX identifier field to license object, fixes #1599 (#2105) --- versions/3.1.0.md | 7 ++++--- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index db2e9b499a..0d93436c73 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -297,7 +297,8 @@ License information for the exposed API. Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- name | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The license name used for the API. -url | `string` | A URL to the license used for the API. MUST be in the format of a URL. +identifier | `string` | An [SPDX](https://spdx.org/spdx-specification-21-web-version#h.jxpfx0ykyb60) license expression for the API. The `identifier` field is mutually exclusive of the `url` field. +url | `string` | A URL to the license used for the API. MUST be in the format of a URL. The `url` field is mutually exclusive of the `identifier` field. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -306,13 +307,13 @@ This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtens ```json { "name": "Apache 2.0", - "url": "https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html" + "identifier": "Apache-2.0" } ``` ```yaml name: Apache 2.0 -url: https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.html +identifier: Apache-2.0 ``` #### Server Object From c6415fef551678c62160e4478c7ef38e4220134e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andrzej Wojtys Date: Wed, 11 Mar 2020 19:19:35 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 23/42] Add information about objects to the description too --- versions/3.1.0.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index fc23aa1557..89434fda75 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -1050,8 +1050,8 @@ matrix | `primitive`, `array`, `object` | `path` | Path-style parameters defin label | `primitive`, `array`, `object` | `path` | Label style parameters defined by [RFC6570](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6570#section-3.2.5) form | `primitive`, `array`, `object` | `query`, `cookie` | Form style parameters defined by [RFC6570](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6570#section-3.2.8). This option replaces `collectionFormat` with a `csv` (when `explode` is false) or `multi` (when `explode` is true) value from OpenAPI 2.0. simple | `array` | `path`, `header` | Simple style parameters defined by [RFC6570](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6570#section-3.2.2). This option replaces `collectionFormat` with a `csv` value from OpenAPI 2.0. -spaceDelimited | `array`, `object` | `query` | Space separated array values. This option replaces `collectionFormat` equal to `ssv` from OpenAPI 2.0. -pipeDelimited | `array`, `object` | `query` | Pipe separated array values. This option replaces `collectionFormat` equal to `pipes` from OpenAPI 2.0. +spaceDelimited | `array`, `object` | `query` | Space separated array or object values. This option replaces `collectionFormat` equal to `ssv` from OpenAPI 2.0. +pipeDelimited | `array`, `object` | `query` | Pipe separated array or object values. This option replaces `collectionFormat` equal to `pipes` from OpenAPI 2.0. deepObject | `object` | `query` | Provides a simple way of rendering nested objects using form parameters. From a6b99bc0162de77534591841432cf70ef0204c91 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mike Ralphson Date: Thu, 19 Mar 2020 16:14:36 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 24/42] Make paths object optional (#1781) * Make paths object optional * Adding reusable Path Item Objects Under `components` * Adopt DM's suggested change to OpenAPI doc definition * Cleanup use of specification and definition where we mean document * multipartite>composite, define ACL * Add ' | Reference Object' to callbacks/webhooks Co-authored-by: Ron --- versions/3.1.0.md | 33 ++++++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 0d93436c73..21ee314f31 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ An OpenAPI definition can then be used by documentation generation tools to disp ## Definitions ##### OpenAPI Document -A document (or set of documents) that defines or describes an API. An OpenAPI definition uses and conforms to the OpenAPI Specification. +A self-contained or composite resource which defines or describes an API or elements of an API. The OpenAPI document MUST contain at least one [paths](#pathsObject) field, a [components](#oasComponents) field or a [webhooks](#oasWebhooks) field. An OpenAPI document uses and conforms to the OpenAPI Specification. ##### Path Templating Path templating refers to the usage of curly braces ({}) to mark a section of a URL path as replaceable using path parameters. @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ In the following description, if a field is not explicitly **REQUIRED** or descr #### OpenAPI Object -This is the root document object of the [OpenAPI document](#oasDocument). +This is the root object of the [OpenAPI document](#oasDocument). ##### Fixed Fields @@ -192,11 +192,11 @@ Field Name | Type | Description openapi | `string` | **REQUIRED**. This string MUST be the [semantic version number](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html) of the [OpenAPI Specification version](#versions) that the OpenAPI document uses. The `openapi` field SHOULD be used by tooling specifications and clients to interpret the OpenAPI document. This is *not* related to the API [`info.version`](#infoVersion) string. info | [Info Object](#infoObject) | **REQUIRED**. Provides metadata about the API. The metadata MAY be used by tooling as required. servers | [[Server Object](#serverObject)] | An array of Server Objects, which provide connectivity information to a target server. If the `servers` property is not provided, or is an empty array, the default value would be a [Server Object](#serverObject) with a [url](#serverUrl) value of `/`. -paths | [Paths Object](#pathsObject) | **REQUIRED**. The available paths and operations for the API. -webhooks | Map[`string`, [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject)] | The incoming webhooks that MAY be received as part of this API and that the API consumer MAY choose to implement. Closely related to the `callbacks` feature, this section describes requests initiated other than by an API call, for example by an out of band registration. The key name is a unique string to refer to each webhook, while the Path Item Object describes a request that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. An [example](../examples/v3.1/webhook-example.yaml) is available. -components | [Components Object](#componentsObject) | An element to hold various schemas for the specification. +paths | [Paths Object](#pathsObject) | The available paths and operations for the API. +webhooks | Map[`string`, [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] ] | The incoming webhooks that MAY be received as part of this API and that the API consumer MAY choose to implement. Closely related to the `callbacks` feature, this section describes requests initiated other than by an API call, for example by an out of band registration. The key name is a unique string to refer to each webhook, while the (optionally referenced) Path Item Object describes a request that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. An [example](../examples/v3.1/webhook-example.yaml) is available. +components | [Components Object](#componentsObject) | An element to hold various schemas for the document. security | [[Security Requirement Object](#securityRequirementObject)] | A declaration of which security mechanisms can be used across the API. The list of values includes alternative security requirement objects that can be used. Only one of the security requirement objects need to be satisfied to authorize a request. Individual operations can override this definition. -tags | [[Tag Object](#tagObject)] | A list of tags used by the specification with additional metadata. The order of the tags can be used to reflect on their order by the parsing tools. Not all tags that are used by the [Operation Object](#operationObject) must be declared. The tags that are not declared MAY be organized randomly or based on the tools' logic. Each tag name in the list MUST be unique. +tags | [[Tag Object](#tagObject)] | A list of tags used by the document with additional metadata. The order of the tags can be used to reflect on their order by the parsing tools. Not all tags that are used by the [Operation Object](#operationObject) must be declared. The tags that are not declared MAY be organized randomly or based on the tools' logic. Each tag name in the list MUST be unique. externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation. @@ -459,6 +459,8 @@ Field Name | Type | Description securitySchemes| Map[`string`, [Security Scheme Object](#securitySchemeObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Security Scheme Objects](#securitySchemeObject). links | Map[`string`, [Link Object](#linkObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Link Objects](#linkObject). callbacks | Map[`string`, [Callback Object](#callbackObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Callback Objects](#callbackObject). + pathItems | Map[`string`, [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject). + This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -652,7 +654,7 @@ components: #### Paths Object Holds the relative paths to the individual endpoints and their operations. -The path is appended to the URL from the [`Server Object`](#serverObject) in order to construct the full URL. The Paths MAY be empty, due to [ACL constraints](#securityFiltering). +The path is appended to the URL from the [`Server Object`](#serverObject) in order to construct the full URL. The Paths MAY be empty, due to [Access Control List (ACL) constraints](#securityFiltering). Paths MAY be omitted in some classes of OAS documents, including referenced sub-documents and overlays. ##### Patterned Fields @@ -1642,10 +1644,11 @@ The documentation is not necessarily expected to cover all possible HTTP respons However, documentation is expected to cover a successful operation response and any known errors. The `default` MAY be used as a default response object for all HTTP codes -that are not covered individually by the specification. +that are not covered individually by the `Responses Object`. -The `Responses Object` MUST contain at least one response code, and it -SHOULD be the response for a successful operation call. +The `Responses Object` MUST contain at least one response code, and if only one +response code is provided it SHOULD be the response for a successful operation +call. ##### Fixed Fields Field Name | Type | Description @@ -1852,7 +1855,7 @@ To describe incoming requests from the API provider independent from another API ##### Patterned Fields Field Pattern | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -{expression} | [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) | A Path Item Object used to define a callback request and expected responses. A [complete example](../examples/v3.0/callback-example.yaml) is available. +{expression} | [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | A Path Item Object, or a reference to one, used to define a callback request and expected responses. A [complete example](../examples/v3.0/callback-example.yaml) is available. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -2046,7 +2049,7 @@ This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtens A linked operation MUST be identified using either an `operationRef` or `operationId`. In the case of an `operationId`, it MUST be unique and resolved in the scope of the OAS document. Because of the potential for name clashes, the `operationRef` syntax is preferred -for specifications with external references. +for OpenAPI documents with external references. ##### Examples @@ -2242,7 +2245,7 @@ description: Pets operations #### Reference Object -A simple object to allow referencing other components in the specification, internally and externally. +A simple object to allow referencing other components in the OpenAPI document, internally and externally. ##### Fixed Fields Field Name | Type | Description @@ -2670,7 +2673,7 @@ components: #### Discriminator Object -When request bodies or response payloads may be one of a number of different schemas, a `discriminator` object can be used to aid in serialization, deserialization, and validation. The discriminator is a specific object in a schema which is used to inform the consumer of the specification of an alternative schema based on the value associated with it. +When request bodies or response payloads may be one of a number of different schemas, a `discriminator` object can be used to aid in serialization, deserialization, and validation. The discriminator is a specific object in a schema which is used to inform the consumer of the document of an alternative schema based on the value associated with it. When using the discriminator, _inline_ schemas will not be considered. @@ -3389,7 +3392,7 @@ While not part of the specification itself, certain libraries MAY choose to allo Two examples of this: -1. The [Paths Object](#pathsObject) MAY be empty. It may be counterintuitive, but this may tell the viewer that they got to the right place, but can't access any documentation. They'd still have access to the [Info Object](#infoObject) which may contain additional information regarding authentication. +1. The [Paths Object](#pathsObject) MAY be present but empty. It may be counterintuitive, but this may tell the viewer that they got to the right place, but can't access any documentation. They would still have access to at least the [Info Object](#infoObject) which may contain additional information regarding authentication. 