[SPARK-52895][SQL] Don't add duplicate elements in resolveExprsWithAggregate

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
Don't add duplicate elements in `resolveExprsWithAggregate`.

### Why are the changes needed?
This is needed in order to resolve plan mismatches between fixed-point and single-pass analyzer. At the moment fixed-point duplicates columns if there are duplicate columns missing in HAVING/ORDER BY. However, if there are LCAs, fixed-point will deduplicate these columns because LCA resolution uses a set (and LCA resolution runs after ORDER BY/HAVING resolution in fixed-point). In single-pass LCA resolution is done first and only after comes ORDER BY/HAVING resolution which adds duplicates. This PR makes behavior consistent across all cases by never adding duplicates.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?
No.

### How was this patch tested?
Added new test cases to golden files.

### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?
No

Closes apache#51567 from mihailotim-db/mihailotim-db/deduplicate_agg_exprs.

Authored-by: Mihailo Timotic <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Wenchen Fan <[email protected]>

Author: mihailotim-db

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/Analyzer.scala

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 package org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis
 
 import java.util
-import java.util.Locale
+import java.util.{LinkedHashMap, Locale}
 
 import scala.collection.mutable
 import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
@@ -2919,21 +2919,21 @@ class Analyzer(override val catalogManager: CatalogManager) extends RuleExecutor
     def resolveExprsWithAggregate(
         exprs: Seq[Expression],
         agg: Aggregate): (Seq[NamedExpression], Seq[Expression]) = {
-      val extraAggExprs = ArrayBuffer.empty[NamedExpression]
+      val extraAggExprs = new LinkedHashMap[Expression, NamedExpression]
       val transformed = exprs.map { e =>
         if (!e.resolved) {
           e
         } else {
           buildAggExprList(e, agg, extraAggExprs)
         }
       }
-      (extraAggExprs.toSeq, transformed)
+      (extraAggExprs.values().asScala.toSeq, transformed)
     }
 
     private def buildAggExprList(
         expr: Expression,
         agg: Aggregate,
-        aggExprList: ArrayBuffer[NamedExpression]): Expression = {
+        aggExprMap: LinkedHashMap[Expression, NamedExpression]): Expression = {
       // Avoid adding an extra aggregate expression if it's already present in
       // `agg.aggregateExpressions`. Trim inner aliases from aggregate expressions because of
       // expressions like `spark_grouping_id` that can have inner aliases.
@@ -2949,20 +2949,22 @@ class Analyzer(override val catalogManager: CatalogManager) extends RuleExecutor
         expr match {
           case ae: AggregateExpression =>
             val cleaned = trimTempResolvedColumn(ae)
-            val alias =
-              Alias(cleaned, toPrettySQL(e = cleaned, shouldTrimTempResolvedColumn = true))()
-            aggExprList += alias
-            alias.toAttribute
+            val resultAlias = aggExprMap.computeIfAbsent(
+              cleaned.canonicalized,
+              _ => Alias(cleaned, toPrettySQL(e = cleaned, shouldTrimTempResolvedColumn = true))()
+            )
+            resultAlias.toAttribute
           case grouping: Expression if agg.groupingExpressions.exists(grouping.semanticEquals) =>
             trimTempResolvedColumn(grouping) match {
               case ne: NamedExpression =>
-                aggExprList += ne
-                ne.toAttribute
+                val resultAttribute = aggExprMap.computeIfAbsent(ne.canonicalized, _ => ne)
+                resultAttribute.toAttribute
               case other =>
-                val alias =
-                  Alias(other, toPrettySQL(e = other, shouldTrimTempResolvedColumn = true))()
-                aggExprList += alias
-                alias.toAttribute
+                val resultAlias = aggExprMap.computeIfAbsent(
+                  other.canonicalized,
+                  _ => Alias(other, toPrettySQL(e = other, shouldTrimTempResolvedColumn = true))()
+                )
+                resultAlias.toAttribute
             }
           case t: TempResolvedColumn =>
             if (t.child.isInstanceOf[Attribute]) {
@@ -2977,15 +2979,15 @@ class Analyzer(override val catalogManager: CatalogManager) extends RuleExecutor
               val childWithTempCol = t.child.transformUp {
                 case a: Attribute => TempResolvedColumn(a, Seq(a.name))
               }
-              val newChild = buildAggExprList(childWithTempCol, agg, aggExprList)
+              val newChild = buildAggExprList(childWithTempCol, agg, aggExprMap)
               if (newChild.containsPattern(TEMP_RESOLVED_COLUMN)) {
                 withOrigin(t.origin)(t.copy(hasTried = true))
               } else {
                 newChild
               }
             }
           case other =>
-            other.withNewChildren(other.children.map(buildAggExprList(_, agg, aggExprList)))
+            other.withNewChildren(other.children.map(buildAggExprList(_, agg, aggExprMap)))
         }
       }
     }

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/resolver/HavingResolver.scala

@@ -74,8 +74,10 @@ class HavingResolver(resolver: Resolver, expressionResolver: ExpressionResolver)
     val (resolvedConditionWithAliasReplacement, filteredMissingExpressions) =
       tryReplaceSortOrderOrHavingConditionWithAlias(resolvedCondition, scopes, missingExpressions)
 
+    val deduplicatedMissingExpressions = deduplicateMissingExpressions(filteredMissingExpressions)
+
     val resolvedChildWithMissingAttributes =
-      insertMissingExpressions(resolvedChild, filteredMissingExpressions)
+      insertMissingExpressions(resolvedChild, deduplicatedMissingExpressions)
 
     val isChildChangedByMissingExpressions = !resolvedChildWithMissingAttributes.eq(resolvedChild)
 

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/resolver/ResolvesNameByHiddenOutput.scala

@@ -222,6 +222,20 @@ trait ResolvesNameByHiddenOutput extends SQLConfHelper {
       case other => other
     }
 
+  /**
+   * Deduplicates missing expressions by [[ExprId]].
+   */
+  def deduplicateMissingExpressions(
+      missingExpressions: Seq[NamedExpression]): Seq[NamedExpression] = {
+    val duplicateMissingExpressions = new HashSet[ExprId]
+    missingExpressions.collect {
+      case expression: NamedExpression
+        if !duplicateMissingExpressions.contains(expression.exprId) =>
+        duplicateMissingExpressions.add(expression.exprId)
+        expression
+    }
+  }
+
   private def expandOperatorsOutputList(
       operator: UnaryNode,
       operatorOutput: Seq[NamedExpression],

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/resolver/SortResolver.scala

@@ -134,8 +134,10 @@ class SortResolver(operatorResolver: Resolver, expressionResolver: ExpressionRes
       val (resolvedOrderExpressionsWithAliasesReplaced, filteredMissingExpressions) =
         tryReplaceSortOrderWithAlias(resolvedOrderExpressions, missingExpressions)
 
+      val deduplicatedMissingExpressions = deduplicateMissingExpressions(filteredMissingExpressions)
+
       val resolvedChildWithMissingAttributes =
-        insertMissingExpressions(resolvedChild, filteredMissingExpressions)
+        insertMissingExpressions(resolvedChild, deduplicatedMissingExpressions)
 
       val isChildChangedByMissingExpressions = !resolvedChildWithMissingAttributes.eq(resolvedChild)
 

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/analyzer-results/group-analytics.sql.out

@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ HAVING GROUPING(year) = 1 AND GROUPING_ID(course, year) > 0 ORDER BY course, yea
 Sort [course#x ASC NULLS FIRST, year#x ASC NULLS FIRST], true
 +- Project [course#x, year#x]
    +- Filter ((cast(cast((shiftright(spark_grouping_id#xL, 0) & 1) as tinyint) as int) = 1) AND (spark_grouping_id#xL > cast(0 as bigint)))
-      +- Aggregate [course#x, year#x, spark_grouping_id#xL], [course#x, year#x, spark_grouping_id#xL, spark_grouping_id#xL]
+      +- Aggregate [course#x, year#x, spark_grouping_id#xL], [course#x, year#x, spark_grouping_id#xL]
          +- Expand [[course#x, year#x, earnings#x, course#x, year#x, 0], [course#x, year#x, earnings#x, course#x, null, 1], [course#x, year#x, earnings#x, null, year#x, 2], [course#x, year#x, earnings#x, null, null, 3]], [course#x, year#x, earnings#x, course#x, year#x, spark_grouping_id#xL]
             +- Project [course#x, year#x, earnings#x, course#x AS course#x, year#x AS year#x]
                +- SubqueryAlias coursesales

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/analyzer-results/having.sql.out