2. The [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) MAY be empty. In this case, the viewer will be aware that the path exists, but will not be able to see any of its operations or parameters. This is different than hiding the path itself from the [Paths Object](#pathsObject), so the user will not be aware of its existence. This allows the documentation provider to finely control what the viewer can see. ## Appendix A: Revision History From b5a15df68f141b2f781df0926683696d10b0d21d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mike Ralphson Date: Thu, 19 Mar 2020 16:41:38 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 25/42] Fwd port v3.0.3 dev to v3.1.0 dev (#2163) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit * fix typo in Callback Object Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * retain typo in v3.0.2; fix for v3.0.3 (#1899) Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Clarify empty Security Requirement Object usage and validity (#1886) * Clarify empty Security Requirement Object usage and validity * Reorder sentences to make clearer. * Remove wrong text. * Removed unneeded text. Co-authored-by: Ron Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Ron's wording for Darrels feedback Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * ted updates Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Replace 'application' by 'API' within the 'Info Object' definition. (#2004) Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Path Templating Clarification - proposed fix for #1830. (#1831) * Proposed fix for #1830. Each variable expression in a path must have a corresponding path parameter. * #1830 - Removed 'at least once' to defer the question about repeated references to a single path parameter. * Update #1830 fix with suggestion from Darrel @darrelmiller suggestions we use "template expression" instead of "variable expression" to align with RFC6570. Good idea. Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * yaml.org supports https, but www.yaml.org is misconfigured Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Updated text for OperationRef Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * fix a typo in the Security Filtering section (#1837) * fix a typo in the Security Filtering section * Security filtering slight reword Co-authored-by: Mike Ralphson Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Make ABNF for runtime expressions complete Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Explain unclear semantics of property `$ref` in Path Item Object (#1964) * Explain unclear semantics of property `$ref` in Path Item Object Currently, as explained in https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/issues/1038#issuecomment-295594246 the description of `$ref` in [Path Item Object](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/3.0.2/versions/3.0.2.md#pathItemObject) is unclear about the semantics behing it. I took the explaination from issue #1038 to make it more clear. * Update versions/3.1.0.md Co-authored-by: Ron Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Clarify constraints on Security Scheme Object Scheme Property (#1880) * Wording around scheme extensions * Clarified that securitySchemeScheme is only a SHOULD be registered scheme Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * fix difference between yaml and json in Response Object Examples Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Server Variable Object clarifications (#1809) * Server Variable Object clarifications * Toned language down for proper semver versioning Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Fix formatting errors in example (#2132) Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Update 3.0.3 for release (#2149) * Update README.md for release * Update release date for 3.0.3 Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Update versions/3.1.0.md Co-Authored-By: Darrel Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Fixed typo Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * explicit 'forward slash' Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * fix #2053: `style` keyword is not supported inside Schema object Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * OpenAPI not Open API Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * backticks Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * minor clarification for operationId usage in link objects (#1733) * minor clarification it's a bit confusing that both the id and the reference are called "operationId", so this tweak makes the text a bit more explicit. * use right terminology Co-Authored-By: Mike Ralphson Co-authored-by: Ron Co-authored-by: Mike Ralphson Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Update 3.1.0.md fixed typo Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Removed confusing comment Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Clarify the spec to allow optional or unspecified OAuth scopes (#1888) * Referencing issue #513. Clarify the spec to accommodate OAuth schemes where scope may be unspecified (optional scope) or where scope is not used at all. * Removed the provision for default scope represented as empty string. This introduces some ambiguities in the Security Requirement Object that would need to be addressed. * For #513, adjusting language and removing examples For #513, adjusting language and removing examples as suggested by @webron. * removed unnecessary example header Co-authored-by: Ron Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * The examples keyword is not supported inside schema (#2042) * examples not supported inside schema * figured it out * a tiny little edit Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Fix 'Security Scheme Object' definition with OAuth 2.0 grant types. (#2006) Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson * Fix formatting errors in example (#2132) Signed-off-by: Mike Ralphson Co-authored-by: seiya Co-authored-by: Adam Leventhal Co-authored-by: Sebastián Ramírez Co-authored-by: Ron Co-authored-by: Phil Sturgeon Co-authored-by: Patrice Krakow Co-authored-by: Ted Epstein Co-authored-by: Darrel Miller Co-authored-by: Carsten Brandt Co-authored-by: Henry Andrews Co-authored-by: Sergej Co-authored-by: nasa9084 Co-authored-by: Erik Wilde --- versions/3.1.0.md | 173 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------- 1 file changed, 100 insertions(+), 73 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 21ee314f31..6798bd7dbe 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -71,7 +71,9 @@ An OpenAPI definition can then be used by documentation generation tools to disp A self-contained or composite resource which defines or describes an API or elements of an API. The OpenAPI document MUST contain at least one [paths](#pathsObject) field, a [components](#oasComponents) field or a [webhooks](#oasWebhooks) field. An OpenAPI document uses and conforms to the OpenAPI Specification. ##### Path Templating -Path templating refers to the usage of curly braces ({}) to mark a section of a URL path as replaceable using path parameters. +Path templating refers to the usage of template expressions, delimited by curly braces ({}), to mark a section of a URL path as replaceable using path parameters. + +Each template expression in the path MUST correspond to a path parameter that is included in the [Path Item](#path-item-object) itself and/or in each of the Path Item's [Operations](#operation-object). ##### Media Types Media type definitions are spread across several resources. @@ -102,7 +104,9 @@ The OpenAPI Specification is versioned using [Semantic Versioning 2.0.0](https:/ The `major`.`minor` portion of the semver (for example `3.0`) SHALL designate the OAS feature set. Typically, *`.patch`* versions address errors in this document, not the feature set. Tooling which supports OAS 3.0 SHOULD be compatible with all OAS 3.0.\* versions. The patch version SHOULD NOT be considered by tooling, making no distinction between `3.0.0` and `3.0.1` for example. -Subsequent minor version releases of the OpenAPI Specification (incrementing the `minor` version number) SHOULD NOT interfere with tooling developed to a lower minor version and same major version. Thus a hypothetical `3.1.0` specification SHOULD be usable with tooling designed for `3.0.0`. +Each new minor version of the OpenAPI Specification SHALL allow any OpenAPI document that is valid against any previous minor version of the Specification, within the same major version, to be updated to the new Specification version with equivalent semantics. Such an update MUST only require changing the `openapi` property to the new minor version. + +For example, a valid OpenAPI 3.0.2 document, upon changing its `openapi` property to `3.1.0`, SHALL be a valid OpenAPI 3.1.0 document, semantically equivalent to the original OpenAPI 3.0.2 document. New minor versions of the OpenAPI Specification MUST be written to ensure this form of backward compatibility. An OpenAPI document compatible with OAS 3.\*.\* contains a required [`openapi`](#oasVersion) field which designates the semantic version of the OAS that it uses. (OAS 2.0 documents contain a top-level version field named [`swagger`](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/2.0.md#swaggerObject) and value `"2.0"`.) @@ -124,9 +128,9 @@ The schema exposes two types of fields: Fixed fields, which have a declared name Patterned fields MUST have unique names within the containing object. -In order to preserve the ability to round-trip between YAML and JSON formats, YAML version [1.2](https://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html) is RECOMMENDED along with some additional constraints: +In order to preserve the ability to round-trip between YAML and JSON formats, YAML version [1.2](https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html) is RECOMMENDED along with some additional constraints: -- Tags MUST be limited to those allowed by the [JSON Schema ruleset](https://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2803231). +- Tags MUST be limited to those allowed by the [JSON Schema ruleset](https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2803231). - Keys used in YAML maps MUST be limited to a scalar string, as defined by the [YAML Failsafe schema ruleset](https://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html#id2802346). **Note:** While APIs may be defined by OpenAPI documents in either YAML or JSON format, the API request and response bodies and other content are not required to be JSON or YAML. @@ -195,7 +199,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Description paths | [Paths Object](#pathsObject) | The available paths and operations for the API. webhooks | Map[`string`, [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] ] | The incoming webhooks that MAY be received as part of this API and that the API consumer MAY choose to implement. Closely related to the `callbacks` feature, this section describes requests initiated other than by an API call, for example by an out of band registration. The key name is a unique string to refer to each webhook, while the (optionally referenced) Path Item Object describes a request that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. An [example](../examples/v3.1/webhook-example.yaml) is available. components | [Components Object](#componentsObject) | An element to hold various schemas for the document. -security | [[Security Requirement Object](#securityRequirementObject)] | A declaration of which security mechanisms can be used across the API. The list of values includes alternative security requirement objects that can be used. Only one of the security requirement objects need to be satisfied to authorize a request. Individual operations can override this definition. +security | [[Security Requirement Object](#securityRequirementObject)] | A declaration of which security mechanisms can be used across the API. The list of values includes alternative security requirement objects that can be used. Only one of the security requirement objects need to be satisfied to authorize a request. Individual operations can override this definition. To make security optional, an empty security requirement (`{}`) can be included in the array. tags | [[Tag Object](#tagObject)] | A list of tags used by the document with additional metadata. The order of the tags can be used to reflect on their order by the parsing tools. Not all tags that are used by the [Operation Object](#operationObject) must be declared. The tags that are not declared MAY be organized randomly or based on the tools' logic. Each tag name in the list MUST be unique. externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation. @@ -211,9 +215,9 @@ The metadata MAY be used by the clients if needed, and MAY be presented in editi Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -title | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The title of the application. -summary | `string` | A short summary of the application. -description | `string` | A verbose explanation of the application. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +title | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The title of the API. +summary | `string` | A short summary of the API. +description | `string` | A short description of the API. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. termsOfService | `string` | A URL to the Terms of Service for the API. MUST be in the format of a URL. contact | [Contact Object](#contactObject) | The contact information for the exposed API. license | [License Object](#licenseObject) | The license information for the exposed API. @@ -434,8 +438,8 @@ An object representing a Server Variable for server URL template substitution. Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -enum | [`string`] | An enumeration of string values to be used if the substitution options are from a limited set. -default | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The default value to use for substitution, which SHALL be sent if an alternate value is _not_ supplied. Note this behavior is different than the [Schema Object's](#schemaObject) treatment of default values, because in those cases parameter values are optional. +enum | [`string`] | An enumeration of string values to be used if the substitution options are from a limited set. The array SHOULD NOT be empty. +default | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The default value to use for substitution, which SHALL be sent if an alternate value is _not_ supplied. Note this behavior is different than the [Schema Object's](#schemaObject) treatment of default values, because in those cases parameter values are optional. If the [`enum`](#serverVariableEnum) is defined, the value SHOULD exist in the enum's values. description | `string` | An optional description for the server variable. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -660,7 +664,7 @@ The path is appended to the URL from the [`Server Object`](#serverObject) in ord Field Pattern | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -/{path} | [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) | A relative path to an individual endpoint. The field name MUST begin with a slash. The path is **appended** (no relative URL resolution) to the expanded URL from the [`Server Object`](#serverObject)'s `url` field in order to construct the full URL. [Path templating](#pathTemplating) is allowed. When matching URLs, concrete (non-templated) paths would be matched before their templated counterparts. Templated paths with the same hierarchy but different templated names MUST NOT exist as they are identical. In case of ambiguous matching, it's up to the tooling to decide which one to use. +/{path} | [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) | A relative path to an individual endpoint. The field name MUST begin with a forward slash (`/`). The path is **appended** (no relative URL resolution) to the expanded URL from the [`Server Object`](#serverObject)'s `url` field in order to construct the full URL. [Path templating](#pathTemplating) is allowed. When matching URLs, concrete (non-templated) paths would be matched before their templated counterparts. Templated paths with the same hierarchy but different templated names MUST NOT exist as they are identical. In case of ambiguous matching, it's up to the tooling to decide which one to use. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -739,7 +743,7 @@ The path itself is still exposed to the documentation viewer but they will not k Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -$ref | `string` | Allows for an external definition of this path item. The referenced structure MUST be in the format of a [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject). If there are conflicts between the referenced definition and this Path Item's definition, the behavior is *undefined*. +$ref | `string` | Allows for an external definition of this path item. The referenced structure MUST be in the format of a [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject). In case a Path Item Object field appears both in the defined object and the referenced object, the behavior is undefined. summary| `string` | An optional, string summary, intended to apply to all operations in this path. description | `string` | An optional, string description, intended to apply to all operations in this path. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. get | [Operation Object](#operationObject) | A definition of a GET operation on this path. @@ -835,9 +839,9 @@ parameters: required: true schema: type: array - style: simple items: type: string + style: simple ``` #### Operation Object @@ -856,9 +860,9 @@ Field Name | Type | Description parameters | [[Parameter Object](#parameterObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A list of parameters that are applicable for this operation. If a parameter is already defined at the [Path Item](#pathItemParameters), the new definition will override it but can never remove it. The list MUST NOT include duplicated parameters. A unique parameter is defined by a combination of a [name](#parameterName) and [location](#parameterIn). The list can use the [Reference Object](#referenceObject) to link to parameters that are defined at the [OpenAPI Object's components/parameters](#componentsParameters). requestBody | [Request Body Object](#requestBodyObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | The request body applicable for this operation. The `requestBody` is fully supported in HTTP methods where the HTTP 1.1 specification [RFC7231](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.1) has explicitly defined semantics for request bodies. In other cases where the HTTP spec is vague (such as [GET](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.1), [HEAD](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.2) and [DELETE](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.5)), `requestBody` is permitted but does not have well-defined semantics and SHOULD be avoided if possible. responses | [Responses Object](#responsesObject) | **REQUIRED**. The list of possible responses as they are returned from executing this operation. -callbacks | Map[`string`, [Callback Object](#callbackObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A map of possible out-of band callbacks related to the parent operation. The key is a unique identifier for the Callback Object. Each value in the map is a [Callback Object](#callbackObject) that describes a request that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. The key value used to identify the callback object is an expression, evaluated at runtime, that identifies a URL to use for the callback operation. +callbacks | Map[`string`, [Callback Object](#callbackObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A map of possible out-of band callbacks related to the parent operation. The key is a unique identifier for the Callback Object. Each value in the map is a [Callback Object](#callbackObject) that describes a request that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. deprecated | `boolean` | Declares this operation to be deprecated. Consumers SHOULD refrain from usage of the declared operation. Default value is `false`. -security | [[Security Requirement Object](#securityRequirementObject)] | A declaration of which security mechanisms can be used for this operation. The list of values includes alternative security requirement objects that can be used. Only one of the security requirement objects need to be satisfied to authorize a request. This definition overrides any declared top-level [`security`](#oasSecurity). To remove a top-level security declaration, an empty array can be used. +security | [[Security Requirement Object](#securityRequirementObject)] | A declaration of which security mechanisms can be used for this operation. The list of values includes alternative security requirement objects that can be used. Only one of the security requirement objects need to be satisfied to authorize a request. To make security optional, an empty security requirement (`{}`) can be included in the array. This definition overrides any declared top-level [`security`](#oasSecurity). To remove a top-level security declaration, an empty array can be used. servers | [[Server Object](#serverObject)] | An alternative `server` array to service this operation. If an alternative `server` object is specified at the Path Item Object or Root level, it will be overridden by this value. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -888,17 +892,17 @@ This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtens "application/x-www-form-urlencoded": { "schema": { "type": "object", - "properties": { - "name": { - "description": "Updated name of the pet", - "type": "string" - }, - "status": { - "description": "Updated status of the pet", - "type": "string" - } - }, - "required": ["status"] + "properties": { + "name": { + "description": "Updated name of the pet", + "type": "string" + }, + "status": { + "description": "Updated status of the pet", + "type": "string" + } + }, + "required": ["status"] } } } @@ -1017,10 +1021,10 @@ There are four possible parameter locations specified by the `in` field: ##### Fixed Fields Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -name | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the parameter. Parameter names are *case sensitive*.
  • If [`in`](#parameterIn) is `"path"`, the `name` field MUST correspond to the associated path segment from the [path](#pathsPath) field in the [Paths Object](#pathsObject). See [Path Templating](#pathTemplating) for further information.
  • If [`in`](#parameterIn) is `"header"` and the `name` field is `"Accept"`, `"Content-Type"` or `"Authorization"`, the parameter definition SHALL be ignored.
  • For all other cases, the `name` corresponds to the parameter name used by the [`in`](#parameterIn) property.
-in | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The location of the parameter. Possible values are "query", "header", "path" or "cookie". -description | `string` | A brief description of the parameter. This could contain examples of use. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. -required | `boolean` | Determines whether this parameter is mandatory. If the [parameter location](#parameterIn) is "path", this property is **REQUIRED** and its value MUST be `true`. Otherwise, the property MAY be included and its default value is `false`. +name | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the parameter. Parameter names are *case sensitive*.
  • If [`in`](#parameterIn) is `"path"`, the `name` field MUST correspond to a template expression occurring within the [path](#pathsPath) field in the [Paths Object](#pathsObject). See [Path Templating](#pathTemplating) for further information.
  • If [`in`](#parameterIn) is `"header"` and the `name` field is `"Accept"`, `"Content-Type"` or `"Authorization"`, the parameter definition SHALL be ignored.
  • For all other cases, the `name` corresponds to the parameter name used by the [`in`](#parameterIn) property.
+in | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The location of the parameter. Possible values are `"query"`, `"header"`, `"path"` or `"cookie"`. +description | `string` | A brief description of the parameter. This could contain examples of use. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. +required | `boolean` | Determines whether this parameter is mandatory. If the [parameter location](#parameterIn) is `"path"`, this property is **REQUIRED** and its value MUST be `true`. Otherwise, the property MAY be included and its default value is `false`. deprecated | `boolean` | Specifies that a parameter is deprecated and SHOULD be transitioned out of usage. Default value is `false`. allowEmptyValue | `boolean` | Sets the ability to pass empty-valued parameters. This is valid only for `query` parameters and allows sending a parameter with an empty value. Default value is `false`. If [`style`](#parameterStyle) is used, and if behavior is `n/a` (cannot be serialized), the value of `allowEmptyValue` SHALL be ignored. Use of this property is NOT RECOMMENDED, as it is likely to be removed in a later revision. @@ -1030,11 +1034,11 @@ For simpler scenarios, a [`schema`](#parameterSchema) and [`style`](#parameterSt Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- style | `string` | Describes how the parameter value will be serialized depending on the type of the parameter value. Default values (based on value of `in`): for `query` - `form`; for `path` - `simple`; for `header` - `simple`; for `cookie` - `form`. -explode | `boolean` | When this is true, parameter values of type `array` or `object` generate separate parameters for each value of the array or key-value pair of the map. For other types of parameters this property has no effect. When [`style`](#parameterStyle) is `form`, the default value is `true`. For all other styles, the default value is `false`. +explode | `boolean` | When this is true, parameter values of type `array` or `object` generate separate parameters for each value of the array or key-value pair of the map. For other types of parameters this property has no effect. When [`style`](#parameterStyle) is `form`, the default value is `true`. For all other styles, the default value is `false`. allowReserved | `boolean` | Determines whether the parameter value SHOULD allow reserved characters, as defined by [RFC3986](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-2.2) `:/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;=` to be included without percent-encoding. This property only applies to parameters with an `in` value of `query`. The default value is `false`. schema | [Schema Object](#schemaObject) | The schema defining the type used for the parameter. -example | Any | Example of the media type. The example SHOULD match the specified schema and encoding properties if present. The `example` field is mutually exclusive of the `examples` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` which contains an example, the `example` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. To