@@ -486,3 +486,23 @@ Filter cast(scalar-subquery#x [alias#x] as boolean)
 :     +- OneRowRelation
 +- Aggregate [col1#x], [col1#x AS alias#x]
    +- LocalRelation [col1#x]
+
+
+-- !query
+SELECT col1 FROM VALUES(1,2) GROUP BY col1, col2 HAVING col2 = col2
+-- !query analysis
+Project [col1#x]
++- Filter (col2#x = col2#x)
+   +- Aggregate [col1#x, col2#x], [col1#x, col2#x]
+      +- LocalRelation [col1#x, col2#x]
+
+
+-- !query
+SELECT col1 AS a, a AS b FROM VALUES(1,2) GROUP BY col1, col2 HAVING col2 = col2
+-- !query analysis
+Project [a#x, b#x]
++- Filter (col2#x = col2#x)
+   +- Project [a#x, a#x AS b#x, col2#x]
+      +- Project [col1#x, col2#x, col1#x AS a#x]
+         +- Aggregate [col1#x, col2#x], [col1#x, col2#x]
+            +- LocalRelation [col1#x, col2#x]

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/analyzer-results/order-by.sql.out

@@ -454,6 +454,26 @@ Sort [(sum(b) + 1)#xL ASC NULLS FIRST], true
                      +- LocalRelation [a#x, b#x]
 
 
+-- !query
+SELECT col1 FROM VALUES(1,2) GROUP BY col1, col2 ORDER BY col2, col2
+-- !query analysis
+Project [col1#x]
++- Sort [col2#x ASC NULLS FIRST, col2#x ASC NULLS FIRST], true
+   +- Aggregate [col1#x, col2#x], [col1#x, col2#x]
+      +- LocalRelation [col1#x, col2#x]
+
+
+-- !query
+SELECT col1 AS a, a AS b FROM VALUES(1,2) GROUP BY col1, col2 ORDER BY col2, col2
+-- !query analysis
+Project [a#x, b#x]
++- Sort [col2#x ASC NULLS FIRST, col2#x ASC NULLS FIRST], true
+   +- Project [a#x, a#x AS b#x, col2#x]
+      +- Project [col1#x, col2#x, col1#x AS a#x]
+         +- Aggregate [col1#x, col2#x], [col1#x, col2#x]
+            +- LocalRelation [col1#x, col2#x]
+
+
 -- !query
 DROP VIEW IF EXISTS testData
 -- !query analysis

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/analyzer-results/udf/udf-group-analytics.sql.out

@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ HAVING GROUPING(year) = 1 AND GROUPING_ID(course, year) > 0 ORDER BY course, udf
 Sort [course#x ASC NULLS FIRST, cast(udf(cast(year#x as string)) as int) ASC NULLS FIRST], true
 +- Project [course#x, year#x]
    +- Filter ((cast(cast((shiftright(spark_grouping_id#xL, 0) & 1) as tinyint) as int) = 1) AND (spark_grouping_id#xL > cast(0 as bigint)))
-      +- Aggregate [course#x, year#x, spark_grouping_id#xL], [course#x, year#x, spark_grouping_id#xL, spark_grouping_id#xL]
+      +- Aggregate [course#x, year#x, spark_grouping_id#xL], [course#x, year#x, spark_grouping_id#xL]
          +- Expand [[course#x, year#x, earnings#x, course#x, year#x, 0], [course#x, year#x, earnings#x, course#x, null, 1], [course#x, year#x, earnings#x, null, year#x, 2], [course#x, year#x, earnings#x, null, null, 3]], [course#x, year#x, earnings#x, course#x, year#x, spark_grouping_id#xL]
             +- Project [course#x, year#x, earnings#x, course#x AS course#x, year#x AS year#x]
                +- SubqueryAlias coursesales

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/inputs/having.sql

@@ -91,3 +91,8 @@ GROUP BY col1
 HAVING (
     SELECT col1[0] = 1
 );
+
+-- Missing attribute (col2) in HAVING is added only once
+
+SELECT col1 FROM VALUES(1,2) GROUP BY col1, col2 HAVING col2 = col2;
+SELECT col1 AS a, a AS b FROM VALUES(1,2) GROUP BY col1, col2 HAVING col2 = col2;

sql/core/src/test/resources/sql-tests/inputs/order-by.sql

@@ -54,5 +54,10 @@ SELECT MAX(a) + SUM(b) FROM testData ORDER BY SUM(b) + MAX(a);
 SELECT SUM(a) + 1 + MIN(a) FROM testData ORDER BY 1 + 1 + 1 + MIN(a) + 1 + SUM(a);
 SELECT SUM(b) + 1 FROM testData HAVING SUM(b) + 1 > 0 ORDER BY SUM(b) + 1;
 
+-- Missing attribute (col2) in ORDER BY is added only once
+
+SELECT col1 FROM VALUES(1,2) GROUP BY col1, col2 ORDER BY col2, col2;
+SELECT col1 AS a, a AS b FROM VALUES(1,2) GROUP BY col1, col2 ORDER BY col2, col2;
+
 -- Clean up
 DROP VIEW IF EXISTS testData;