represent examples of media types that cannot naturally be represented in JSON or YAML, a string value can contain the example with escaping where necessary. -examples | Map[ `string`, [Example Object](#exampleObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | Examples of the media type. Each example SHOULD contain a value in the correct format as specified in the parameter encoding. The `examples` field is mutually exclusive of the `example` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` which contains an example, the `examples` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. +example | Any | Example of the parameter's potential value. The example SHOULD match the specified schema and encoding properties if present. The `example` field is mutually exclusive of the `examples` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` that contains an example, the `example` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. To represent examples of media types that cannot naturally be represented in JSON or YAML, a string value can contain the example with escaping where necessary. +examples | Map[ `string`, [Example Object](#exampleObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | Examples of the parameter's potential value. Each example SHOULD contain a value in the correct format as specified in the parameter encoding. The `examples` field is mutually exclusive of the `example` field. Furthermore, if referencing a `schema` that contains an example, the `examples` value SHALL _override_ the example provided by the schema. For more complex scenarios, the [`content`](#parameterContent) property can define the media type and schema of the parameter. A parameter MUST contain either a `schema` property, or a `content` property, but not both. @@ -1043,7 +1047,7 @@ When `example` or `examples` are provided in conjunction with the `schema` objec Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -content | Map[`string`, [Media Type Object](#mediaTypeObject)] | A map containing the representations for the parameter. The key is the media type and the value describes it. The map MUST only contain one entry. +content | Map[`string`, [Media Type Object](#mediaTypeObject)] | A map containing the representations for the parameter. The key is the media type and the value describes it. The map MUST only contain one entry. ##### Style Values @@ -1072,7 +1076,7 @@ Assume a parameter named `color` has one of the following values: The following table shows examples of rendering differences for each value. [`style`](#dataTypeFormat) | `explode` | `empty` | `string` | `array` | `object` ------------ | ------ | -------- | -------- | --------|------- +----------- | ------ | -------- | -------- | -------- | ------- matrix | false | ;color | ;color=blue | ;color=blue,black,brown | ;color=R,100,G,200,B,150 matrix | true | ;color | ;color=blue | ;color=blue;color=black;color=brown | ;R=100;G=200;B=150 label | false | . | .blue | .blue.black.brown | .R.100.G.200.B.150 @@ -1082,7 +1086,7 @@ form | true | color= | color=blue | color=blue&color=black&color=brown | R=100&G simple | false | n/a | blue | blue,black,brown | R,100,G,200,B,150 simple | true | n/a | blue | blue,black,brown | R=100,G=200,B=150 spaceDelimited | false | n/a | n/a | blue%20black%20brown | R%20100%20G%20200%20B%20150 -pipeDelimited | false | n/a | n/a | blue\|black\|brown | R\|100\|G\|200|G\|150 +pipeDelimited | false | n/a | n/a | blue\|black\|brown | R\|100\|G\|200\|B\|150 deepObject | true | n/a | n/a | n/a | color[R]=100&color[G]=200&color[B]=150 This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -1467,7 +1471,6 @@ A `requestBody` for submitting a file in a `POST` operation may look like the fo requestBody: content: application/octet-stream: - # any media type is accepted, functionally equivalent to `*/*` schema: # a binary file of any type type: string @@ -1783,7 +1786,8 @@ Plain text response with headers: "content": { "text/plain": { "schema": { - "type": "string" + "type": "string", + "example": "whoa!" } } }, @@ -1848,7 +1852,7 @@ description: object created A map of possible out-of band callbacks related to the parent operation. Each value in the map is a [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) that describes a set of requests that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. -The key value used to identify the callback object is an expression, evaluated at runtime, that identifies a URL to use for the callback operation. +The key value used to identify the path item object is an expression, evaluated at runtime, that identifies a URL to use for the callback operation. To describe incoming requests from the API provider independent from another API call, use the [`webhooks`](#oasWebhooks) field. @@ -1903,7 +1907,7 @@ $response.header.Location | https://example.org/subscription/1 ##### Callback Object Examples -The following example uses the user provided `queryUrl` query string parameter to define the callback URL. This is an example of how to use a callback object to describe a callback that goes with the subscription operation to enable registering for the callback. +The following example uses the user provided `queryUrl` query string parameter to define the callback URL. This is an example of how to use a callback object to describe a WebHook callback that goes with the subscription operation to enable registering for the WebHook. ```yaml myCallback: @@ -1955,18 +1959,6 @@ validate compatibility automatically, and reject the example value(s) if incompa ##### Example Object Examples -In a model: - -```yaml -schemas: - properties: - name: - type: string - examples: - name: - $ref: https://example.org/petapi-examples/openapi.json#/components/examples/name-example -``` - In a request body: ```yaml @@ -2003,9 +1995,9 @@ parameters: schema: type: 'string' format: 'zip-code' - examples: - zip-example: - $ref: '#/components/examples/zip-example' + examples: + zip-example: + $ref: '#/components/examples/zip-example' ``` In a response: @@ -2037,7 +2029,7 @@ For computing links, and providing instructions to execute them, a [runtime expr Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -operationRef | `string` | A relative or absolute reference to an OAS operation. This field is mutually exclusive of the `operationId` field, and MUST point to an [Operation Object](#operationObject). Relative `operationRef` values MAY be used to locate an existing [Operation Object](#operationObject) in the OpenAPI definition. +operationRef | `string` | A relative or absolute URI reference to an OAS operation. This field is mutually exclusive of the `operationId` field, and MUST point to an [Operation Object](#operationObject). Relative `operationRef` values MAY be used to locate an existing [Operation Object](#operationObject) in the OpenAPI definition. operationId | `string` | The name of an _existing_, resolvable OAS operation, as defined with a unique `operationId`. This field is mutually exclusive of the `operationRef` field. parameters | Map[`string`, Any \| [{expression}](#runtimeExpression)] | A map representing parameters to pass to an operation as specified with `operationId` or identified via `operationRef`. The key is the parameter name to be used, whereas the value can be a constant or an expression to be evaluated and passed to the linked operation. The parameter name can be qualified using the [parameter location](#parameterIn) `[{in}.]{name}` for operations that use the same parameter name in different locations (e.g. path.id). requestBody | Any \| [{expression}](#runtimeExpression) | A literal value or [{expression}](#runtimeExpression) to use as a request body when calling the target operation. @@ -2122,7 +2114,7 @@ solely by the existence of a relationship. ##### OperationRef Examples As references to `operationId` MAY NOT be possible (the `operationId` is an optional -value), references MAY also be made through a relative `operationRef`: +field in an [Operation Object](#operationObject)), references MAY also be made through a relative `operationRef`: ```yaml links: @@ -2155,19 +2147,27 @@ This mechanism is used by [Link Objects](#linkObject) and [Callback Objects](#ca The runtime expression is defined by the following [ABNF](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5234) syntax -``` - expression = ( "$url" | "$method" | "$statusCode" | "$request." source | "$response." source ) - source = ( header-reference | query-reference | path-reference | body-reference ) +```abnf + expression = ( "$url" / "$method" / "$statusCode" / "$request." source / "$response." source ) + source = ( header-reference / query-reference / path-reference / body-reference ) header-reference = "header." token query-reference = "query." name path-reference = "path." name - body-reference = "body" ["#" fragment] - fragment = a JSON Pointer [RFC 6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901) - name = *( char ) - char = as per RFC [7159](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7159#section-7) - token = as per RFC [7230](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2.6) + body-reference = "body" ["#" json-pointer ] + json-pointer = *( "/" reference-token ) + reference-token = *( unescaped / escaped ) + unescaped = %x00-2E / %x30-7D / %x7F-10FFFF + ; %x2F ('/') and %x7E ('~') are excluded from 'unescaped' + escaped = "~" ( "0" / "1" ) + ; representing '~' and '/', respectively + name = *( CHAR ) + token = 1*tchar + tchar = "!" / "#" / "$" / "%" / "&" / "'" / "*" / "+" / "-" / "." / + "^" / "_" / "`" / "|" / "~" / DIGIT / ALPHA ``` +Here, `json-pointer` is taken from [RFC 6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901), `char` from [RFC 7159](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7159#section-7) and `token` from [RFC 7230](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2.6). + The `name` identifier is case-sensitive, whereas `token` is not. The table below provides examples of runtime expressions and examples of their use in a value: @@ -3162,7 +3162,8 @@ animals: #### Security Scheme Object Defines a security scheme that can be used by the operations. -Supported schemes are HTTP authentication, an API key (either as a header, a cookie parameter or as a query parameter), mutual TLS (use of a client certificate), OAuth2's common flows (implicit, password, application and access code) as defined in [RFC6749](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749), and [OpenID Connect](https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html). + +Supported schemes are HTTP authentication, an API key (either as a header, a cookie parameter or as a query parameter), mutual TLS (use of a client certificate), OAuth2's common flows (implicit, password, client credentials and authorization code) as defined in [RFC6749](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749), and [OpenID Connect Discovery](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-discovery-06). Please note that currently (2019) the implicit flow is about to be deprecated [OAuth 2.0 Security Best Current Practice](https://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-ietf-oauth-security-topics). Recommended for most use case is Authorization Code Grant flow with PKCE. ##### Fixed Fields @@ -3172,7 +3173,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Applies To | Description description | `string` | Any | A short description for security scheme. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. name | `string` | `apiKey` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the header, query or cookie parameter to be used. in | `string` | `apiKey` | **REQUIRED**. The location of the API key. Valid values are `"query"`, `"header"` or `"cookie"`. -scheme | `string` | `http` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the HTTP Authorization scheme to be used in the [Authorization header as defined in RFC7235](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7235#section-5.1). +scheme | `string` | `http` | **REQUIRED**. The name of the HTTP Authorization scheme to be used in the [Authorization header as defined in RFC7235](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7235#section-5.1). The values used SHOULD be registered in the [IANA Authentication Scheme registry](https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-authschemes/http-authschemes.xhtml). bearerFormat | `string` | `http` (`"bearer"`) | A hint to the client to identify how the bearer token is formatted. Bearer tokens are usually generated by an authorization server, so this information is primarily for documentation purposes. flows | [OAuth Flows Object](#oauthFlowsObject) | `oauth2` | **REQUIRED**. An object containing configuration information for the flow types supported. openIdConnectUrl | `string` | `openIdConnect` | **REQUIRED**. OpenId Connect URL to discover OAuth2 configuration values. This MUST be in the form of a URL. The OpenID Connect standard requires the use of TLS. @@ -3278,7 +3279,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Applies To | Description authorizationUrl | `string` | `oauth2` (`"implicit"`, `"authorizationCode"`) | **REQUIRED**. The authorization URL to be used for this flow. This MUST be in the form of a URL. The OAuth2 standard requires the use of TLS. tokenUrl | `string` | `oauth2` (`"password"`, `"clientCredentials"`, `"authorizationCode"`) | **REQUIRED**. The token URL to be used for this flow. This MUST be in the form of a URL. The OAuth2 standard requires the use of TLS. refreshUrl | `string` | `oauth2` | The URL to be used for obtaining refresh tokens. This MUST be in the form of a URL. The OAuth2 standard requires the use of TLS. -scopes | Map[`string`, `string`] | `oauth2` | **REQUIRED**. The available scopes for the OAuth2 security scheme. A map between the scope name and a short description for it. +scopes | Map[`string`, `string`] | `oauth2` | **REQUIRED**. The available scopes for the OAuth2 security scheme. A map between the scope name and a short description for it. The map MAY be empty. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). @@ -3323,7 +3324,6 @@ flows: read:pets: read your pets ``` - #### Security Requirement Object Lists the required security schemes to execute this operation. @@ -3338,7 +3338,7 @@ When a list of Security Requirement Objects is defined on the [OpenAPI Object](# Field Pattern | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -{name} | [`string`] | Each name MUST correspond to a security scheme which is declared in the [Security Schemes](#componentsSecuritySchemes) under the [Components Object](#componentsObject). If the security scheme is of type `"oauth2"` or `"openIdConnect"`, then the value is a list of scope names required for the execution. For other security scheme types, the array MUST be empty. +{name} | [`string`] | Each name MUST correspond to a security scheme which is declared in the [Security Schemes](#componentsSecuritySchemes) under the [Components Object](#componentsObject). If the security scheme is of type `"oauth2"` or `"openIdConnect"`, then the value is a list of scope names required for the execution, and the list MAY be empty if authorization does not require a specified scope. For other security scheme types, the array MUST be empty. ##### Security Requirement Object Examples @@ -3371,6 +3371,32 @@ petstore_auth: - read:pets ``` +###### Optional OAuth2 Security + +Optional OAuth2 security as would be defined in an OpenAPI Object or an Operation Object: + +```json +{ + "security": [ + {}, + { + "petstore_auth": [ + "write:pets", + "read:pets" + ] + } + ] +} +``` + +```yaml +security: + - {} + - petstore_auth: + - write:pets + - read:pets +``` + ### Specification Extensions While the OpenAPI Specification tries to accommodate most use cases, additional data can be added to extend the specification at certain points. @@ -3393,21 +3419,22 @@ While not part of the specification itself, certain libraries MAY choose to allo Two examples of this: 1. The [Paths Object](#pathsObject) MAY be present but empty. It may be counterintuitive, but this may tell the viewer that they got to the right place, but can't access any documentation. They would still have access to at least the [Info Object](#infoObject) which may contain additional information regarding authentication. -2. The [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) MAY be empty. In this case, the viewer will be aware that the path exists, but will not be able to see any of its operations or parameters. This is different than hiding the path itself from the [Paths Object](#pathsObject), so the user will not be aware of its existence. This allows the documentation provider to finely control what the viewer can see. +2. The [Path Item Object](#pathItemObject) MAY be empty. In this case, the viewer will be aware that the path exists, but will not be able to see any of its operations or parameters. This is different from hiding the path itself from the [Paths Object](#pathsObject), because the user will be aware of its existence. This allows the documentation provider to finely control what the viewer can see. + ## Appendix A: Revision History Version | Date | Notes --- | --- | --- 3.1.0 | TBD | TBD -3.0.3 | TBD | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.3 +3.0.3 | 2020-02-20 | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.3 3.0.2 | 2018-10-08 | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.2 3.0.1 | 2017-12-06 | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.1 3.0.0 | 2017-07-26 | Release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.0 3.0.0-rc2 | 2017-06-16 | rc2 of the 3.0 specification 3.0.0-rc1 | 2017-04-27 | rc1 of the 3.0 specification 3.0.0-rc0 | 2017-02-28 | Implementer's Draft of the 3.0 specification -2.0 | 2015-12-31 | Donation of Swagger 2.0 to the Open API Initiative +2.0 | 2015-12-31 | Donation of Swagger 2.0 to the OpenAPI Initiative 2.0 | 2014-09-08 | Release of Swagger 2.0 1.2 | 2014-03-14 | Initial release of the formal document. 1.1 | 2012-08-22 | Release of Swagger 1.1 From b45d0d8f993fcebb2220cf17ac878d2e8d6a9b52 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mike Ralphson Date: Thu, 19 Mar 2020 17:00:55 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 26/42] security; widen use of scopes array to other securityScheme types (#1829) Co-authored-by: Ron --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 6798bd7dbe..79d3105562 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -3338,7 +3338,7 @@ When a list of Security Requirement Objects is defined on the [OpenAPI Object](# Field Pattern | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -{name} | [`string`] | Each name MUST correspond to a security scheme which is declared in the [Security Schemes](#componentsSecuritySchemes) under the [Components Object](#componentsObject). If the security scheme is of type `"oauth2"` or `"openIdConnect"`, then the value is a list of scope names required for the execution, and the list MAY be empty if authorization does not require a specified scope. For other security scheme types, the array MUST be empty. +{name} | [`string`] | Each name MUST correspond to a security scheme which is declared in the [Security Schemes](#componentsSecuritySchemes) under the [Components Object](#componentsObject). If the security scheme is of type `"oauth2"` or `"openIdConnect"`, then the value is a list of scope names required for the execution, and the list MAY be empty if authorization does not require a specified scope. For other security scheme types, the array MAY contain a list of role names which are required for the execution, but are not otherwise defined or exchanged in-band. ##### Security Requirement Object Examples From cafadc9d60b9f1b9a4f0cff802a0b161f4b533cb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mike Ralphson Date: Thu, 26 Mar 2020 16:43:53 +0000 Subject: [PATCH 27/42] Allow summary and description as $ref siblings (#2181) --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 79d3105562..4dde438fbf 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2251,6 +2251,8 @@ A simple object to allow referencing other components in the OpenAPI document, i Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- $ref | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The reference string. +summary | `string` | A short summary which by default SHOULD override that of the referenced component. If the referenced object-type does not define a `summary` field, then this field has no effect. +description | `string` | A description which by default SHOULD override that of the referenced component. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. If the referenced object-type does not define a `description` field, then this field has no effect. This object cannot be extended with additional properties and any properties added SHALL be ignored. From 1a8d44fc59864c1c4a783c1881c65d89754c29a2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Phil Sturgeon Date: Thu, 9 Apr 2020 17:52:04 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 28/42] HTTP not REST (#1946) Co-authored-by: Phil Sturgeon --- README.md | 6 +++--- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 +- 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 8c180d6ef0..7ba9ee75d6 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ The OpenAPI Specification is a community-driven open specification within the [OpenAPI Initiative](https://www.openapis.org/), a Linux Foundation Collaborative Project. -The OpenAPI Specification (OAS) defines a standard, programming language-agnostic interface description for [REST APIs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer), which allows both humans and computers to discover and understand the capabilities of a service without requiring access to source code, additional documentation, or inspection of network traffic. When properly defined via OpenAPI, a consumer can understand and interact with the remote service with a minimal amount of implementation logic. Similar to what interface descriptions have done for lower-level programming, the OpenAPI Specification removes guesswork in calling a service. +The OpenAPI Specification (OAS) defines a standard, programming language-agnostic interface description for HTTP APIs, which allows both humans and computers to discover and understand the capabilities of a service without requiring access to source code, additional documentation, or inspection of network traffic. When properly defined via OpenAPI, a consumer can understand and interact with the remote service with a minimal amount of implementation logic. Similar to what interface descriptions have done for lower-level programming, the OpenAPI Specification removes guesswork in calling a service. -Use cases for machine-readable API definition documents include, but are not limited to: interactive documentation; code generation for documentation, clients, and servers; and automation of test cases. OpenAPI documents describe an API's services and are represented in either YAML or JSON formats. These documents may either be produced and served statically or be generated dynamically from an application. +Use cases for machine-readable API definition documents include, but are not limited to: interactive documentation; code generation for documentation, clients, and servers; and automation of test cases. OpenAPI documents describe an APIs services and are represented in either YAML or JSON formats. These documents may either be produced and served statically or be generated dynamically from an application. -The OpenAPI Specification does not require rewriting existing APIs. It does not require binding any software to a service — the service being described may not even be owned by the creator of its description. It does, however, require the capabilities of the service be described in the structure of the OpenAPI Specification. Not all services can be described by OpenAPI — this specification is not intended to cover every possible style of REST APIs. The OpenAPI Specification does not mandate a specific development process such as design-first or code-first. It does facilitate either technique by establishing clear interactions with a REST API. +The OpenAPI Specification does not require rewriting existing APIs. It does not require binding any software to a service — the service being described may not even be owned by the creator of its description. It does, however, require the capabilities of the service be described in the structure of the OpenAPI Specification. Not all services can be described by OpenAPI — this specification is not intended to cover every possible style of HTTP APIs, but does include support for [REST APIs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer). The OpenAPI Specification does not mandate a specific development process such as design-first or code-first. It does facilitate either technique by establishing clear interactions with a HTTP API. This GitHub project is the starting point for OpenAPI. Here you will find the information you need about the OpenAPI Specification, simple examples of what it looks like, and some general information regarding the project. diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index b01108986d..ac68e58d8d 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This document is licensed under [The Apache License, Version 2.0](https://www.ap ## Introduction -The OpenAPI Specification (OAS) defines a standard, language-agnostic interface to RESTful APIs which allows both humans and computers to discover and understand the capabilities of the service without access to source code, documentation, or through network traffic inspection. When properly defined, a consumer can understand and interact with the remote service with a minimal amount of implementation logic. +The OpenAPI Specification (OAS) defines a standard, language-agnostic interface to HTTP APIs which allows both humans and computers to discover and understand the capabilities of the service without access to source code, documentation, or through network traffic inspection. When properly defined, a consumer can understand and interact with the remote service with a minimal amount of implementation logic. An OpenAPI definition can then be used by documentation generation tools to display the API, code generation tools to generate servers and clients in various programming languages, testing tools, and many other use cases. From d5b65bbef73f966d14148bf2ec299ddc4620221c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ron Date: Wed, 6 May 2020 15:46:24 -0600 Subject: [PATCH 29/42] Missing updates While going over the changes for the release notes, found two issues: - The TOC entry for `Relative references in URIs` was not modified to match the change in the spec. - The `Paths Object` had an extra sentence that should have not been there (referencing sub-documents and overlays). --- versions/3.1.0.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index ac68e58d8d..eabfa113c3 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ An OpenAPI definition can then be used by documentation generation tools to disp - [Document Structure](#documentStructure) - [Data Types](#dataTypes) - [Rich Text Formatting](#richText) - - [Relative References In URLs](#relativeReferences) + - [Relative References In URIs](#relativeReferences) - [Schema](#schema) - [OpenAPI Object](#oasObject) - [Info Object](#infoObject) @@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ components: #### Paths Object Holds the relative paths to the individual endpoints and their operations. -The path is appended to the URL from the [`Server Object`](#serverObject) in order to construct the full URL. The Paths MAY be empty, due to [Access Control List (ACL) constraints](#securityFiltering). Paths MAY be omitted in some classes of OAS documents, including referenced sub-documents and overlays. +The path is appended to the URL from the [`Server Object`](#serverObject) in order to construct the full URL. The Paths MAY be empty, due to [Access Control List (ACL) constraints](#securityFiltering). ##### Patterned Fields From ece5497960256cc03f2d508afe2471fd6e19225e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Henry Andrews Date: Thu, 14 May 2020 09:58:29 -0700 Subject: [PATCH 30/42] Remove boolean compatibility for exclusive* (#2226) This brings exclusiveMinimum, exclusiveMaximum, minimum, and maximum, into full modern JSON Schema compatibility. There are no edits directly mentioning minimum and maximum, but removing the boolean form simplifies their processing by making it context-independent. --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 -- 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index eabfa113c3..b890a4d22f 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2307,8 +2307,6 @@ The OpenAPI Schema Object is a JSON Schema vocabulary which extends JSON Schema The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their definitions were adjusted to the OpenAPI Specification. - type - Used to restrict the allowed types as specified in JSON Schema, but may be modified by the [`nullable`](#schemaNullable) keyword. -- exclusiveMinimum - Value can be a numeric value just like JSON Schema, or for backwards compatibility with older drafts it can accept a boolean to act as a modifier to the `minimum` keyword. The numeric value usage is recommended. -- exclusiveMaximum - Value can be a numeric value just like JSON Schema, or for backwards compatibility with older drafts it can accept a boolean to act as a modifier to the `minimum` keyword. The numeric value usage is recommended. - description - [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. - format - See [Data Type Formats](#dataTypeFormat) for further details. While relying on JSON Schema's defined formats, the OAS offers a few additional predefined formats. From 69662e44d161cdba96d26eedc0074629df8b4dcb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Henry Andrews Date: Thu, 28 May 2020 09:33:54 -0700 Subject: [PATCH 31/42] Update "format" and "content*" for new JSON Schema (#2200) * Update "format" and "content*" for new JSON Schema This removes OAS formats and examples that are now superfluous as they are part of the 2019-09 JSON Schema draft. Similarly it deprecates the "byte" and "binary" formats in favor of JSON Schema's "contentEncoding" and "contentMediaType" keywords, and updates various related exapmles and other guidance. It also removes confusingly blank rows in the OAS format table. * "format" is an annotation * Fix broken table, type, in Encoding Object Broke some things while updating for "content*" * Fix format of `format` Backticks, not double quotes. * Remove unneeded detail on "format" This was just duplicating info from the JSON Schema spec. Co-authored-by: Darrel * Remove "byte" and "binary" formats altogether. Instead of just deprecating. The "content*" keywords now cover these use cases. * Harmonize JSON Schema content* + Media Type Object Includes harmonizing with the Encoding Object. In general, OpenAPI objects set the media type, although there is a case for `contentMediaType` with multipart/form-data. Otherwise, `contentEncoding` replaces the now-removed custom formats. A possibly controversial change is to indicate unencoded binary data by omitting `type` (or omitting the schema altogether), as binary data does not conform to JSON string requirements. This could still be done with `type: string` if that is preferred. It's going to be a bit weird either way. I can add wording in the next JSON Schema draft to clarify whichever approach makes more sense. * Fix typos from review * Remove stray {} * Fix inconsistencies contentMediaType and Encoding Object Co-authored-by: Darrel --- versions/3.1.0.md | 85 +++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ 1 file changed, 42 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index b890a4d22f..09ecb3bea3 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -147,12 +147,14 @@ Primitive data types in the OAS are based on the types supported by the [JSON Sc Note that `integer` as a type is also supported and is defined as a JSON number without a fraction or exponent part. Models are defined using the [Schema Object](#schemaObject), which is a superset of JSON Schema Specification Draft 2019-09. -Primitives have an optional modifier property: `format`. -OAS uses several known formats to define in fine detail the data type being used. +Primitives have an optional modifier property: `format`, which is defined by JSON Schema. +OAS uses several known additional formats to define in fine detail the data type being used. However, to support documentation needs, the `format` property is an open `string`-valued property, and can have any value. -Formats such as `"email"`, `"uuid"`, and so on, MAY be used even though undefined by this specification. +Additional formats MAY be used even though undefined by either JSON Schema or this specification. Types that are not accompanied by a `format` property follow the type definition in the JSON Schema. Tools that do not recognize a specific `format` MAY default back to the `type` alone, as if the `format` is not specified. +Note that by default, JSON Schema validators will not attempt to validate the `format` keyword. https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/release-notes.html#format-vocabulary + The formats defined by the OAS are: [`type`](#dataTypes) | [`format`](#dataTypeFormat) | Comments @@ -161,15 +163,8 @@ The formats defined by the OAS are: `integer` | `int64` | signed 64 bits (a.k.a long) `number` | `float` | | `number` | `double` | | -`string` | | | -`string` | `byte` | base64 encoded characters -`string` | `binary` | any sequence of octets -`boolean` | | | -`string` | `date` | As defined by `full-date` - [RFC3339](https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/html/rfc3339.html#anchor14) -`string` | `date-time` | As defined by `date-time` - [RFC3339](https://xml2rfc.ietf.org/public/rfc/html/rfc3339.html#anchor14) `string` | `password` | A hint to UIs to obscure input. - ### Rich Text Formatting Throughout the specification `description` fields are noted as supporting CommonMark markdown formatting. Where OpenAPI tooling renders rich text it MUST support, at a minimum, markdown syntax as described by [CommonMark 0.27](https://spec.commonmark.org/0.27/). Tooling MAY choose to ignore some CommonMark features to address security concerns. @@ -1447,20 +1442,35 @@ application/json: ##### Considerations for File Uploads -In contrast with the 2.0 specification, `file` input/output content in OpenAPI is described with the same semantics as any other schema type. Specifically: +In contrast with the 2.0 specification, `file` input/output content in OpenAPI is described with the same semantics as any other schema type. In contrast with the 3.0 specification, such schemas use the `contentEncoding` JSON Schema keyword rather than the `format` keyword. This keyword supports all encodings defined in [RFC4648](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4648), including "base64" and "base64url", as well as "quoted-printable" from [RFC2045](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2045#section-6.7). + +JSON Schema also offers a `contentMediaType` keyword. However, when the media type is already specified by the +Media Type Object's key, or by the `contentType` field of an [Encoding Object](#encodingObject), the `contentMediaType` keyword SHALL be ignored if present. + +Examples: + +Content transferred in binary (octet-stream) SHOULD omit `schema`, as no JSON Schema type is suitable: ```yaml -# content transferred with base64 encoding -schema: - type: string - format: base64 +# a PNG image as a binary file: +content: + image/png: {} ``` ```yaml -# content transferred in binary (octet-stream): -schema: - type: string - format: binary +# an arbitrary binary file: +content: + application/octet-stream: {} +``` + +Binary content transferred with base64 encoding: + +```yaml +content: + image/png: + schema: + type: string + contentEncoding: base64 ``` These examples apply to either input payloads of file uploads or response payloads. @@ -1470,11 +1480,7 @@ A `requestBody` for submitting a file in a `POST` operation may look like the fo ```yaml requestBody: content: - application/octet-stream: - schema: - # a binary file of any type - type: string - format: binary + application/octet-stream: {} ``` In addition, specific media types MAY be specified: @@ -1484,14 +1490,8 @@ In addition, specific media types MAY be specified: requestBody: content: # a binary file of type png or jpeg - 'image/jpeg': - schema: - type: string - format: binary - 'image/png': - schema: - type: string - format: binary + image/jpeg: {} + image/png: {} ``` To upload multiple files, a `multipart` media type MUST be used: @@ -1506,9 +1506,7 @@ requestBody: file: type: array items: - type: string - format: binary - + contentMediaType: application/octet-stream ``` ##### Support for x-www-form-urlencoded Request Bodies @@ -1546,8 +1544,10 @@ When passing in `multipart` types, boundaries MAY be used to separate sections o * If the property is a primitive, or an array of primitive values, the default Content-Type is `text/plain` * If the property is complex, or an array of complex values, the default Content-Type is `application/json` -* If the property is a `type: string` with `format: binary` or `format: base64` (aka a file object), the default Content-Type is `application/octet-stream` +* If the property is a `type: string` with a `contentEncoding`, the default Content-Type is `application/octet-stream` +* If the JSON Schema keyword `contentMediaType` is used and no Encoding Object is present, then the Content-Type is that which is specified by `contentMediaType`, however if an Encoding Object is present, then `contentMediaType` SHALL be ignored +As with non-multipart request or response bodies, when using `contentMediaType` to specify a binary Content-Type without also using `contentEncoding`, the JSON Schema `type` keyword is omitted. Examples: @@ -1566,9 +1566,8 @@ requestBody: type: object properties: {} profileImage: - # default Content-Type for string/binary is `application/octet-stream` - type: string - format: binary + # Content-Type with contentMediaType is the contentMediaType (image/png here) + contentMediaType: image/png children: # default Content-Type for arrays is based on the `inner` type (text/plain here) type: array @@ -1578,7 +1577,8 @@ requestBody: # default Content-Type for arrays is based on the `inner` type (object shown, so `application/json` in this example) type: array items: - type: '#/components/schemas/Address' + type: object + $ref: '#/components/schemas/Address' ``` An `encoding` attribute is introduced to give you control over the serialization of parts of `multipart` request bodies. This attribute is _only_ applicable to `multipart` and `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` request bodies. @@ -1590,7 +1590,7 @@ A single encoding definition applied to a single schema property. ##### Fixed Fields Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -contentType | `string` | The Content-Type for encoding a specific property. Default value depends on the property type: for `string` with `format` being `binary` – `application/octet-stream`; for other primitive types – `text/plain`; for `object` - `application/json`; for `array` – the default is defined based on the inner type. The value can be a specific media type (e.g. `application/json`), a wildcard media type (e.g. `image/*`), or a comma-separated list of the two types. +contentType | `string` | The Content-Type for encoding a specific property. Default value depends on the property type: when `type` is absent and `contentMediaType` is present - the value of `contentMediaType`; when both `type` and `contentMediaType` are absent - `application/octet-stream`; for `string` with a `contentEncoding` - `application/octet-string`; for other primitive types – `text/plain`; for `object` - `application/json`; for `array` – the default is defined based on the inner type. The value can be a specific media type (e.g. `application/json`), a wildcard media type (e.g. `image/*`), or a comma-separated list of the two types. headers | Map[`string`, [Header Object](#headerObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A map allowing additional information to be provided as headers, for example `Content-Disposition`. `Content-Type` is described separately and SHALL be ignored in this section. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not a `multipart`. style | `string` | Describes how a specific property value will be serialized depending on its type. See [Parameter Object](#parameterObject) for details on the [`style`](#parameterStyle) property. The behavior follows the same values as `query` parameters, including default values. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` or `multipart/form-data`. If a value is explicitly defined, then the value of [`contentType`](#encodingContentType) (implicit or explicit) SHALL be ignored. explode | `boolean` | When this is true, property values of type `array` or `object` generate separate parameters for each value of the array, or key-value-pair of the map. For other types of properties this property has no effect. When [`style`](#encodingStyle) is `form`, the default value is `true`. For all other styles, the default value is `false`. This property SHALL be ignored if the request body media type is not `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` or `multipart/form-data`. If a value is explicitly defined, then the value of [`contentType`](#encodingContentType) (implicit or explicit) SHALL be ignored. @@ -1621,9 +1621,8 @@ requestBody: type: object properties: {} profileImage: - # default is application/octet-stream, need to declare an image type only! type: string - format: binary + contentMediaType: image/jpeg encoding: historyMetadata: # require XML Content-Type in utf-8 encoding From 835a18fe6d33dd9a752aa23ae0ee5340c15da217 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mike Ralphson Date: Thu, 28 May 2020 17:47:16 +0100 Subject: [PATCH 32/42] [3.1.0-dev] drop OAS semver requirement (#2243) * drop OAS semver requirement * Update versions/3.1.0.md Co-authored-by: Darrel --- versions/3.1.0.md | 12 ++++-------- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 09ecb3bea3..91f957c122 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -100,15 +100,11 @@ The available status codes are defined by [RFC7231](https://tools.ietf.org/html/ ### Versions -The OpenAPI Specification is versioned using [Semantic Versioning 2.0.0](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html) (semver) and follows the semver specification. +The OpenAPI Specification is versioned using a `major`.`minor`.`patch` versioning scheme. The `major`.`minor` portion of the version string (for example `3.1`) SHALL designate the OAS feature set. *`.patch`* versions address errors in, or provide clarifications to, this document, not the feature set. Tooling which supports OAS 3.1 SHOULD be compatible with all OAS 3.1.\* versions. The patch version SHOULD NOT be considered by tooling, making no distinction between `3.1.0` and `3.1.1` for example. -The `major`.`minor` portion of the semver (for example `3.0`) SHALL designate the OAS feature set. Typically, *`.patch`* versions address errors in this document, not the feature set. Tooling which supports OAS 3.0 SHOULD be compatible with all OAS 3.0.\* versions. The patch version SHOULD NOT be considered by tooling, making no distinction between `3.0.0` and `3.0.1` for example. +Occasionally, non-backwards compatible changes may be made in `minor` versions of the OAS where impact is believed to be low relative to the benefit provided. -Each new minor version of the OpenAPI Specification SHALL allow any OpenAPI document that is valid against any previous minor version of the Specification, within the same major version, to be updated to the new Specification version with equivalent semantics. Such an update MUST only require changing the `openapi` property to the new minor version. - -For example, a valid OpenAPI 3.0.2 document, upon changing its `openapi` property to `3.1.0`, SHALL be a valid OpenAPI 3.1.0 document, semantically equivalent to the original OpenAPI 3.0.2 document. New minor versions of the OpenAPI Specification MUST be written to ensure this form of backward compatibility. - -An OpenAPI document compatible with OAS 3.\*.\* contains a required [`openapi`](#oasVersion) field which designates the semantic version of the OAS that it uses. (OAS 2.0 documents contain a top-level version field named [`swagger`](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/2.0.md#swaggerObject) and value `"2.0"`.) +An OpenAPI document compatible with OAS 3.\*.\* contains a required [`openapi`](#oasVersion) field which designates the version of the OAS that it uses. ### Format @@ -188,7 +184,7 @@ This is the root object of the [OpenAPI document](#oasDocument). Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -openapi | `string` | **REQUIRED**. This string MUST be the [semantic version number](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html) of the [OpenAPI Specification version](#versions) that the OpenAPI document uses. The `openapi` field SHOULD be used by tooling specifications and clients to interpret the OpenAPI document. This is *not* related to the API [`info.version`](#infoVersion) string. +openapi | `string` | **REQUIRED**. This string MUST be the [version number](#versions) of the OpenAPI Specification that the OpenAPI document uses. The `openapi` field SHOULD be used by tooling to interpret the OpenAPI document. This is *not* related to the API [`info.version`](#infoVersion) string. info | [Info Object](#infoObject) | **REQUIRED**. Provides metadata about the API. The metadata MAY be used by tooling as required. servers | [[Server Object](#serverObject)] | An array of Server Objects, which provide connectivity information to a target server. If the `servers` property is not provided, or is an empty array, the default value would be a [Server Object](#serverObject) with a [url](#serverUrl) value of `/`. paths | [Paths Object](#pathsObject) | The available paths and operations for the API. From ee77d2de91feb311f3e6e1ddf4d91a225419818e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Henry Andrews Date: Thu, 28 May 2020 09:49:27 -0700 Subject: [PATCH 33/42] Remove "nullable" entirely (#2246) --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 -- 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 91f957c122..41d0b73ea1 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2301,7 +2301,6 @@ The OpenAPI Schema Object is a JSON Schema vocabulary which extends JSON Schema The following properties are taken from the JSON Schema definition but their definitions were adjusted to the OpenAPI Specification. -- type - Used to restrict the allowed types as specified in JSON Schema, but may be modified by the [`nullable`](#schemaNullable) keyword. - description - [CommonMark syntax](http://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. - format - See [Data Type Formats](#dataTypeFormat) for further details. While relying on JSON Schema's defined formats, the OAS offers a few additional predefined formats. @@ -2311,7 +2310,6 @@ In addition to the JSON Schema properties defined in the vocabularies defined in Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -nullable | `boolean` | A `true` value adds "null" to the allowed types specified by the `type` keyword, only if `type` is explicitly defined within the same Schema Object. Other Schema Object constraints retain their defined behavior, and therefore may disallow the use of `null` as a value. A `false` value leaves the specified or default `type` unmodified. The default value is `false`.

**Deprecated:** The `type` property now allows "null" as a type, alone or within a type array. This is the standard way to allow null values in JSON Schema. Use of `nullable` is discouraged, and later versions of this specification may remove it. discriminator | [Discriminator Object](#discriminatorObject) | Adds support for polymorphism. The discriminator is an object name that is used to differentiate between other schemas which may satisfy the payload description. See [Composition and Inheritance](#schemaComposition) for more details. xml | [XML Object](#xmlObject) | This MAY be used only on properties schemas. It has no effect on root schemas. Adds additional metadata to describe the XML representation of this property. externalDocs | [External Documentation Object](#externalDocumentationObject) | Additional external documentation for this schema. From 3a96dfe429d6b82b36c8605937652a0687631ce3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ron Date: Thu, 18 Jun 2020 15:59:06 -0600 Subject: [PATCH 34/42] Update version for release (#2269) --- versions/3.1.0.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 41d0b73ea1..fc282f3777 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # OpenAPI Specification -#### Version 3.1.0 +#### Version 3.1.0-rc0 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [BCP 14](https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp14) [RFC2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119) [RFC8174](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8174) when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here. @@ -3419,7 +3419,7 @@ Two examples of this: Version | Date | Notes --- | --- | --- -3.1.0 | TBD | TBD +3.1.0-rc0 | 2020-06-18 | rc0 of the 3.1 specification 3.0.3 | 2020-02-20 | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.3 3.0.2 | 2018-10-08 | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.2 3.0.1 | 2017-12-06 | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.1 From df7f5f9f939eeda430fc8cb70f34ff2d65557c45 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Phil Sturgeon Date: Thu, 23 Jul 2020 18:57:16 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 35/42] $schema Guidance (#2266) * chore: explain how $schema might work * reordered and made it specifically only schema resources * Update versions/3.1.0.md Co-authored-by: Karen Etheridge * Update versions/3.1.0.md Co-authored-by: Ben Hutton * new approach Co-authored-by: Phil Sturgeon Co-authored-by: Karen Etheridge Co-authored-by: Ben Hutton --- versions/3.1.0.md | 8 ++++++++ 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index fc282f3777..27921a9a75 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -2336,6 +2336,14 @@ As such, inline schema definitions, which do not have a given id, *cannot* be us The [xml](#schemaXml) property allows extra definitions when translating the JSON definition to XML. The [XML Object](#xmlObject) contains additional information about the available options. +###### Picking Schema Vocabularies + +It is important for tooling to be able to detect what meta-schema any given resource wishes to be processed with: JSON Schema Core, JSON Schema Validation, OpenAPI Schema Object, or some custom meta schema. + +`$schema` MAY be present in any Schema Object, and if present MUST be used to determine which dialect should be used when processing the schema. + +When `$schema` is not present, the default the following dialect MUST be assumed: `$schema: "https://spec.openapis.org/oas/3.1/schema-object"`. + ##### Schema Object Examples ###### Primitive Sample From 912ef8d86dd6addf704c242cd13701d8195d6caa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Sebastien Rosset Date: Thu, 27 Aug 2020 09:53:14 -0700 Subject: [PATCH 36/42] v3.1.0: rephrase data-type section because `format` keyword can be used for any data type. (#2302) * The JSON schema specification states the format keyword can be used for any data type, not just primitive types * The JSON schema specification states the format keyword can be used for any data type, not just primitive types --- versions/3.1.0.md | 11 +++-------- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 27921a9a75..23dca9cd5a 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -139,17 +139,12 @@ It is RECOMMENDED that the root OpenAPI document be named: `openapi.json` or `op ### Data Types -Primitive data types in the OAS are based on the types supported by the [JSON Schema Specification Draft 2019-09](http://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-core.html#rfc.section.4.2). +Data types in the OAS are based on the types supported by the [JSON Schema Specification Draft 2019-09](http://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-core.html#rfc.section.4.2). Note that `integer` as a type is also supported and is defined as a JSON number without a fraction or exponent part. Models are defined using the [Schema Object](#schemaObject), which is a superset of JSON Schema Specification Draft 2019-09. -Primitives have an optional modifier property: `format`, which is defined by JSON Schema. -OAS uses several known additional formats to define in fine detail the data type being used. -However, to support documentation needs, the `format` property is an open `string`-valued property, and can have any value. -Additional formats MAY be used even though undefined by either JSON Schema or this specification. -Types that are not accompanied by a `format` property follow the type definition in the JSON Schema. Tools that do not recognize a specific `format` MAY default back to the `type` alone, as if the `format` is not specified. - -Note that by default, JSON Schema validators will not attempt to validate the `format` keyword. https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/release-notes.html#format-vocabulary +As defined by JSON Schema, data types can have an optional modifier property: `format`. +OAS defines additional formats to provide fine detail for primitive data types. The formats defined by the OAS are: From 437b4077745c5d104a18935569b7ecb3b4fc1b42 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Darrel Date: Thu, 3 Sep 2020 12:46:24 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 37/42] Added change to address #2287 (#2328) Co-authored-by: Darrel Miller --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 23dca9cd5a..22b689213f 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ A self-contained or composite resource which defines or describes an API or elem ##### Path Templating Path templating refers to the usage of template expressions, delimited by curly braces ({}), to mark a section of a URL path as replaceable using path parameters. -Each template expression in the path MUST correspond to a path parameter that is included in the [Path Item](#path-item-object) itself and/or in each of the Path Item's [Operations](#operation-object). +Each template expression in the path MUST correspond to a path parameter that is included in the [Path Item](#path-item-object) itself and/or in each of the Path Item's [Operations](#operation-object). An exception is if the path item is empty, for example due to ACL constraints, matching path parameters are not required. ##### Media Types Media type definitions are spread across several resources. From 280ae0e865e038c7a6a5090253afa58ab8c1cb19 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ron Date: Thu, 3 Sep 2020 10:48:23 -0600 Subject: [PATCH 38/42] Make Server Variable Object's properties more strict (#2335) Followup to #1809, now that we allow breaking changes. --- versions/3.1.0.md | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 22b689213f..47b8ad5ac7 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -424,8 +424,8 @@ An object representing a Server Variable for server URL template substitution. Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---:|--- -enum | [`string`] | An enumeration of string values to be used if the substitution options are from a limited set. The array SHOULD NOT be empty. -default | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The default value to use for substitution, which SHALL be sent if an alternate value is _not_ supplied. Note this behavior is different than the [Schema Object's](#schemaObject) treatment of default values, because in those cases parameter values are optional. If the [`enum`](#serverVariableEnum) is defined, the value SHOULD exist in the enum's values. +enum | [`string`] | An enumeration of string values to be used if the substitution options are from a limited set. The array MUST NOT be empty. +default | `string` | **REQUIRED**. The default value to use for substitution, which SHALL be sent if an alternate value is _not_ supplied. Note this behavior is different than the [Schema Object's](#schemaObject) treatment of default values, because in those cases parameter values are optional. If the [`enum`](#serverVariableEnum) is defined, the value MUST exist in the enum's values. description | `string` | An optional description for the server variable. [CommonMark syntax](https://spec.commonmark.org/) MAY be used for rich text representation. This object MAY be extended with [Specification Extensions](#specificationExtensions). From 99ceb0bc4ddfb624e415bfb004b513c8eabe0692 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Vladimir Gorej Date: Fri, 4 Sep 2020 16:28:11 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 39/42] docs(Components): fix typo in schemas field type (#2337) --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index 47b8ad5ac7..dbdecaa4ea 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ All objects defined within the components object will have no effect on the API Field Name | Type | Description ---|:---|--- - schemas | Map[`string`, [Schema Object](#schemaObject) | An object to hold reusable [Schema Objects](#schemaObject). + schemas | Map[`string`, [Schema Object](#schemaObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Schema Objects](#schemaObject). responses | Map[`string`, [Response Object](#responseObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Response Objects](#responseObject). parameters | Map[`string`, [Parameter Object](#parameterObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Parameter Objects](#parameterObject). examples | Map[`string`, [Example Object](#exampleObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | An object to hold reusable [Example Objects](#exampleObject). From 4ad45ad336d2e511e7fcce43c0621a3f82435038 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Helen Kosova Date: Thu, 17 Sep 2020 20:33:54 +0300 Subject: [PATCH 40/42] Fix indentation of a YAML comment --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index dbdecaa4ea..2964828727 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -1480,7 +1480,7 @@ In addition, specific media types MAY be specified: # multiple, specific media types may be specified: requestBody: content: - # a binary file of type png or jpeg + # a binary file of type png or jpeg image/jpeg: {} image/png: {} ``` From 7fc06e0b5b9a32a668d8fba62308b735ebca65e9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Darrel Date: Thu, 1 Oct 2020 12:39:59 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 41/42] Removed required constraint on responses object (#2329) Co-authored-by: Darrel Miller --- versions/3.1.0.md | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index dbdecaa4ea..4b5b6fefab 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -845,7 +845,7 @@ Field Name | Type | Description operationId | `string` | Unique string used to identify the operation. The id MUST be unique among all operations described in the API. The operationId value is **case-sensitive**. Tools and libraries MAY use the operationId to uniquely identify an operation, therefore, it is RECOMMENDED to follow common programming naming conventions. parameters | [[Parameter Object](#parameterObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A list of parameters that are applicable for this operation. If a parameter is already defined at the [Path Item](#pathItemParameters), the new definition will override it but can never remove it. The list MUST NOT include duplicated parameters. A unique parameter is defined by a combination of a [name](#parameterName) and [location](#parameterIn). The list can use the [Reference Object](#referenceObject) to link to parameters that are defined at the [OpenAPI Object's components/parameters](#componentsParameters). requestBody | [Request Body Object](#requestBodyObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject) | The request body applicable for this operation. The `requestBody` is fully supported in HTTP methods where the HTTP 1.1 specification [RFC7231](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.1) has explicitly defined semantics for request bodies. In other cases where the HTTP spec is vague (such as [GET](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.1), [HEAD](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.2) and [DELETE](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-4.3.5)), `requestBody` is permitted but does not have well-defined semantics and SHOULD be avoided if possible. -responses | [Responses Object](#responsesObject) | **REQUIRED**. The list of possible responses as they are returned from executing this operation. +responses | [Responses Object](#responsesObject) | The list of possible responses as they are returned from executing this operation. callbacks | Map[`string`, [Callback Object](#callbackObject) \| [Reference Object](#referenceObject)] | A map of possible out-of band callbacks related to the parent operation. The key is a unique identifier for the Callback Object. Each value in the map is a [Callback Object](#callbackObject) that describes a request that may be initiated by the API provider and the expected responses. deprecated | `boolean` | Declares this operation to be deprecated. Consumers SHOULD refrain from usage of the declared operation. Default value is `false`. security | [[Security Requirement Object](#securityRequirementObject)] | A declaration of which security mechanisms can be used for this operation. The list of values includes alternative security requirement objects that can be used. Only one of the security requirement objects need to be satisfied to authorize a request. To make security optional, an empty security requirement (`{}`) can be included in the array. This definition overrides any declared top-level [`security`](#oasSecurity). To remove a top-level security declaration, an empty array can be used. From 8da2c2a39e676efd00a924267409adf177fca668 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ron Date: Thu, 8 Oct 2020 09:36:58 -0600 Subject: [PATCH 42/42] 3.1.0-rc1 Release prep (#2369) * Update 3.1.0.md * Merge branch 'master' into v3.1.0-dev --- README.md | 19 ++++++++++--------- versions/3.1.0.md | 3 ++- 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 7ba9ee75d6..e8f9f8e39b 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,13 +1,10 @@ # The OpenAPI Specification -[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification) +![Build Status](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/workflows/validate-markdown/badge.svg) ![](https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/16343502?v=3&s=200) -**This is the WIP branch for the next minor version of the spec - 3.1.0. Non-breaking changes should be submitted against this branch, specifically against [3.1.0.md](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/v3.1.0-dev/versions/3.1.0.md).** - - The OpenAPI Specification is a community-driven open specification within the [OpenAPI Initiative](https://www.openapis.org/), a Linux Foundation Collaborative Project. The OpenAPI Specification (OAS) defines a standard, programming language-agnostic interface description for HTTP APIs, which allows both humans and computers to discover and understand the capabilities of a service without requiring access to source code, additional documentation, or inspection of network traffic. When properly defined via OpenAPI, a consumer can understand and interact with the remote service with a minimal amount of implementation logic. Similar to what interface descriptions have done for lower-level programming, the OpenAPI Specification removes guesswork in calling a service. @@ -18,9 +15,13 @@ The OpenAPI Specification does not require rewriting existing APIs. It does not This GitHub project is the starting point for OpenAPI. Here you will find the information you need about the OpenAPI Specification, simple examples of what it looks like, and some general information regarding the project. -## Current Version - 3.0.2 +## Current Version - 3.0.3 + +The current version of the OpenAPI specification is [OpenAPI Specification 3.0.3](versions/3.0.3.md). + +## Current Release Candidate Version - 3.1.0-RC1 -The current version of the OpenAPI specification is [OpenAPI Specification 3.0.2](versions/3.0.2.md). +We invite the community to review and provide feedback for the current release candidate ([OpenAPI Specification 3.1.0-RC1](versions/3.1.0.md). Changes related to the upcoming 3.1.0 release should be submitted at [the development branch](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/tree/v3.1.0-dev). ### Previous Versions @@ -45,11 +46,11 @@ Development of the next version of the OpenAPI Specification is guided by the [T The TSC holds weekly web conferences to review open pull requests and discuss open issues related to the evolving OpenAPI Specification. Participation in weekly calls and scheduled working sessions is open to the community. You can view the [TSC calendar online](https://openapi.groups.io/g/tsc/calendar), and import it to your calendar using the [iCal link](https://openapi.groups.io/g/tsc/ics/1105671/1995679554/feed.ics). -The Open API Initiative encourages participation from individuals and companies alike. If you want to participate in the evolution of the OpenAPI Specification, consider taking the following actions: +The OpenAPI Initiative encourages participation from individuals and companies alike. If you want to participate in the evolution of the OpenAPI Specification, consider taking the following actions: -* Review the [current specification](versions/3.0.1.md). The human-readable markdown file _is the source of truth_ for the specification. +* Review the [current specification](versions/3.0.3.md). The human-readable markdown file _is the source of truth_ for the specification. * Review the [development](DEVELOPMENT.md) process so you understand how the spec is evolving. -* Check the [issues](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/issues) and [pull requests](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/pulls) to see if someone has already documented your idea or feedback on the specification. You can follow an existing conversation by adding a comment to the existing issue or PR. +* Check the [issues](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/issues) and [pull requests](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/pulls) to see if someone has already documented your idea or feedback on the specification. You can follow an existing conversation by subscribing to the existing issue or PR. * Create an issue to describe a new concern. If possible, propose a solution. Not all feedback can be accommodated and there may be solid arguments for or against a change being appropriate for the specification. diff --git a/versions/3.1.0.md b/versions/3.1.0.md index a33e69999d..b3bf8e1749 100644 --- a/versions/3.1.0.md +++ b/versions/3.1.0.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ # OpenAPI Specification -#### Version 3.1.0-rc0 +#### Version 3.1.0-rc1 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [BCP 14](https://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp14) [RFC2119](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119) [RFC8174](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8174) when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here. @@ -3422,6 +3422,7 @@ Two examples of this: Version | Date | Notes --- | --- | --- +3.1.0-rc0 | 2020-10-07 | rc1 of the 3.1 specification 3.1.0-rc0 | 2020-06-18 | rc0 of the 3.1 specification 3.0.3 | 2020-02-20 | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.3 3.0.2 | 2018-10-08 | Patch release of the OpenAPI Specification 3.0.2